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Compact and effective photon-resolved image scanning microscope

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 84-95页

作者： Giorgio Tortarolo Alessandro Zunino Simonluca piazza Mattia Donato Sabrina Zappone Agnieszka Pierzyńska-Mach Marco Castello Giuseppe Vicidomini Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Molecular Microscopy and SpectroscopyGenoaItaly Genoa Instruments GenoaItaly University of Genoa Dipartimento di InformaticaBioingegneriaRobotica e Ingegneria dei SistemiGenoaItaly Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Nanoscopy and NIC@IITGenoaItaly École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Laboratory of Experimental BiophysicsLausanneSwitzerland

Fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy(LSM)is one of the most popular tools for life science research.This popularity is expected to grow thanks to single-photon array detectors tailored for LSM.These detectors offer unique single-photon spatiotemporal information,opening new perspectives for gentle and quantitative superresolution imaging.However,a flawless recording of this information poses significant challenges for the microscope data acquisition(DAQ)system.We present a DAQ module based on the digital frequency domain principle,able to record essential spatial and temporal features of photons.We use this module to extend the capabilities of established imaging techniques based on single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)array detectors,such as fluorescence lifetime image scanning microscopy.Furthermore,we use the module to introduce a robust multispecies approach encoding the fluorophore excitation spectra in the time domain.Finally,we combine time-resolved stimulated emission depletion microscopy with image scanning microscopy,boosting spatial resolution.Our results demonstrate how a conventional fluorescence laser scanning microscope can transform into a simple,information-rich,superresolved imaging system with the simple addition of a SPAD array detector with a tailored data acquisition system.We expected a blooming of advanced single-photon imaging techniques,which effectively harness all the sample information encoded in each photon.

关键词： fluorescence lifetime image scanning microscopy digital frequency domain single photon

Clinical Significance of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endodeoxyribonuclease 1 and MicroRNA Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第6期11卷 1291-1307页

作者： Giovanna Mangiapane Devis Pascut Emiliano Dalla Giulia Antoniali Monica Degrassi Lory Saveria Crocè veronica De Sanctis Silvano piazza Giulia Canarutto Claudio Tiribelli Gianluca Tell Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair Department of MedicineUniversity of UdineUdineItaly Fondazione Italiana Fegato-ONLUS Liver Cancer UnitTriesteItaly Department of Medical Sciences University of TriesteTriesteItaly Clinica Patologie Fegato Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina(ASUGI)TriesteItaly NGS Core Facility Department CIBIOUniversity of TrentoTrentoItaly Computational Biology International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyICGEBTriesteItaly

Background and Aims:Identification of prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)opens new perspectives for therapy.Circulating and cellular onco-miRNAs are noncoding RNAs which can control the expression of genes involved in oncogenesis through post-transcriptional mechanisms.These microRNAs(miRNAs)are considered novel prognostic and predictive factors in HCC.The apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1(APE1)contributes to the quality control and processing of specific onco-miRNAs and is a negative prognostic factor in several tumors.The present work aims to:a)define APE1 prognostic value in HCC;b)identify miRNAs regulated by APE1 and their relative target genes and c)study their prognostic value.Methods:We used The Cancer Genome Atlas(commonly known as TCGA)data analysis to evaluate the expression of APE1 in HCC.To identify differentially-expressed miRNAs(DEmiRNAs)upon APE1 depletion through specific small interfering RNA,we used NGS and nanostring approaches in the JHH-6 HCC tumor cell line.Bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify signaling pathways involving APE1-regulated miRNAs.Microarray analysis was performed to identify miRNAs correlating with serum APE1 expression.Results:APE1 is considerably overexpressed in HCC tissues compared to normal liver,according to the TCGA-liver HCC(known as LIHC)dataset.Enrichment analyses showed that APE1-regulated miRNAs are implicated in signaling and metabolic pathways linked to cell proliferation,transformation,and angiogenesis,identifying Cyclin Dependent Kinase 6 and Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein 2 as targets.miR-33a-5p,miR-769,and miR-877 are related to lower overall survival in HCC patients.Through array profiling,we identified eight circulating DE-miRNAs associated with APE1 overexpression.A training phase identified positive association between sAPE1 and miR-3180-3p and miR-769.Conclusions:APE1 regulates specific miRNAs having prognostic value in HCC.

