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Institutions and Intellectuals That Configure the Concept of the Environment and Development in Latin America and Its Global Impact

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第9期4卷 1002-1010页

作者： Fernando Estenssoro Eduardo Déves Advanced Studies Institute of Universidad de Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile.

This paper is part of a research into the Latin American thinking on international affairs and a continuation of a line of work on Latin American contributions to the environmental discussion installed in the global political agenda in the early 70s. The premise was that Latin American contributions were initially made by professionals closely related to ECLAC, UNEP and the Bariloche Foundation. These professionals and agencies understood how poverty and backwardness were endured by the majority of the regional and world’s population was one of the main causes of environmental degradation;consequently, overcoming the environmental crisis meant that underdevelopment should be eradicated without delay. This view of the environmental problems was synthesized in the combined concept of “environment and development”, which was also understood in the region as “eco development”. Finally, the broad phenomenon they wanted to describe using the terms “environment and development” was summarized in the concept of sustainable development as defined in the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development report “Our Common Future”.

关键词： Environment and Development Environmental Crisis Latin American Intellectuals World Politics

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匈牙利—中国双边贸易关系研究

匈牙利—中国双边贸易关系研究

作者：柯文迪（K (o|") ves.Kitti）北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

To understand the Chinese-Hungarian trade relations it is important to shortly introduce their role in international trade and interpret their national foreign trade policy. After get more familiar with their positions and motivations on the international markets it is easier to survey how the two countries trade relations evolved and analyze their own "China" and "Hungary" trade policy. The early2000s brought a true turning point for China and for Hungary as well regarding to their role in international trade. After a long negotiation process in2001China finally became a member of the WTO and in2004Hungary entered in the European Union. In the last few years both country set out its very own and significant foreign strategy, which contain lots of economic element. The Hungarian Eastern Opening policy aims to diversify the Hungarian foreign trade by promoting stronger economic relations with the Eastern countries, among with China. The Chinese "One Belt One road" initiative introduced in2013call for revitalize the economic relations all the way of the ancient Silk road by infrastructural developments in the mentioned area. The new policies play important role in the two countries foreign trade relations as well. The study aims to give to the readers an insight into the Chinese-Hungarian trade relations, offers a helping hand to understand the two countries economy and foreign trade policy. Its aim is to reveal the difficulties and deficiencies emerging between their trade transactions and it tries to find answers and solutions for these challenges.

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正方：麻醉导致发育期神经细胞凋亡——目前的实验证据

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麻醉与镇痛 2009年第5期5卷 6-10页

作者： ves.na Jevtovic-Todorovic Neuroscience 张宇(译) 米卫东(校) Departments of Anesthesiology and Neuroscience University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville Virginia Department of Psychiatry WA University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri 不详

8年前，Ikonomidou等报道谷氨酸受体N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸（NMDA）亚型阻滞剂可使幼龄大鼠脑发生广泛的神经细胞凋亡。随后的系列研究确认多种药物可致幼龄大鼠或小鼠发生类似的神经变性，这些药物包括：（1）GABAA受体激动剂；（2）拮抗... 详细信息

8年前，Ikonomidou等报道谷氨酸受体N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸（NMDA）亚型阻滞剂可使幼龄大鼠脑发生广泛的神经细胞凋亡。随后的系列研究确认多种药物可致幼龄大鼠或小鼠发生类似的神经变性，这些药物包括：（1）GABAA受体激动剂；（2）拮抗NMDA受体和激动GABA。受体的乙醇；（3）抗癫痫药物，包括能激动GABAA受体和阻滞Na离子通道的药物；

关键词：神经细胞凋亡 N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸 GABAA受体发育期 A受体激动剂抗癫痫药物谷氨酸受体证据

