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Focal shift and astigmatism for a circular zone plate

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Focal shift and astigmatism for a circular zone plate

Perception, Prevalence and Predictors of Rape among Female Students in a Tertiary Institution South East Nigeria

1992 International Conference on Lasers and Optoelectronics(ICLOE’92)

作者： Shaomin Wang Xiaoqing Jiang Qiang Lin Eusebio Bernabu Javier Alda victor Martin Department of Physics Hangzhou University Optics Department University Complutense of Madrid

Focal shift of zone plate is completely different from corresponding circular and annular *** powers of zone plate are constant under some condition but for the latter they are always variables. Astigmatism for a zone plate is also *** sagittal focal surfaces are unchanged but the tangential focal surfaces are changed as a function;cos0,besides,it has neither spherical aberration,nor *** are also completely different from conventional imaging devices.

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第14期5卷 819-828页

作者： Prosper O. u. Adogu Echendu D. Adinma victor I. Onyiaorah Chika F. ubajaka Department of Community Medicine NAU/NAUTH Nnewi Nigeria Department of Community Medicine NAU/NAUTH Nnewi Nigeria PHC NAU/NAUTH Nnewi Nigeria Department of Histopathology NAU/NAUTH Nnewi Nigeria

The essential elements of the rape crime are sexual penetration, force, and the lack of consent. The prevalence of rape worldwide has been reported to be a staggering 20%. In Nigeria, most victims of rape will elect to remain silent about the experience, because of stigmatization leading to under reporting of the crime. This study was aimed at elucidating the perception of rape and determining its prevalence and predictors among female undergraduates in a tertiary institution in South Eastern Nigeria. This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which self administered questionnaires were used to collect relevant data from 280 female undergraduates of uNIZIK Okofia Nnewi Campus, Nigeria, selected by cluster sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine associations and identify independent predictors of rape respectively. The level of significance was set at p ult showed that the female students had a good knowledge and the perception of rape and that some had fallen victims (16.4%). Acquaintance rape was markedly common (p us (p udents, often the party going (p us and non-party-going counterparts. Also, students who attended single gender schools (p rape than those counterparts who attended co-educational colleges. Awareness campaigns through peer education, introduction of sexuality education in the school curriculum and establishment of school health programmes are highly recommended.

关键词： Perception Prevalence Predictors Rape Female Tertiary Institution Nigeria

Atypical small acinar proliferation and its significance in pathological reports in modern urological times

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Asian Journal of urology 2022年第1期9卷 12-17页

作者： Georgios Tsampoukas victor Manolas Dominic Brown Athanasios Dellis Konstantinos Deliveliotis Mohamad Moussa Athanasios Papatsoris Department of urology Princess Alexandra HospitalHarlowUK u-merge Ltd.(urology for Emerging Countries) LondonUK Department of urology Broomfield HospitalChelmsfordUK Department of urology and General Surgery Areteion HospitalAthensGreece 2nd Department of urology School of MedicineSismanoglio HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece Chairman of Surgery&urology Department Lebanese University&Zahraa HospitalUniversity Medical CenterBeirutLebanon

Atypical small acinar proliferation is a histopathological diagnosis of unspecified importance in prostate needle-biopsy reports,suggestive but not definitive for *** terminology corresponds to some uncertainty in the biopsy report,as the finding might represent an underlying non-cancerous pathology mimicking cancer or an under-sampled prostate cancer ***,traditional practice favors an immediate repeat ***,in modern urological times,the need of urgent repeat biopsy is being challenged by some authors as in the majority of cases,the grade of cancer found in subsequent biopsy is reported to be low or the disease to be *** the other hand,high risk disease cannot be excluded,whereas no clinical or pathological factors can predict the final *** this review,we discuss the significance of the diagnosis of atypical small acinar proliferation in the biopsy report,commenting on its importance in modern urological practice.

关键词： Prostate cancer Repeat biopsy Significant cancer Grade Atypical small cell proliferation Lesion suspicious for cancer

Palladium-catalyzed Coupling between Aryl Halides and Trimethylsilylacetylene Assisted by Dimethylaminotrimethyltin

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第5期29卷 1059-1062页

作者：蔡良珍杨杜娟孙忠华陶晓春蔡利生 Pike victor W. School of Chemical and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Molecular Imaging Branch National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 U. S. A.

