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MODEl.NG SEDIMENT PROCESSES ON SMAl. WATERSHEDS:A CONCEPTUAl.f.AMEWORK Ⅰ. BROAD SHAl.OW f.0}W PROCESSE

International.Journal.of.Sediment Research 1992年第3期 21-44页

作者： vicente l. lopes assistant professor, school of renewable natural resources, the university of arizona, tucson, arizona, 85721 peter f. ffolliott professor, school of renewable natural resources, the university of arizona, 85721

A conceptual.model.ng f.amework f.r devel.ping process-based mathematical.model. of.sediment generation, transport, and deposition on broad shal.ow f.0}w areas is presented. The governing equations rel.vant to process-based model.ng of.broad shal.ow f.0}w sediment processes on smal. watersheds are presented and the ef.ects of.space and time averaging on the predictive equations are described. Starting f.om the most general.one-dimensional. unsteady model.of.sediment processes, simpl.r model.structures are obtained and the successive simpl.f.cations made on the governing equations in order to obtain simpl.r and l.ss detail.d f.rmul.tions are described. Specif.c model.f.rmul.tions are given f.r il.ustrative purposes and appl.cations of.these model. to erosion and sediment yiel. prediction f.om broad shal.ow f.0}w areas are shown using sediment data f.om rainf.l. simul.tor pl.ts. In spite of.some progress made in the devel.pment of.process-based erosion and sediment yiel. model. f.om broad shal.ow f.0}w areas, f.rther devel.pmental.model.ng ef.orts must be based on a cl.ar separation between hydrol.gic and hydraul.c processes, and the soil.properties which are signif.cant f.r each.

关键词： Erosion and sediment yiel., Upl.nd watersheds Broad shal.ow f.0}w processes Conceptual.model.ng f.amework Governing equations Space-time averaging.

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MODEl.NG SEDIMENT PROCESSES ON SMAl. WATERSHEDS: A CONCEPTUAl.f.AMEWORK Ⅱ. CONCENTRATED f.0}W PROCESSES

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International.Journal.of.Sediment Research 1993年第1期 1-23页

作者： vicente l. lopes and peter f. ffolliott assistant professor, school of renewable natural resources, the university of arizona. tucson. arizona. 85721 professor, school of renewable natural resources. the university of arizona, tucson. arizona. 85721

A general.model.ng f.amework is presented f.r devel.ping sediment process model. by concentrated f.0}w systems on smal. watersheds. A survey of.f.ndamental.principl.s f.r devel.ping sediment process model. is made with particul.r emphasis on the ef.ects of.space and time averaging on the governing equations. Starting f.om the most general.one-dimensional. unsteady model.of.sediment processes, simpl.r model.structures are obtained and the successive simpl.f.cations made on the governing equations in order to obtain simpl.r and l.ss detail.d f.rmul.tions are described. Exampl.s of.computer impl.mentations of.the dif.erent approaches using specif.c f.rmul.tions are given. Al.though some progress has been made in model.ng sediment processes by concentrated f.0}w on smal. watersheds. the devel.pment of.improved model.ng approaches shoul. be based on better understanding of.runof. mechanisms and sediment processes as f.nctions of.space and time scal.s over a wide range of.cl.matic and l.nd-use conditions. Identif.cation and quantif.cation of.dif.erences and simil.rities of.watershed behavior remain important and active areas of.experimental.research on process-based sediment model.ng. f.ture research priorities in the area of.runof. and sediment process model.ng must address the devel.pment of.boundary conditions; model.components (system compl.xity); the scal.s over which the equations are val.d: and integration of.the equations in space and time.

关键词： Erosion and sediment yiel. Upl.nd watersheds Concentrated f.0}w processes conceptual.model.ng f.amework Governing equations Space-time averaging.

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