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The Use of the PCR-Based Dot-Blot Hybridization Assay to Detect Resistance Markers to Rifampicin and Streptomycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from the SW Region of Cameroon

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2016年第2期4卷 72-79页

作者： Irene Ane-Anyangwe Wilfred Fon Mbacham Henry Dilonga Meriki Teyim Pride Theresa Nkuo-Akenji veronique mbeng penlap Leopold Djomkam Tietcheu Damian Nota Anong Akindeh Mbuh Nji Vincent P. K. Titanji Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Laboratory for Public Health Research Biotechnologies Biotechnology Centre University of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Mezam Polyclinic Bamenda Cameroon

Drug sensitivity testing to establish resistance to TB drugs takes many months to arrive at. Public health physicians have difficulties with such an approach due to long wait periods and cannot use it to establish community wide prevalence as a way to understand where resistance may be emerging faster and to limit its spread. The objective of this study was to use the dot-blot hybridization technique in the detection of resistance to rifamycin (RIF) and streptomycin (SM) in South- Western Cameroon and to compare the technique with the routine culture and drug susceptibility testing for detecting resistance in a resource poor country, Cameroon. A hospital-based study was conducted at the Regional hospitals of Buea and Limbe and Tiko Central Clinic. Tuberculosis (TB) patients aged 15 to 50 (mean age: 30.50 ± 8.33 standard deviation) were recruited for the study between December 2006 and April 2007. Cultures from 59 patients were tested for rifampicin and streptomycin sensitivity by the modified proportion method and mutational analysis for rpoB codon 516 and rrs codon 513 was performed by the dot-blot hybridization technique. Of the 59 sputum samples collected (36 were males and 23 were females) came from Buea 19 (32.2%), Limbe 20 (33.9%) and Tiko 20 (33.9%) towns respectively. Amplification for the gene showed that there was (59) 100% amplification with primers used for rpoB genes and 43 (72.9%) amplification with primers used for the rrs gene. Mutational analysis demonstrated that resistance to RIF was common in females (52.1%) than males (41.7%) while 6% of the samples were indeterminate. 12 (20.3%) samples showed phenotypic and genotypic resistance to RIF compared to 34 samples (58.1%) for SM. Phenotypic resistance and genotypic susceptibility were found in 5 (8.5%) RIF and 3 (4.7%) SM compared to phenotypic susceptibility and genotypic resistance that were found in 2 (3.5%) RIF and 3(4.7%) SM. Double mutation on rpoB and rrs genes occurred in 8 (13.6%) DNA sample

关键词： PCR-Based DOT-Blot Analysis Rifamycin Streptomycin SW Region

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High infection rates for onchocerciasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in children under fve not receiving preventive chemotherapy:a bottleneck to elimination

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 86-87页

作者： Hugues C.Nana-Djeunga Linda Djune-Yemeli Andre Domche Cyrille Donfo-Azafack Arnauld Efon-Ekangouo Cedric Lenou-Nanga Narcisse Nzune-Toche Yves Aubin Balog Jean Gabin Bopda Steve Mbickmen-Tchana Velavan P.Tirumalaisamy veronique penlap‑Beng Francine Ntoumi Joseph Kamgno Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases(CRFilMT) YaoundeCameroon 不详

Background:The current mainstay for control/elimination of onchocerciasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)relies on ivermectin-and mebendazole/albendazole-based preventive ***,children under fve years of age have been excluded in both research activities and control programs,because they were believed to have insignifcant infection *** is therefore a need for up-to-date knowledge on the prevalence and inten‑sity of STH and onchocerciasis infections in this age *** study aimed at assessing the rates and intensities of onchocerciasis and STH infections in children under fve years of age who are excluded from ivermectin-or mebenda‑zole/albendazole-based preventive ***:A series of cross-sectional surveys was conducted in four Health Districts in the Centre and Littoral Regions of Cameroon between 2018 and *** subjects aged 2 to 4 years,were screened for prevalence(or infection rate)and intensity[number of eggs per gram of stool(epg)or number of microflariae per skin snip(mf/ss)]of STH and onchocerciasis infections respectively using the Kato-Katz and skin snip ***-square and the nonparametric tests(Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis)were used to compare infection rates and intensities of infections between Health Districts and genders,***:A total of 421 children were enrolled in this *** overall prevalence of onchocerciasis was 6.6%[95% confdence interval(CI):4.3‒9.9],ranging from 3.6%(in the Ntui Health District)to 12.2%(in the Bafa Health District).The intensity of infection ranged from 0.5 to 46 microflariae per skin snip[median:5;interquartile range(IQR):2.25‒8.5].The overall prevalence of STH was 9.6%(95%CI:6.5‒13.9),with a high infection rate(29.6%)in the Akonolinga Health *** STH species(Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura)were found among infected *** median intensities of STH infections were 1,992 epg(IQR:210‒28,704)and 96 epg(IQR:48‒