Palladium-catalyzed coupling between aryl halides, especially less reactive ones or N-heteroaryls, and trimethylsilylacetylene in the presence of dimethylaminotrimethyltin generated the coupled products in high yields... 详细信息

关键词： palladium catalysis trimethylsilylacetylene aryl halide dimethylaminotrimethyltin Sonogashira coupling

Digital Disparities:How Artificial Intelligence Can Facilitate Anti-Black Racism in the *** Sector

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2024年第1期12卷 40-50页

作者： Anthony victor Onwuegbuzia California State university Dominguez Hills Carsonthe United States

This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the united States medical *** the promising potential of AI to enhance healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities,there is a growing concern that these technologies may inadvertently/advertently exacerbate existing racial *** specifically on the experiences of Black patients,this research investigates how the following AI components:medical algorithms,machine learning,and natural learning processes are contributing to the unequal distribution of medical resources,diagnosis,and health care treatment of those classified as ***,this review employs a multidisciplinary approach,combining insights from computer science,medical ethics,and social justice theory to analyze the mechanisms through which AI systems may encode and reinforce racial *** dissecting the three primary components of AI,this paper aims to present a clear understanding of how these technologies work,how they intersect,and how they may inherently perpetuate harmful stereotypes resulting in negligent outcomes for Black ***,this paper explores the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare settings and calls for increased transparency,accountability,and diversity in the development and implementation of these ***,it is important that I prefer the following paper with a clear and concise definition of what I refer to as Anti-Black racism throughout the ***,I assert the following:Anti-Black racism refers to prejudice,discrimination,or antagonism directed against individuals or communities of African descent based on their *** involves the belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another and the systemic and institutional practices that perpetuate inequality and disadvantage for Black ***,I proclaim that this form of racism can be manifested

关键词： Bias in algorithms Racial disparities in u.S.healthcare Discriminatory healthcare practices Black patient outcomes Automated decision-making and racism Machine Learning Natural language processing

Immune evasion strategies used by Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12753-12766页

作者： Taslima T Lina Shatha Alzahrani Jazmin Gonzalez Irina V Pinchuk Ellen J Beswick victor E Reyes Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States MS-III School of Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque NM 87131 United States Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United Statest

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is perhaps the most ubiquitous and successful human pathogen, since it colonizes the stomach of more than half of humankind. Infection with this bacterium is commonly acquired during childhood. Once infected, people carry the bacteria for decades or even for life, if not treated. Persistent infection with this pathogen causes gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and is also strongly associated with the development of gastric cancer. Despite induction of innate and adaptive immune responses in the infected individual, the host is unable to clear the bacteria. One widely accepted hallmark of H. pylori is that it successfully and stealthily evades host defense mechanisms. Though the gastric mucosa is well protected against infection, H. pylori is able to reside under the mucus, attach to gastric epithelial cells and cause persistent infection by evading immune responses mediated by host. In this review, we discuss how H. pylori avoids innate and acquired immune response elements, uses gastric epithelial cells as mediators to manipulate host T cell responses and uses virulence factors to avoid adaptive immune responses by T cells to establish a persistent infection. We also discuss in this review how the genetic diversity of this pathogen helps for its survival.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Immune response Pattern recognition receptors Phagocytes T cells Antigen presenting cells Gastric epithelial cells Vacuolating cytotoxin T4SS

A self-stabilised walking gait for humanoid robots based on the essential model with internal states

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2022年第4期4卷 283-297页

作者： Qiuyue Luo Christine Chevallereau Yongsheng Ou Jianxin Pang victor De-León-Gómez Yannick Aoustin Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina Research Institute of uBTech Robotics ShenzhenChina Laboratoire des Sciences du Numerique de Nantes(LS2N) CNRSCentrale NantesNantes UniversitéNantesFrance FCA at the univerdidad Autónoma de Coahuila TorreónMéxico

Walking stability is one of the key issues for humanoid robots.A self-stabilised walking gait for a full dynamic model of humanoid robots is *** simplified models,that is,the linear inverted pendulum model and variable-length inverted pendulum model,self-stabilisation of walking gait can be obtained if virtual constraints are properly *** result is extended to the full dynamic model of humanoid robots by using an essential dynamic model,which is developed based on the zero dynamics *** the proposed method,a robust stable walking for a humanoid robot is achieved by adjusting the step timing and landing position of the swing foot automatically,following its intrinsic dynamic *** exempts the robot from the time-consuming high-level control approaches,especially when a full dynamic model is *** different walking patterns/features(i.e.,the swing foot motion,the vertical centre of mass motion,the switching manifold configuration,etc.)affect the stability of the walking gait is *** are conducted on robots Romeo and TALOS to support the results.

