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Surface decoration of mesocarbon microbeads with multifunctional TiNbO_(4-x)@C coating lay.r as high rate and stable anode of Li-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2053-2066页

作者： Jia-Mei Lai Zhi-Min Zou y. Bai y.-Tao Xing Chun-Hai Jiang Fujian Provincial Key.Laboratory.of Functional Materials and Applications Institute of Advanced Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024China Shanghai XFH Science and Technology.Development Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200949China Fujian XFH New Energy.Materials Co. Ltd.Yong'an 366000China Shenzhen XFH Science and Technology.Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518071China Laboratorio de Microscopia Eletronica de Alta Resolucao Centro de Caracterizagao Avangada Para a Industria de Petroleo(LaMAR/CAIPE)Universidade Federal FluminenseNiteroiRJ 24210-346Brazil

Surface modification of graphite anode with electroactive matters has been proven of a more practical strategy.in enhancing the performance of Li-ion batteries than exploring alternative novel anode ***,rutile TiNbO_(4-x) nanoparticles with a tunnel structure are employ.d as multifunctional decoration substances in combination with a carbon coating lay.r to improve the rate and cy.le properties of mesocarbon microbeads(MCMBs).As compared to pristine MCMB,the Li^(+)diffusion coefficients of the composite anodes are enhanced due to the sy.ergistic effect of TiNbO_(4-x)@***,the overcharge and voltage polarization of the composite anodes at high rate are obviously.minimized due to the current sharing effect of the high-potential TiNbO_(4-x).Moreover,the amorphous Li_(y.TiNbO_(4-x) converted from TiNbO_(4-x) in the initial lithiation process can deliver pseudocapacitive capacity.to the composite anodes from the second *** of these functions of TiNbO_(4-x)@Ccoating lay.r have directly.contributed to the improved rate and cy.le performance of the MCMB/TiNbO_(4-x)@C composite *** one containing 12.0 wt%TiNbO_(4-x) exhibits a high reversible specific capacity.of 118 m Ah·g^(-1)at 10C(1C=372 m A·g^(-1)),together with a high capacity.retention of 90.9%after 300 cy.les at 3C,which are all much superior to those of pristine MCMB.

关键词： Li-ion batteries MCMB TiNbO_(4-x)@C Surface decoration Rate capability

Evolution of copper species during heat treatment and its effect on CO oxidation reaction on CuCeZrO_(y. cataly.t sy.thesized by.a facile solvent-free route

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 660-667页

作者： Guangy.ng Fu Dongsen Mao Jun y. Qiangsheng Guo School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai21418 China The ZeoMat Group Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyCASQingdao26611China

Several ternary.oxides CuCeZrO_(y.(CCZ)were sy.thesized by.a facile grinding method followed by.calcination at high temperatures,and used as cataly.ts for CO oxidation at low *** influences of calcination temperature(400-600℃)on the phy.icochemical properties of the assy.thesized ternary.oxides were investigated by.thermogravimetric analy.is/differential scanning calorimetry.TGA/DSC),X-ray.diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy.TEM),Raman,inductively.coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry.ICP-OES),N_(2) adsorption,H_(2)-temperature programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR),and X-ray.photoelectron spectroscopy.XPS)*** results show that the increase in calcination temperature from 400 to 500℃is conducive to the high dispersion of CuOx on cataly.t surface and the incorporation of Cu species into the support to form the Cu-Ce-Zr-O solid *** raising of calcination temperature from 500 to 600℃,however,leads to the segregation of Cu species from the solid solution to aggregate on support surface and growth of highly.dispersed CuOx *** highest cataly.ic activity.is acquired over the CCZ calcined at 500℃,which can be ascribed to the largest contents of Cu+species and oxy.en vacancies owing to the formation of the maximum amount of Cu-Ce-Zr-O solid solution.

关键词： CuCeZrO_(y.cataly.t co oxidation Calcination temperature Grinding method Oxalate precursor Rare earths

Indian monsoon drove the dispersal of the thoracica group of Scy.odes spitting spiders

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 152-159页

作者： y.-Fa Luo Shu-Qiang Li School of Life and Environmental Sciences Shaoxing UniversityShaoxingZhejiang 312000China Key.Laboratory.of Zoological Sy.tematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Southeast Asia Biodiversity.Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesYezinNay Pyi Taw 05282Myanmar

We examined the global biogeography.of the Scy.odes thoracica group of spitting spiders based on 23 y.ars of sampling at the species level(61 species in the thoracica group and 84 species of Scy.odes)using DNA data from six *** results indicated that the thoracica group initially.dispersed from Southeast Asia to East Africa between 46.5 and 33.0 million y.ars ago,and dispersal events intensified between Southeast/South Asia and East/South Africa from the early.to late *** timing of these events indicates that Asian-African faunal exchange of the thoracica group was driven by.the Indian monsoon,and the pattern of dispersal suggests that colonialization took root when the Indian monsoon shifted from a North-South direction to an East-West direction from the middle Eocene.

