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A new approach towards the sustainability of urban-rural integration:The development strategy for central villages in the Abbasiya District of Iraq using GIS techniques

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Regional Sustainability 2023年第1期4卷 28-43页

作者： ahmed Hussein ALLAWI Haider mohammed Jawad AL-JAZAERI College of Physical Planning University of KufaNajaf54001Iraq

The development of rural areas usually has a positive impact on the urban-rural integration. This study explores an innovative approach to stimulate rural development by proposing qualified villages as central villages that can provide basic urban services for their residents and residents of neighboring villages. This approach can contribute to overcoming the various problems that rural areas faced at the social, economic, and environmental levels. It seeks to achieve spatial sustainability of rural areas, representing a new approach by integrating urban development methods to revitalize rural villages. The study analyzed 15 villages belonging to Abbasiya District of AL Kufa City in the Najaf Governorate of Iraq. Based on the GIS techniques and the analysis of urban service indicators(village population, percentage of urban building materials used in villages, distance between village and health centers, distance between village and main roads, nature of economic activity, distance between village and educational institutions, distance between village and drinking water sources, number of communication towers, and distance between village and urban administrative center), this study proposed that Abu Gharb and Albu Ghraib can served as central villages in Abbasiya District in the future. This study establishes a new rural spatial structure to achieve rural sustainable development, improves the development status of rural areas, and provides a theoretical basis for the government and relevant institutions to use urban service indicators, achieving rural sustainable development and formulating relevant development policies in Abbasiya District.

关键词： Central villages Spatial reorganization Rural sustainable development Urban-rural integration Urban service Abbasiya District Iraq

Sudden death in the southern region of Saudi Arabia:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第20期11卷 4843-4851页

作者： ahmed Mohamed ahmed Al-Emam Abdulrahman Dajam mohammed Alrajhi Waleed Alfaifi Mubarak Al-Shraim ahmed Mohamed Helaly Department of Pathology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAsir 61421Saudi Arabia Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Mansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Medical School King Khalid UniversityAsir 61421Saudi Arabia Clinical Science Faculty of MedicineYarmouk UniversityIrbid 21163Jordan

BACKGROUND Sudden death is unanticipated,non-violent death taking place within the first 24 h after the onset of *** is a major public health problem ***,the effects of living at moderate altitude on mortality are poorly *** To retrospectively report the frequency and the main causes of sudden deaths in relation to total deaths at Asir Central Hospital,2255 m above sea level,in the southern region of Saudi Arabia over a period of 4 years from 2013 to *** The medical records of 1821 deaths were examined and showed 353 cases(19.4%)of sudden *** The highest incidence of sudden death was among the elderly(51%),whereas,the lowest was among children and adolescents(6.5%).With regard to gender,the incidence of sudden death was higher in males(54.4%)compared to 45.6% in *** this study,we found that the most common direct causes of sudden death were cardiovascular diseases(29.2%),respiratory disease(22.7%),infectious disease(12.2%),cancer(9.4%)and hematological diseases(6.2%).With respect to seasonal variation,the highest incidence was during winter(31.32%)followed by summer(25.8%).CONCLUSION The results of this study will help emergency physicians and health care providers to exercise due care to reduce the incidence of sudden death and raise public awareness about the impact of sudden death.

关键词： Sudden death High altitude Cardiovascular Gender distribution Age Seasonal variation

8-HQCdCl_(2)H_(2)O as an organic Q-switcher in erbium laser cavity

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Optoelectronics Letters 2023年第11期19卷 681-685页

作者： MUSTAFA mohammed NAJM mohammed NAJM ABDULLAH AYA A.ALMUKHTAR BELAL ahmed HAMIDA MOH YASIN SULAIMAN WADI HARUN Department of Electrical Engineering Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Computer Engineering University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Medical Instrumentation Engineering Department Al-Esraa University CollegeBaghdadIraq Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaGombakMalaysia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyAirlangga UniversitySurabayaIndonesia Research Center for Biophotonics(RCB) Airlangga UniversitySurabaya60115Indonesia

This paper demonstrated a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)using an organic saturable absorber(SA)based on 8-HQCdCl_(2)H_(2)O *** organic thin film was prepared using the casting *** proposed Q-switched EDFL has a maximum repetition rate of 143 kHz,minimum pulse duration of 1.85μs and the highest pulse energy of 167 *** Q-switched peak laser was at a central wavelength of 1531 nm with a 3 dB bandwidth of 3.52 nm and power intensity of 2.64 dBm.

