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Improving Energy Efficiency in New Trawlers Fishing Gear in Mediterranean Sea

Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2015年第1期5卷 20-25页

作者： Agustin Mayans Fernandez Ignacio J. Martinez Soler Antonio V. Martinez Sanz vicente Colomer Romero Simrad Spain S.L. U Pollgono Partida Torres 38 Villajoyosa Alicante 03570 Spain Institute of Design and Manufacturing Universitat Politkcnica de Valencia Valencia 46022 Spain

The objective of this work is to show the benefits of a new eco-systemic fishing gear installed in three bottom trawlers after one year using it. The study has been based on fuel consumption reduction for the three vessels and the catch in two of them. The new system minimizes the impact of the fishing gear on the seabed, with a reduction on the tow resistance. This generates significant fuel savings that improves the economical result of the fishery, helping the ship owners in the return of investment first, then in the future viability of the operation. Apart of the evident savings due to the fuel consumption reduction, in the long term, the ship owner will notice also savings on maintenance, both because the winches are towing with less tension (longer life for warps, brakes and hydraulic system) and the engine is running at low rpm"s (longer life of the engine and between breakdowns). The new fishing gear does not require any modification on the way that the fisherman is working, only replacing and/or modifying some parts or components of the fishing gear. The implementation is easy and the adjustments required could be done in a couple of days.

关键词：拖网渔船渔具能源效率地中海发动机寿命生态系统燃料消耗投资回报

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Positive Impact of Deficit Irrigation on Physiological Response and Fruit Yield in Citrus Orchards： Implications for Sustainable Water Savings

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2010年第3期4卷 38-44页

作者： I. Garcia-Tejero J. A. Jimenez-Bocanegra V. H. Duran-Zuazo R. Romero-vicente J. L. Muriel-Fernandez IFAPA Centro Las Torres-Tomejil. Ctra. Sevilla-Cazalla Kin. 122.41200. Alcala del Rio Sevilla Spain

Different strategies of deficit irrigation based on water stress dynamics were applied in an 11-year old citrus trees (Citrus sinensis L. Osb. cv. Navelina) grafted on carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis L. Osb.×Poncirus Trifoliata L. Osb.). The trees were subjected to two irrigation treatments: (1) sustainable deficit irrigation (SDI) established with water supplied at 60% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and (2) low frequency deficit irrigation (LFDI) irrigated according to the plant water status. In addition, a treatment irrigated at 100% of ETC was included as a control (C). Midday stem-water potential (? stem), stomatal conductance (gS), and micrometric trunk diameter fluctuations were measured during the maximum evapotranspirative demand period to evaluate the plant-water status, and establish the main relationships among them. The seasonal pattern of the studied variables had a behavior consistent with the contributions made by the volumes of applied irrigation water. Especially significant close relationships of ? stem with gS, and with the maximum daily shrinkage (MDS) were found. The lowest ? stem and gS values were registered in the treatments with lowest irrigations levels (SDI and LFDI), being the MDS was significative higher than in the C treatment. The LFDI showed an oscillating behavior in these parameters, which was on line with the supplied irrigation restrictions cycles. Thus, according to the results of the present experiment the physiological stress indexes based in MDS or ? stem allow establishing different irrigation restriction cycles, encouraging important water saving without significant impact on yield and the fruit quality parameters.

关键词：果实产量生理反应节水果园柑桔灌溉

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