关键词： dynamic stability humanoid and bipedal locomotion passive walking

Effect of Helicobacter pylori on gastric epithelial cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12767-12780页

作者： Shatha Alzahrani Taslima T Lina Jazmin Gonzalez Irina V Pinchuk Ellen J Beswick victor E Reyes Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States MSIII School of Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX 77555 United States Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque NM 87131 United States Departments of Pediatricsand and Microbiology and Immunology University of Texas Medical Branch Galves-ton TX 77555 United States

The gastrointestinal epithelium has cells with features that make them a powerful line of defense in innate mucosal immunity. Features that allow gastrointestinal epithelial cells to contribute in innate defense include cell barrier integrity, cell turnover, autophagy, and innate immune responses. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral shape gram negative bacterium that selectively colonizes the gastric epithelium of more than half of the world’s population. The infection invariably becomes persistent due to highly specialized mechanisms that facilitate H. pylori’s avoidance of this initial line of host defense as well as adaptive immune mechanisms. The host response is thus unsuccessful in clearing the infection and as a result becomes established as a persistent infection promoting chronic inflammation. In some individuals the associated inflammation contributes to ulcerogenesis or neoplasia. H. pylori has an array of different strategies to interact intimately with epithelial cells and manipulate their cellular processes and functions. Among the multiple aspects that H. pylori affects in gastric epithelial cells are their distribution of epithelial junctions, DNA damage, apoptosis, proliferation, stimulation of cytokine production, and cell transformation. Some of these processes are initiated as a result of the activation of signaling mechanisms activated on binding of H. pylori to cell surface receptors or via soluble virulence factors that gain access to the epithelium. The multiple responses by the epithelium to the infection contribute to pathogenesis associated with H. pylori.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Apoptosis Gastric epithelial cells Proinflammatory cytokines Chronic inflammation Gastric diseases Gastric cancer

Spectroscopic and photometric observations of symbiotic nova Pu Vul during 2009–2016

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第8期18卷 83-88页

作者： Anna Tatarnikova Marina Burlak Eugene Kolotilov Natalia Metlova victor Shenavrin Sergei Shugarov Taisija Tarasova Andrey Tatarnikov Sternberg Astronomical Institute Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119234Russia Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences 05960 Tatranska LomnicaSlovakia Federal State Budget Scientific Institution"Crimean Astrophysical Observatory of RAS" Nauchny298409Russia

A new set of low-resolution spectral and uBVJHKL-photometric observations of the symbi- otic nova Pu Vul is presented. The binary has been evolving after its symbiotic nova outburst in 1977 and now it is in the nebular stage. It is found that the third orbital cycle （after 1977） was characterized by great changes in associated light curves. Now, Pu Vul exhibits a sine-wave shape in all the light curves （with an amplitude in the u band of about 0.7 mag）, which is typical for symbiotic stars in the quiescent state. Brightness variability due to pulsations of the cool component is now clearly visible in the VRI light curves. The amplitude of the pulsations increases from 0.5 mag in the V band to 0.8 mag in the I band. These two types of variability, as well as a very slow change in the physical parameters of the hot component due to evolution after the outburst of 1977, influence the spectral energy distribution （SED） of the system. The variability of emission lines is highly complex. Only hydrogen line fluxes vary with orbital phase. An important feature of the third orbital cycle is the first emergence of the OVI, 6828A Raman scattering line. We determine the temperature of the hot component by means of the Zanstra method applied to the He II, 4686A line. Our estimate is about 150000 K for the spectrum obtained near orbital maximum in 2014. The VO spectral index derived near pulsation minimum corresponds to M6 spectral class for the cool component of Pu Vul.

关键词： binaries symbiotic - novae - cataclysmic variables - stars individual (Pu Vul)