Creation and Evaluation of a Multi-sensory Virtual Assembly Environment

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第2期5卷 163-173页

作者： Adrian r L Travis Department of Engineering University of Cambridge

The multi-modal information presentation, integrated into the virtual environment （VE）, has potential for stimulating different senses, improving the user＇s impression of immersion, and increasing the amount of information that is accepted and processed by the user＇s perception system. The increase of the useful feedback information may reduce the user＇s cognitive load, thus enhancing the user＇s efficiency and performance while interacting with ves. This paper presents our creation of a multi-sensory virtual assembly environment （VAE） and the evaluation of the effects of multi-sensory feedback on the usability. The VAE brings together complex technologies such as constraint-based assembly simulation, optical motion tracking technology, and real-time 3D sound generation technology around a virtual reality workbench and a common software platform. The usability evaluation is in terms of its three attributes： efficiency of use, user satisfaction, and reliability. These are addressed by using task completion times （TCTs）, questionnaires, and human performance error rates （HPErs）, respectively. Two assembly tasks have been used to perform the experiments, using sixteen participants. The outcomes showed that the multi-sensory feedback could improve the usability. They also indicated that the integrated feedback offered better usability than either feedback used in isolation. Most participants preferred the integrated feedback to either feedback （visual or auditory） or no feedback. The participants＇ comments demonstrated that nonrealistic or inappropriate feedback had negative effects on the usability, and easily made them feel frustrated. The possible reasons behind the outcomes are also analysed by using a unifying human computer interaction framework. The implications, concluded from the outcomes of this work, can serve as useful guidelines for improving VE system design and implementation.

关键词： Usability virtual environment (VE) assembly simulation multi-sensory feedback task performance

Viscoelastic Models for Passive Arterial Wall Dynamics

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第2期1卷 151-165页

作者： D.Valdez-Jasso H.T.Banks M.A.Haider D.Bia Y.Zocalo r.L.Armentano M.S.Olufsen Department of Mathematics and Center for research in Scientific Computation NC State UniversityCampus Box 8205RaleighNC 27695 Departmento de Fisiologia Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de La RepublicaGeneral Flores 2125PC:11800MontevideoUruguay Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad FavaloroAvda.Belgrano 1723Capital FederalBuenos AiresArgentina

This paper compares two models predicting elastic and viscoelastic properties of large *** compared include a Kelvin(standard linear)model and an extended 2-term exponential linear viscoelastic *** were validated against in-vitro data from the ovine thoracic descending aorta and the carotid *** of blood pressure data were used as an input to predict ves.sel cross-sectional *** properties were predicted by estimating a set of model parameters that minimize the difference between computed and measured values of the cross-sectional *** model comparison was carried out using generalized analysis of variance type statistical *** the thoracic descending aorta,results suggest that the extended 2-term exponential model does not improve the ability to predict the observed cross-sectional area data,while for the carotid artery the extended model does statistically provide an improved fit to the *** is in agreement with the fact that the aorta displays more complex nonlinear viscoelastic dynamics,while the stiffer carotid artery mainly displays simpler linear viscoelastic dynamics.

关键词： Arterial wall modeling dynamic viscoelastic models inverse problems statistical analysis for model comparison

Magnesite and talc origin in the sequence of geodynamic events in Veporicum, Inner Western Carpathians, Slovakia

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岩石学报 2004年第4期20卷 837-854页

作者： Zoltán NMETH Walter PrOCHASKA Martin rADVANEC Martin KOV■IK Ján MADArAS Peter KOD■rA L'ubomír HrA■KO Geological Survey of Slovak republic Jesenskeho 8 SK-040 01 Kosice Slovak Republic Department of Geological Sciences University of Leoben A-8700 Leoben Austria Geological Survey of Slovak republic Marku ovsk cesta 1 SK-052 01 Spisska Nova Ves Slovak Republic Geological Survey of Slovak republic Mlynsk dolina 1 SK-817 04 Bratislava Slovak Republic

This paper summarizes recent data about magnesite and talc genesis in Carboniferous host rocks of Western Carpathians (Slovakia) , which occur in two distinct belts in tectonic superunit Veporicum and its contact zone with Gemericum. The northern Sinec magnesite and talc belt (with main deposits Kokava, Sinec, Samo, Hnust'a-Mutnik) contains economic accummulation of magnesite and talc, while in the southern Ochtina belt ( main deposits in Dubrava massif-Dubrava, Mikova, Jedl'ovec; Lubenik, Ochtina, Kosice-Bankov, Banisko, Medvedia) the magnesite is *** magnesite genesis by successive replacement of Carboniferous calcite to dolomite and magnesite during metamorphic process Ml (northern belt 280-400℃; , southern belt 370-420℃: ; radvanec & Prochaska, 2001; Kodera & radvanec, 2002) , being supplied by Mg from Permoscythian evaporitic bittern brines, relates to Variscan post-collisional (post-VD) evolution. The extensional tectonics and the high heat flow facilitated the generation of a hydrothermal *** time-separated later metamorphic and sourcely different fluid flow event (M2; 1. c. ) produced talc. Tectonic, microtectonic, metamorphic and geochronological data relate the talc origin with the Alpine Upper Cretaceous (88-84 Ma; Maluski in Kovacik et al. , 1996) tectonothermal event AD2. This event, being the consequence of Alpine collisional ( AD1 ) crustal thickening and metamorphic core complex origin, meant regional extension and pervasive fluid flow of open system in crustal discontinuities. This process was prominent in the northern belt ( Sinec shear zone) located more closely to Veporic thermal dome, while towards its peripheral parts (southern Ochtina belt) the M2 metamorphic process and steatitization gradually *** from Sinec shear zone (being the prominent AD2 -AD3 structure of northern Sinec belt) , where the dolomite/magnesite lenses (replacement in M1) and their accompanying lithology were in AD1 sandwitched between more com