关键词： APE1 miRNAs Prognostic factors Hepatocellular carcinoma

The interaction between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade and PKG activation in cancer

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第3期31卷 189-196页

作者： Kevin Lee Gary A piazza Drug Discovery Research Center Mitchell Cancer InstituteUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAL 36604-1405USA

The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade has been well studied and documented in colorectal cancer（CRC）.The long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs（NSAIDs） has been shown to reduce the incidence and risk of death from CRC in numerous epidemiological studies.The NSA1 D sulindac has also been reported to cause regression of precancerous adenomas in individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis who are at high risk of developing CRC.The mechanism responsible for cancer chemopreventive activity of NSAIDs is not well understood but may be unrelated to their cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity.Emerging evidence suggests that sulindac inhibits the growth of colon tumor cells by suppressing the activity of certain phosphodiesterase isozymes to activate cGMβ-dependent protein kinase,PKG,through the elevation of the second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphote,cGMP.PKG activation has been shown to inhibit the nuclear translocation of β-catenin,reduce β-catenin mRNA and protein levels,and suppress the transcriptional activity of β-catenin.This review describes the relationship between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade and the activation of PKG through PDE inhibition and elevation of intracellular cGMP levels.

关键词： Wnt β-catenin PKG cGMP PDE NSAID colon cancer breast cancer

Role of stem cells-based in facial nerve reanimation:A meta-analysis of histological and neurophysiological outcomes

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第6期14卷 420-428页

作者： Luca Ricciardi Resi Pucci Amedeo piazza Giorgio Lofrese Alba Scerrati Nicola Montemurro Antonino Raco Massimo Miscusi Tamara Ius Marco Zeppieri Division of Neurosurgery AOU Sant’AndreaDepartment of NESMOSSapienza UniversityRome 00189Italy Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences Sapienza UniversityRome 00161Italy Division of Neurosurgery Ospedale BufaliniCesena 47521Italy Department of Neurosurgery Sant'Anna University HospitalS.Anna University HospitalFerrara 44121Italy Department of Morphology Surgery and Experimental MedicineUniversity of FerraraFerrara 44121Italy Department of Neurosurgery Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria PisanaPisa 56126Italy Neurosurgery Unit Department of NeurosciencesSanta Maria della Misericordia University HospitalUdine 33100Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy

BACKGROUND Treatments involving stem cell(SC)usage represent novel and potentially interesting alternatives in facial nerve reanimation.Current literature includes the use of SC in animal model studies to promote graft survival by enhancing nerve fiber growth,spreading,myelinization,in addition to limiting fibrotic degeneration after surgery.However,the effectiveness of the clinical use of SC in facial nerve reanimation has not been clarified yet.AIM To investigate the histological,neurophysiological,and functional outcomes in facial reanimation using SC,compared to autograft.METHODS Our study is a systematic review of the literature,consistently conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement guidelines.The review question was:In facial nerve reanimation on rats,has the use of stem cells revealed as effective when compared to autograft,in terms of histological,neurophysiological,and functional outcomes?Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted on histological and neurophysiological data from the included comparative studies.RESULTS After screening 148 manuscript,five papers were included in our study.43 subjects were included in the SC group,while 40 in the autograft group.The meta-analysis showed no significative differences between the two groups in terms of myelin thickness[CI:-0.10(-0.20,0.00);I^(2)=29%;P=0.06],nerve fibers diameter[CI:0.72(-0.93,3.36);I^(2)=72%;P=0.6],compound muscle action potential amplitude[CI:1.59(0.59,3.77);I^(2)=89%;P=0.15]and latency[CI:0.66(-1.01,2.32);I^(2)=67%;P=0.44].The mean axonal diameter was higher in the autograft group[CI:0.94(0.60,1.27);I^(2)=0%;P≤0.001].CONCLUSION The role of stem cells in facial reanimation is still relatively poorly studied,in animal models,and available results should not discourage their use in future studies on human subjects.