关键词： Onchocerciasis Soil-transmitted helminthiasis Preventive chemotherapy Children under fve Cameroon

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Estimates of Genetic Variability of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>Complex and Its Association with Drug Resistance in Cameroon

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 55-59页

作者： Larissa Kamgue Sidze Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu Christopher Kuaban Jean-Paul Assam Assam Jean-Claude Tedom Stefan Niemann Matthias Frank Véronique N. penlap Beng Institute for Tropical Medicine University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany Laboratory for Tuberculosis Research Biotechnology Centre of Nkolbisson (BTC) University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Pneumology Unit Jamot Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Research Centre Borstel Molecular Mycobacteriology Borstel Germany

The present study investigates the genetic diversity among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex circulating in the Centre region of Cameroon and analyzes the relationship between genotypes and drug resistance patterns. Spoligotyping was performed by PCR-amplification followed by the reverse hybridization of 298 cultured specimens. Spoligotypes patterns were identified by comparison to reference strains in SPolDB4 database via the MIRU VNTR plus web application. About 97.65% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases were attributed to M. tuberculosis. A total of 65 different profiles were identified. Of these, 40 were represented as Shared Types (ST) while the others were orphans. LAM10_CAM and Haarlem families were the most prevalent genetic families with 51.01% and 14.09% respectively. ST 61, a member of the LAM10_ CAM family formed the largest cluster with 128 (42.95%) isolates. No association was found between genotypes with regard to drug resistance and HIV sero-status. However, there was a significant association between genotypes and age groups. Patients belonging to 15 - 24 and 35 - 44 age groups were more likely infected by LAM10_CAM strains compared to others. The population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains from the Centre region was found to be diverse and the spoligotype 61 of the LAM10_CAM family was highly predominant. Isolates of the LAM10_CAM seem to be not associated with drug resistance.

关键词： M. tuberculosis Spoligotyping LAM10_CAM

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Isolation of Bacteria with Purifying Potential and Application in the Treatment of Effluents from an Artisanal Palm Oil Mill in the Littoral Region of Cameroon

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第7期12卷 462-471页

作者： Djien Nyami Félicité Noubou Takam Daïna Fobasso Tagnikeu Roméo Tcheugoue Styve Joël Njicoumbe Fatima Ndzobo Ndzana Joël Kuessie Yanick Bella Josiane Foncha Felix Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo Véronique penlap Beng Tavea Fréderic Marie Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Yaounde Cameroon Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroun Department of biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon

It is with the aim of solving the problem of generating large quantities of effluents from palm oil production in the littoral region of Cameroon that this study was carried out with the general objective of reducing the pollutant load of these effluents by using bacteria. To this end, raw palm oil mill wastewater samples were taken for their characterization by evaluating the in-situ (Temperature, pH and (CND) Conductivity) and ex-situ (SS (suspended solid), COD (chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biological oxygen demand) and O/F (oil and fat)) parameters. In addition, bacterial isolation and screening were carried out from samples of contaminated soil based on the production of lipolytic enzymes, the degradation of oils and fats and the reduction of the pollutant load. Results revealed that 28 isolates were able to reduce the pollution parameters of palm oil mill effluents of which D17, D22 and D23 seemed to be the best purifying isolates. The characterization of the POME (palm oil mill effluent), basing the temperature, pH, CND, O/F, SS, BOD and COD showed us values greater than the recommended rate. Partial characterization of these isolates revealed that D17 and D23 are bacteria that could reduce the polluting parameters of the effluents belonged to the Bacillus sp. genus and D22 to the Acinetobacter sp. genus. These results are satisfactory and the bacteria strains obtained could be used in bioremediation.

关键词： Palm Oil Mill Effluent Bacteria Pollution Cameroon

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