关键词： switched laser material

Vital Parameters Assessments of Starvation Tolerance of in vitro Populus alba Culture

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 889-902页

作者： Mohamed Fathy ahmed Eman Zakaria ahmed Salman Aloufi mohammed Alqurashi Amal Alyamani Eman Fayad Eman Tawfik Hussien Horticulture Department Faculty of AgricultureAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceHelwan UniversityCairo11795Egypt Department of Biotechnology Faculty of SciencesTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Populus alba is a large woody deciduous *** plant has been introduced to shooting,then multiplication of rooting on Murashige and Skoog(MS)*** work was designed to estimate the effect of two factors(low levels of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and sucrose)on *** response resulting in 6 treatments compared to the control,with twelve measured *** was a significant difference in some measurements in morphology,like plantlets fresh-weight,shoot-,root-length,and leaf *** the physiological measurements,there were significant differences in all the measured *** low concentrations of sucrose and media composition/power(MS grams/L)led to starvation in plants;however,these conditions led to enhancement in some morphological and physiological parameters to overcome the starvation effect,compared to the *** RAPD-PCR molecular marker(four decamers)was used to evaluate the new individuals’genetic variation(instability),resulting in a total polymorphism percentage of 50.83%.It was formerly known that the plantlets were identical to each other and to the mother *** this study,however,the use of distinct media power,hormonal and sucrose levels resulted in molecular variation reflected in ***’s morphological and physiological responses.

关键词： Genetic stability Populus alba RAPD-PCR somaclonal variations starvation

Comparison of different severity scores in correlating hemoglobin levels with the severity of hepatic decompensation: An observational study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2025年第1期17卷 55-63页

作者： Himayat Ullah Sarwat Huma Ghulam Yasin Muhammad Ashraf Nafisa Tahir Qazi Tahir Uddin Hossam Shabana Mostafa A R Hussein Abdulrahman Shalaby Mohammad Mossaad Alsayyad Ashraf Said Ali Farahat Hani Ismail Hamed Hazem Sayed ahmed Ayoub mohammed S Imam Essam Elmahdi Department of Medicine College of Medicine at ShaqraShaqra UniversityShaqra 15526Saudi Arabia Health Professions Education Health Services AcademyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Orthopedics College of Medicine at ShaqraShaqra UniversityShaqra 15526Saudi Arabia Department of Medicine NUST School of Health SciencesIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Surgery College of Medicine at ShaqraShaqra UniversityShaqra 15526Saudi Arabia Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11865Egypt Faculty of Medicine for Boys Al-Azhar UniversityNew Damietta 34517Egypt Faculty of Medicine Mansoura UniversityMansoura 35511Egypt

BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease is a growing global health problem,leading to hepatic decompensation characterized by an array of clinical and biochemical *** scoring systems have been introduced in assessing the severity of hepatic decompensation with the most frequent ones are Child-Pugh score,model of end-stage liver disease(MELD)score,and MELD-Na *** is frequently observed in cirrhotic patients and is linked to worsened clinical *** studies have explored anemia in liver disease,few have investigated the correlation of hemoglobin level with the severity of hepatic *** To determine the relationship between hemoglobin levels and the severity of decompensated liver disease and comparing the strength of this correlation using the Child-Pugh,MELD,and MELD-Na *** This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital with 652 decompensated liver disease patients enrolled in the *** was collected on demographics,clinical history,and laboratory findings,including hemoglobin levels,bilirubin,albumin,prothrombin time(international normalized ratio),sodium,and *** Child-Pugh,MELD,and MELD-Na scores were *** analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26,and correlations between hemoglobin levels and severity scores were assessed using Spearman's correlation *** The study included 405 males(62.1%)and 247 females(37.9%)with an average age of 58.8 *** inverse correlations were found between hemoglobin levels and Child-Pugh,MELD,and MELD-Na scores(P<0.01),with the MELD scoring system being the strongest correlator among ***-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in hemoglobin levels across the severity groups of each scoring system(P=0.001).Tukey's post hoc analysis confirmed significant internal differences among each severity *** Understanding the correlati