关键词： Magnesite and talc genesis Geodynamic evolution Shear zones Microstructures Fluid inclusions WesternCarpathians

α-Vitamin E derivative, rrr-α-tocopheryloxybutyric acid inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第1期9卷 31-39页

作者： Eugene Chang Jing Ni Yi Yin Chiu-Chun Lin Philip Chang Nadine S. James Sherry r. Chemler Shuyuan Yeh Departments of Urology and Pathology University of Rochester Rochester NY 14642 USA Department of Chemistry The State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14260 USA

Aim： To inves.igate the activity of rrr-α-tocopheryloxybutyric acid （TOB）, an ether analog of rrr-α-tocopheryl succinate （ves., in prostate cancer cells. Methods： ves.and TOB were used to treat prostate cancer LNCaP, PC3, and 22rvl cells and primary-cultured prostate fibroblasts. The proliferation rates were determined by MTT assay, the cell viabilities were determined by trypan blue exclusion assay, and the cell deaths were evaluated by using Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. The protein expression levels were determined by Western blot analysis. results： The MTT growth assay demonstrated that TOB could effectively suppress the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, but not normal prostate fibroblasts. Mechanism dissections revealed that TOB reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells similar to ves. In addition, both TOB and ves.suppressed prostate-specific antigen （PSA） at the transcriptional level leading to reduced PSA protein expression. Furthermore, vitamin D receptor （VDr） expression increased after the addition of TOB. Conclusion： Our data suggests that the ves.derivative, TOB, is effective in inhibiting prostate cancer cell proliferation, suggesting that TOB could be used for both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic purposes in the future.

关键词： α-tocopheryloxybutyric acid α-vitamin E succinate prostate cancer prostate-specific antigen vitamin D receptor LNCaP PC3, 22rvl

THE FrEQUENCY MODULATION OF SHOrT WAves.BY NON-UNIFOrM VELOCITY FIELDS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 1999年第2期11卷 49-55页

作者： Shen Yi-fan(Dept. of Mechanics and Eng. Sci., Fudan University, Shanghai 200433,P. r. China)W J Easson(Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK)

In this study we particularly concentrate on the problem of short wave energy modufated by long waves.which is considered as a non-uniform velocity. In theory ithas been concluded that the wavelengths /amplitudes of short wa ves.become shorter/largerin the crest of the long waves.and the wavelengths/ amplitudes of the short waves.becomelonger/smaller in the trough of the long waves. Wave energy is proportional to the squareof wave amplitude. That means the energy of the short waves.becomes larger in the crestof long waves.and smaller in the trough of the long waves. In this study, the experimentalfrequency medulation is applicable to be compared with the theoretical approach. The elevation-time series of monochromatic and two-component waves.from a wave gauge aremeasured and used to calculate the modulation frequency of short waves.riding onmonochromatic long waves. The experimental modulated frequency shows similar trendsto the numerical results, which are based on Stokes’expansions for the numerical solutionof monochromatic long waves. and the theory of phase conservation while short waves.riding on a monochromatic long wave. It is found that the experimental modulated frequencyof short waves.is bound in a narrow strip along the long wave phase and is periodic withrespect to the long wave period. Besides, the results demonstrate the maximum/minimummodulated frequency of the short train occurs near of at the crest/trough of the long waveand, with increasing the steepness of the long waves. the modulated short wave frequencyon the long wave crest increases.

关键词： wave modulation wave interaction

Vision Enhancement for Maritime Search and rescue

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Vision Enhancement for Maritime Search and Rescue