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Microstructural, Chemical and Mineralogical Analyses for Understanding the Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soils

Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2016年第6期4卷 305-319页

作者： Yvette Tankpinou Kiki Nadia Saiyouri victor gbaguidi Yannick Anguy Cécile Gaborieau Richard Fabre Institut de Mécanique et d’ Ingénierie (I2M) Université de Bordeaux Talence Cedex France Laboratoire d’ Energétique et de Mécanique Appliquée Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

This paper presents a study research in the laboratory of three clayey soils from the depression of the Lama, a tropical climate area where disorders appear on construction and roads. Samples were tested to establish the relationship between their mineralogy and their geotechnical properties. On the three clayey soils, analyses were performed to characterize the macroscopic behavior (physical tests, free swelling test and compressibility tests) and the microstructural, chemical and mineralogical characterizations by thermal analysis, chemical analysis, X-Ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy observations complementary X-ray EDS analyses. At first glance, the results of physical and compressibility tests appear not to be consistent with the free swelling test results. Indeed, these results highlighted differences in the behaviors of the samples because the swelling potential revealed by the results of physical and compressibility test does not follow the same trend as the one given by the free swelling test result. The main clay minerals in the studied clayey soils varied from fibrous clays (palygorskite) to best-known clays such as smectite and kaolinite. Microstructural, chemical and mineralogical analyses allowed to understand and explain the different trends obtained by the different types of geotechnical characterization tests of studied clayey soils.

关键词： Geotechnical Mineralogical Microstructural Free Swelling Index Smectite Palygorskite Clayey Soils

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Impact of Domestic Solid Waste Management on Wet Land Water Quality: Case of Abomey-Calavi Municipality in Benin Republic

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Natural Resources 2021年第1期12卷 10-17页

作者： Nikita Topanou Jacques K. Fatombi Jean Gouvidé gbaguidi Taofiki Aminou Josse Gérard Mariane Domeizel Faculty of Science and Technology Natitingou Water and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory Natitingou Benin Laboratoire Chimie Provence Université Aix-Marseille/CNRS Equipe Chimie Environnement Continental-3 Place Victor Hugo Marseille Cedex France Hydrology and Water Resources Management (Laboratory of Hydrology Applied) National Water Institute Calavi Benin Laboratory for Physical-Chemical Analysis of Aquatic Environments (LAPMIA) of the Faculty of Science and Technology (FAST) of Abomey-Calavi University (UAC-Rep of Benin) Abomey-Calavi Benin

The waste management is a major environmental challenge in all the countries. In the Republic of Benin, in absence of controlled landfill, the wetlands are filling in by solid household waste to set up housing environments. This study aimed at identifying the various forms of wetlands water pollutions originated by this practice. Physico-chemical parameters of sampling water were determined by using Ionic chromatography and spectrometry of atomic absorption. The microorganisms indicating fecal peril were identified by the conventional techniques of microbiology. Water quality of a witness well was also used to assess the general water quality of the backfilled wetland. The results revealed the water samples collected from backefilled wetlands were mineralized (898.32 ± 6.13 μs/cm), rich in chlorinate (237.80 ± 4.23 mg/L) and nitrates ions (224.10 ± 3.42 mg/L). They are more colored (399.23 ± 3.01 Pt/Co) and more turbid (62.5 ± 2.48 NTU) than those of the unfilled wetlands. The results of microbiological analysis shown the presence of the cysts of Giardia lamblia (590/100 L) and cysts of Entamoeba histolytica (13/100 L) in all water, except those of witness well. The frequency of water contamination by bacteria indicating general degradation is 86.4%. The embankment of the wetlands by the solid household waste leads to the water pollution.

关键词： Domestic Solid Waste Wetlands Pollution Micro-Organism

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