关键词： Hepatic decompensation Hemoglobin level Chronic liver disease Child Turcotte Pugh score Model of end-stage liver disease score Model of end-stage liver disease-Na score

Characterization of cobalt ferrite-supported activated carbon for removal of chromium and lead ions from tannery wastewater via adsorption equilibrium

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第3期13卷 202-213页

作者： Muibat Diekola Yahya Kehinde Shola Obayomi mohammed Bello Abdulkadir Yahaya ahmed Iyaka Adeola Grace Olugbenga Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of TechnologyMinnaP.M.B.65Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Landmark UniversityOmu-AranP.M.B.1001Nigeria Department of Chemistry Federal University of TechnologyMinnaP.M.B.65Nigeria

In this experiment,cobalt ferrite-supported activated carbon(CF-AC)was developed and characterized via the wet impregnation method for the removal of Cr and Pb(II)ions from tannery *** adsorption was carried out to evaluate the effect of experimental operating conditions(pH of solution,contact time,adsorbent dose,and temperature),and the removal efficiencies of Cr and Pb(II)ions by the developed adsorbents were calculated and recorded for all experimental *** variables were estimated and reported as removal efficiencies of 98.2%for Cr and 96.4%for Pb(II)ions at the optimal conditions of 5,0.8 g,80 min,and 333 K for pH,adsorbent dose,contact time,and temperature,*** equilibrium for the sorption of Cr and Pb(II)ions was studied using four widely used isotherm models(the Langmuir,Freundlich,Dubinin-Radushkevich,and Temkin isotherm models).It was found that the Freundlich isotherm model fit better with the coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.9484 and a small sum of square error of *** maximum adsorption capacities(Qm)of Pb(II)and Cr adsorbed onto CF-AC were determined to be 6.27 and 23.6 mg/g,*** adsorption process conformed well to pseudo-second order kinetics as revealed by the high R2 values obtained for both *** thermodynamic parameters showed that adsorption of Cr and Pb(II)ions onto CF-AC was spontaneous,feasible,and endothermic under the studied *** mean adsorption energy(E)values revealed that the adsorption mechanism of Cr and Pb(II)by CF-AC is physical in *** results of the study showed that adsorbent developed from CF-AC can be efficiently used as an environmentally friendly alternative adsorbent,for removal of Cr and Pb(II)ions in tannery wastewater.

关键词： Almond husk Cobalt ferrite Equilibrium study Heavy metals Adsorption Removal efficiency

A study on deep learning algorithm performance on weed and crop species identification under different image background

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2022年第1期6卷 242-256页

作者： Sunil G C Cengiz Koparan mohammed Raju ahmed Yu Zhang Kirk Howatt Xin Sun Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering North Dakota State UniversityFargoND 58108USA Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State UniversityPO Box 6050FargoND 58108-6050USA

Weed identification is fundamental toward developing a deep learning-based weed control *** learning algorithms assist to build a weed detection model by using weed and crop *** dynamic environmental conditions such as ambient lighting,moving cameras,or varying image backgrounds could affect the performance of deep learning *** are limited studies on how the different image backgrounds would impact the deep learning algorithms for weed *** objective of this research was to test deep learning weed identification model performance in images with potting mix(non-uniform)and black pebbled(uniform)backgrounds *** weed and crop images were acquired by four canon digital cameras in the greenhouse with both uniform and non-uniform background conditions.A Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Visual Group Geometry(VGG16),and Residual Network(ResNet50)deep learning architectures were used to build weed classification *** model built from uniform background images was tested on images with a non-uniform background,as well as model built from non-uniform background images was tested on images with uniform *** showed that the VGG16 and ResNet50 models built from non-uniform background images were evaluated on the uniform background,achieving models'performance with an average f1-score of 82.75%and 75%,***,the VGG16 and ResNet50 models built from uniform background images were evaluated on the non-uniform background images,achieving models'performance with an average f1-score of 77.5%and 68.4%*** the VGG16 and ResNet50 models'performances were im-proved with average f1-score values between 92%and 99%when both uniform and non-uniform background images were used to build the *** appears that the model performances are reduced when they are tested with images that have different object background than the ones used for building the model.