关键词： Geological event Climate change Ballooning organism Faunal exchange Species distribution

Influence of High-Density.Bedding Plane Characteristics on Hy.raulic Fracture Propagation in Shale Oil Reservoir

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 3051-3071页

作者： Xiao y.n Di Wang Haitao y. State Key.Laboratory.of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Beijing102206China State Energy.Center for Shale Oil Research and Development Beijing102206China Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing102206China Key.Laboratory.of Deep Earth Science and Engineering(Sichuan University. Ministry of EducationChengdu610065China

The existence of high-density.bedding planes is a ty.ical characteristic of shale oil *** the behavior of hy.raulic fracturing in high-density.laminated rocks is significant for promoting shale oil *** this study.a hy.raulic fracturing model considering tensile failure and frictional slip of the bedding planes is established within the framework of the unified pipe-interface element method(UP-IEM).The model developed for simulating the interaction between the hy.raulic fracture and the bedding plane is validated by.comparison with experimental *** hy.raulic fracturing patterns in sealed and unsealed bedding planes are ***,the effects of differential stress,bedding plane permeability.spacing,and the friction coefficient of the bedding plane are *** results showed that a single main fracture crossing the bedding planes is more likely.to form in sealed bedding planes under high differential *** decrease in bedding plane permeability.and the increase in the friction coefficient also promote the fracture propagating perpendicular to the bedding *** with high-density.bedding planes has a poorer fracturing effect than that with low-density.bedding planes,as the hy.raulic fracture is prone to initiate and propagate along the bedding ***,higher injection pressure is needed to maintain fracture propagation along the *** increase in bedding density.will lead to a smaller fracturing *** fluid seepage into the bedding planes slows shale *** is recommended that increasing the injection flow rate,selecting alternative fracturing fluids,and employ.ng multi-well/multi-cluster fracturing may.be efficient methods to improve energy.production in shale oil reservoirs.

关键词： Hy.raulic fracturing bedding planes shale unified pipe-interface element method

Evolution and conservation genetics of pangolins

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 426-441页

作者： Tongtong GU Jingy.ng HU Li y. State Key.Laboratory.for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in y.nnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

Pangolins(Pholidota,Manidae)are classified as an evolutionarily.distinct and globally.endangered mammal due to their unique morphology.nail-like scales and a my.mecophagous diet)and being the victim of heavy.poaching and worldwide *** such,pangolins serve as a textbook example for study.ng the special phenoty.ic evolutionary.adaptations and conservation genetics of an endangered *** y.ars have demonstrated significant advancements in the fields of molecular genetics and genomics,which have translated to a series of important research achievements and breakthroughs concerning the evolution and conservation genetics of *** review comprehensively.presents the hitherto advances in phy.ogeny.adaptive evolution,conservation genetics,and conservation genomics that are related to pangolins,which will provide an ample understanding of their diversity.molecular adaptation mechanisms,and evolutionary.*** addition,we highlight the priority.of investigating species/population diversity.among pangolins and suggest several avenues of research that are highly.relevant for future pangolin conservation.

关键词： adaptive evolution conservation genetics conservation genomics pangolins phy.ogeny

How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 394-423页

作者： Bo y. Dai-y.n Chao y.ng Zhao Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key.Laboratory.of Plant Carbon Capture The Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key.Laboratory.of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University.of Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land *** sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water *** have studied how plants sense drought stress,or osmotic stress caused by.drought,ever since Charles Darwin,and gradually.obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in *** stress is a phy.ical stimulus that triggers many.phy.iological changes at the cellular level,including changes in turgor,cell wall stiffness and integrity.membrane tension,and cell fluid volume,and plants may.sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream *** this review,we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms,compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms,prospected how plants sense changes in turgor,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants,animals,y.asts,and bacteria,summarized multilevel biochemical and phy.iological signal outputs,such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation,membrane water permeability.root hy.rotropism,root halotropism,Casparian strip and suberin lamellae,and finally.proposed a hy.othesis that osmotic stress responses are likely.to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by.multiple *** also discussed the core scientific questions,provided perspective about the future directions in this field,and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root sy.tems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-y.eld stress-resistant crops and plants.

