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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 185-194页

作者： Emily Chelangat Ngeno Francis Orata Lilechi Danstone Barazal victor odhiambo shikuku Selly Jemutai Kimosop Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology P.O. Box 190 Kakamega Kenya Maseno University P.O. Box Private Bag Maseno Kenya

In this work, the adsorptive features of water hyacinth （Eichhornia crassipes） derived biochar for sequestration of ciprofloxacin and caffeine from aqueous solution is reported. The isothermal behaviour, adsorption kinetics, mechanisms and thermodynamic parameters were investigated in batch mode. Langmuir and Freundlich models described the equilibrium adsorption data with regression values 〉 0.9. The kineticsdata obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic law while intraparticle pore diffusion was not the only rate controlling step. The computed thermodynamic parameters, namely change in Gibbs free energy （AG）, change in enthalpy （AH） and change in entropy （AS） indicated that the adsorption processes were spontaneous and exothermic with less randomness, pH dependence studies depicted multi-mechanistic adsorption for both compounds and is hypothesized to involve hydrophobic interactions besides other non-coulombic interactions. The findings demonstrate that water hyacinth biochar presents an excellent low cost and environmentally benign adsorbent for mitigation of pharmaceuticals from water with a removal efficiency of above 60 % for caffeine and ciprofloxacin.

关键词： Adsorption ciprofloxacin caffeine biochar water hyacinth.

Density Functional Study of Mechanical, Electronic and Pressure Induced Phase Transition Properties of CaFé₂As₂

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Open Journal of Microphysics 2023年第3期13卷 36-51页

作者： Mochama victor Samuel Calford odhiambo Otieno Phillip Nyawere Department of Physics Kisii University Kisii Kenya Department of Physical and Biological Sciences Kabarak University Nakuru Kenya

We report results on the ab initio study of the mechanical and electronic properties of the iron Pnictide compound CaFe2As2 and its phase transition under pressure using Quantum Espresso code. We do analysis of the strength of bonds in individual points of this material and proper Cauchy pressure calculation which will give more insight on the elastic responses. Ground state energy was done in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) based on plane wave self-consistent field (PWscf) and ultrasoft pseudo potential (USPP) method as treated in the Perdew-Burke Ernzerhof (PBE) generalized gradient approximation and local density approximations. Elastic constants were computed using thermo_pw and the values were used to calculate mechanical properties and pressure phase changes. From the non-zero positive elastic constants, the Iron Pnictide compound is found to be mechanically stable and its Poisson’s ratio indicates that it is brittle and isotropic. Pressure induced phase transition is here found to happen at an applied external pressure of 0.2 GPa causing the tetragonal phase to change to an orthorhombic phase which agrees well with previous reports.

关键词： Phase Transition Elastic Constants Modulus

Demography, reproductive biology and diet of the bushveld gerbil Tatera leucogaster (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) in the Lake Rukwa valley, south-western Tanzania

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第1期3卷 31-37页

作者： Richard O.odhiambo Rhodes H.MAKUNDI Herwig LEIRS Ron VERHAGEN Pest Management Centre Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Evolutionary Biology Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Danish Pest Infestation Laboratory Danish Institute of Agricultural SciencesKongens LyngbyDenmark

Seasonal abundance, reproductive biology and feeding ecology of the bushveld gerbil Tatera leucogaster (Peters,1852) were investigated in small-scale maize field–fallow land mosaics in south-western Tanzania. The gerbilswere collected over a 2-year period using Sherman live and victor hold-fast snap traps in permanent 4.5-ha grids. Atotal of 664 individuals were captured over 13 650 trap nights, giving an overall trap success rate of 4.9%. Trapsuccess varied between seasons with and without crops in the field but not between habitat types. At this site, thebreeding activity of this species is seasonal. All individuals whose stomachs were analyzed ate a wide range ofitems, indicating omnivory in this species at this site;however, seeds were the most preferred diet category, with amean contribution of 50.4%, followed by arthropods, with a mean contribution of 25.7%. Other plant materialsbecame important during the very dry periods.

关键词： feeding ecology reproduction seasonal abundance Tanzania Tatera leucogaster

Molecular Investigation of Genetic Signatures of Selection in <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>Actin-Binding Protein Coronin, Cysteine Desulfurase, and Plasmepsin 2 Gene in Mbita Field Isolates, Western Kenya

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Open Journal of Genetics 2021年第4期11卷 120-144页

作者： Houdou Diarra Edward E. Makhulu Peter O. odhiambo Robinson M. Irekwa Johnson Kinyua Jeremy K. Herren victor A. Mobegi Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Institute of Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation Pan African University (PAUSTI) Nairobi Kenya International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine-Kenya Medical Research Institute Project (NUITM-KEMRI-Project) Nairobi Ken-ya Department of Biochemistry Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Background: Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) resistance to antimalarial drugs is a major impediment to malaria control. The Pf.Kelch 13 (PfK13) gene has been largely reported to be associated with artemisinin resistance. However, recent studies have shown artemisinin resistance without Kech13 mutations suggesting the implication of others genes in artemisinin resistance. In this current study, we focused on mutations in Pf.actin-binding protein coronin, Pf.cysteine desulfurase and Pf.plasmepsin 2 gene, three putative candidates recently were reported to be involved in artemisinin, lumefantrine and piperaquine resistance respectively. Method: Archived blood samples previously collected from asymptomatic school children from December 2016 to October 2018 were used in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted using ISOL

关键词： Plasmodium falciparum Mutations Artemisinin Lumefantrine Piperaquine