关键词： Computer vision Deep learning Image background Neural network Weed classification

Study on Rotation-Invariant in Aerial Object Detection using Rotatable Bounding Boxes

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Study on Rotation-Invariant in Aerial Object Detection using...

作者： AL-SOSWA,mohammed ISMAIL ahmed 南京理工大学

学位级别：硕士

目前,神经网络和深度学习的理论与方法广泛应用于计算机视觉和目标检测的研究,其研究成果已广泛用于自动驾驶、航空出行、安防等领域。传统的目标检测方法依靠绘制在目标上的矩形,通过水平和垂直边界框来确定目标位置。航空图像中的物... 详细信息

目前,神经网络和深度学习的理论与方法广泛应用于计算机视觉和目标检测的研究,其研究成果已广泛用于自动驾驶、航空出行、安防等领域。传统的目标检测方法依靠绘制在目标上的矩形,通过水平和垂直边界框来确定目标位置。航空图像中的物体方向随机,密集且周围复杂,因此对传统的物体检测模型构成了挑战。传统的矩形框会忽略物体的方向,从而导致物体定位减少,并且在目标密集情况下重叠的框会限制进一步的处理,例如目标的理解和检测。为了克服这些局限性,本文对目标检测方法进行改进,实现更高效,更精确的检测。首先,修改目标检测边界框的定义,包括旋转,高度,宽度和框的中心点,有效的定位目标并减少背景像素的干扰;其次,应用金字塔特征网络学习多层特征生以检测小面积目标;然后,对边界框的常规编码方案进行了修改以适合提出的可旋转边界框,以便更好地估计目标的方向和位置;最后,为了克服负样本和正样本之间的不平衡问题,将难负样挖掘（Hard Negative Mining,HNM）和焦点损失（focal loss,FL）结合起来使用,从而解决正负样本不平衡的问题。通过分析模型在四个数据集上的目标检测结果,并与（Single Shot Detector,SSD）和Faster R-CNN进行比较,表明本文提出的模型超越了传统的边界框模型,尤其是旋转和密集目标。

关键词：旋转不变性卷积神经网络特征金字塔网络焦点损失可旋转边框目标检测

Natural regeneration of Pinus brutia Ten. in a recreational public forest in Zawita-Kurdistan region, Iraq

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1849-1857页

作者： Hassan Muhamed Sami Youssef ahmed Mustafa Hishyer Suliman Aree Abdulqader Hishyer mohammed Richard Michalet Department of Forestry College of AgricultureUniversity of DuhokDuhokKurdistan RegionIraq AMAP(Botany and Modelling of Plant Architecture and Vegetation) University of Montpellier34398 Montpellier Cedex 5France Department of Ecotourism College of AgricultureUniversity of DuhokDuhokKurdistan RegionIraq Directorate of Forestry and Rangelands DuhokKurdistan RegionIraq UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC Universitede BordeauxAllee Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire CS 5002333615 Pessac CedexFrance

Zawita natural forest has recently has been subject to mass recreational activities during spring that have denuded large areas of the *** was thus essential to assess regeneration before designing optimizing *** this end,we studied the overstory canopy and microhabitat conditions for recruitment of Pinus brutia Ten in 10 plots(20×25 m)on the southern aspects where the Zawita natural forest is still *** total,1540 regenerating *** were recorded,854 seedlings,597 saplings,and 89 *** and saplings were more frequent beyond the canopy than under the canopy of the parent *** requirements differed between seedlings and *** probability of the occurrence of seedlings was negatively correlated with increasing litter depth and increasing soil *** density of saplings only showed a positive significant correlation with increasing *** nearest neighbor index showed a trend toward a positive spatial association between understory shrubs with their neighboring seedlings at a mean distance of 1.6 ***,the study highlighted the requirements for seedling regeneration as a relatively open canopy cover,a light understory litter layer,and noncompacted *** results are a step towards designing effective management and restoration programs.

关键词： Forest structure Litter depth Regeneration niche Spatial pattern Soil compaction