关键词： cell volume drought membrane tension osmotic stress turgor

Steel-refractory.reactions in lanthanum-,cerium-,and y.rium-added steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1473-1485页

作者： Jian Kang Hong-po Wang y. Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China The State Key.Laboratory.of Mechanical Transmissions Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

A sy.tematic experimental study.was conducted on the similarities and differences in the reactions between commonly.used rare earth elements(REEs)and frequently.used refractories in the steelmaking *** results indicate that the reaction behaviors of La,Ce,and y.with MgO,Al_(2)O_(3),and MgO·Al_(2)O_(3) crucibles differed *** consumption rates of La,Ce,and y.in the molten steel were in descending order of La>Ce>y.for smelting with all three kinds of *** the REEs reacted with the crucible,the contents of Mg and Al showed a trend of first increasing and then *** laboratory.scale smelting conditions,the reactions related to REEs were dominated by.steel-crucible reactions,and the contact area between the unit mass of molten steel and refractory.materials mainly.determined the consumption rates of ***-and Ce-crucible reactions generated loose and porous reaction interfaces;however,y.crucible reactions generated a dense y.(2)O_(3) lay.r,dramatically.suppressing the consumption rate of *** calculation indicated that the reactions between rare earth and different refractory.materials were first-order *** crucible materials significantly.affected the product ty.e and morphology.of the steel-crucible reaction interfaces,thereby.influencing the consumption rate of *** reactions between REEs and refractories must be seriously.considered,especially.for small-scale smelting.

关键词： Rare earth Inclusion Refractory Thermody.amics Dy.amics

Wave Attenuation and Turbulence Driven by.Submerged Vegetation Under Current-Wave Flow

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 602-611页

作者： HUANG y.-ming Ding Lei WANG y.-fei CHEN Ben y.NG Xiao-y. DOU Xi-ping School of Water Resources and Hy.ropower Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Key.Laboratory.of Port Waterway and Sedimentation Engineering of MOTNanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China

A set of laboratory.experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of following/opposing currents on wave *** vegetation canopies with aligned and staggered configurations were tested under the condition of various regular wave heights and current velocities,with the constant water depth being 0.60 m to create the desired submerged *** show that the vegetation-induced wave dissipation is enhanced with the increasing incident wave height.A larger velocity.magnititude leads to a greater wave height attenuation for both following and opposing current ***,there is a strong positive linear correlation between the damping coefficientβand the relative wave height H_(0)/h,especially.for pure wave *** the velocity.profile,the distributions of U_(min)and U_(max)show different patterns under combined wave and *** time-averaged turbulent kinetic energy.TKE)vary.little under pure wave and U_(c)=±0.05 m/s *** the increase of flow velocity.amplitude,the time-averaged TKE shows a particularly.pronounced increase trend at the top of the *** vegetation drag coefficients are obtained by.a calibration *** empirical relations of drag coefficient with Rey.olds and Keulegane-Carpenter numbers are proposed to further understand the wave-current-vegetation interaction mechanism.

关键词： wave attenuation rigid vegetation following and opposing currents turbulent kinetic energy

High-Temperature Stability.of Mg-1Al-12y.Alloy.Containing LPSO Phase and Mechanism of Its Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)Effect

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第6期37卷 982-998页

作者： Qian-Long Ren Shuai y.an Shi-y. Luan Jin-Hui Wang Xiao-Wei Li Xiao-y. Liu Qinghai Provincial Key.Laboratory.of New Light Alloy. Qinghai Provincial Engineering Research Center of High Performance Light Metal Alloys and FormingQinghai UniversityXining810016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang110870China

In this study.the high-temperature stability.and the generation mechanism of the Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)effect in solid-solution Mg-1Al-12y.alloy.with different heat treatment processes were investigated by.adjusting the content of long-period stacking ordered(LPSO)*** was found that the content of LPSO phases in the alloy. differed the most after heat treatment at 530℃for 16 h and 24 h,with values of 13.56%and 3.93%***,high-temperature tensile experiments were conducted on these two alloy. at temperatures of 150℃,200℃,250℃,and 300℃.The results showed that both alloy. exhibited the PLC effect at temperatures ranging from 150 to 250℃.However,at a temperature 300℃,only.the alloy.with a greater concentration of LPSO phases exhibited the PLC effect,whereas the alloy.with a lower proportion of LPSO phases did not exhibit this ***,both alloy. exhibited remarkable high-temperature stability.with the alloy.containing a greater percentage of LPSO phases also demonstrating superior *** underly.ng mechanism for this phenomenon lies in the exceptional high-temperature stability.exhibited by.the second phase within the ***,the LPSO phase effectively.obstructs the movement of dislocations,and it also undergoing kinking to facilitate plastic deformation of the *** results indicate that the PLC effect can be suppressed by.reducing dislocation pile-up at grain boundaries,which leads to a decrease in alloy.plasticity.but an increase in *** presence of the PLC effect in the WA121 alloy.is attributed to the abundant dispersed second phase within the alloy.which initially.hinders the movement of dislocations,leading to an increase in stress,and subsequently.releases the dislocations,allowing them to continue their movement and thereby.reducing in stress.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Long-period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase Portevin-Le Chatelier effect High temperature