关键词： Facial nerve Palsy Reanimation Coaptation Stem cells Nerve fibers Functional outcome

Unsupervised Electric Motor Fault Detection by Using Deep Autoencoders

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第2期6卷 441-451页

作者： Emanuele Principi Damiano Rossetti Stefano Squartini Francesco piazza the Department of Information Engineering Università Politecnica delle Marche Loccioni Group Angeli di Rosora IEEE

Fault diagnosis of electric motors is a fundamental task for production line testing, and it is usually performed by experienced human operators. In the recent years, several methods have been proposed in the literature for detecting faults automatically. Deep neural networks have been successfully employed for this task, but, up to the authors' knowledge, they have never been used in an unsupervised scenario. This paper proposes an unsupervised method for diagnosing faults of electric motors by using a novelty detection approach based on deep autoencoders. In the proposed method, vibration signals are acquired by using accelerometers and processed to extract LogMel coefficients as features. Autoencoders are trained by using normal data only, i.e., data that do not contain faults. Three different autoencoders architectures have been evaluated: the multilayer perceptron(MLP) autoencoder, the convolutional neural network autoencoder, and the recurrent autoencoder composed of long short-term memory(LSTM) units. The experiments have been conducted by using a dataset created by the authors, and the proposed approaches have been compared to the one-class support vector machine(OC-SVM) algorithm. The performance has been evaluated in terms area under curve(AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the results showed that all the autoencoder-based approaches outperform the OCSVM algorithm. Moreover, the MLP autoencoder is the most performing architecture, achieving an AUC equal to 99.11 %.

关键词： Autoencoder convolutional neural networks electric motor fault detection long short-term memory neural networks novelty detection

Radon-Nikodym Derivatives of Finitely Additive Interval Measures Taking Values in a Banach Space with Basis

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2012年第2期28卷 219-234页

作者： Benedetto BONGIORNO Luisa DI piazza Kazimierz MUSIAL Department of Mathematics University of Palermo Institut of Mathematics Wroclaw University

Let X be a Banach space with a Schauder basis （en）, and let Ф（I） =∑^∞n=1 en ft fn（t）dt be a finitely additive interval measure on the unit interval [0, 1], where the integrals are taken in the sense of Henstock-Kurzweil. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for Ф to be the indefinite integral of a Henstock Kurzweil-Pettis （or Henstock, or variational Henstock） integrable function f ： [0, 1] → X.

关键词： Henstock Kurzweil integral Henstock-Kurzweil-Pettis integral Henstock integral variational Henstock integral Pettis integral

Transcriptional regulation of MdmiR285N microRNA in apple(Malus x domestica)and the heterologous plant system Arabidopsis thaliana

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1501-1514页

作者： Valerio Pompili Stefano piazza Mingai Li Claudio Varotto Mickael Malnoy Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachVia E.Mach 1San Michele all’Adige 38010Italy Department of Agricultural FoodEnvironmental and Animal SciencesUniversitàdegli Studi di UdineVia delle Scienze 206Udine 33100Italy Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology Research and Innovation CentreFondazione Edmund MachVia E.Mach 1San Michele all’Adige 38010Italy

Malus x domestica microRNA MdmiR285N is a potential key regulator of plant immunity,as it has been predicted to target 35 RNA transcripts coding for different disease resistance proteins involved in plant defense to pathogens.In this study,the promoter region of MdmiR285N was isolated from the apple genome and analyzed in silico to detect potential regulatory regions controlling its transcription.A complex network of putative regulatory elements involved in plant growth and development,and in response to different hormones and stress conditions,was identified.Activity of theβ-Glucoronidase(GUS)reporter gene driven by the promoter of MdmiR285N was examined in transgenic apple,demonstrating that MdmiR285N was expressed during the vegetative growth phase.Similarly,in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana,spatial and temporal patterns of GUS expression revealed that MdmiR285N was differentially regulated during seed germination,vegetative phase change,and reproductive development.To elucidate the role of MdmiR285N in plant immunity,MdmiR285N expression in wild-type apple plants and GUS activity in transgenic apple and Arabidopsis thaliana plants were monitored in response to Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae pv.Tomato DC3000.A significant decrease of MdmiR285N levels and GUS expression was observed during host-pathogen infections.Overall,these data suggest that MdmiR285N is involved in the biotic stress response,plant growth,and reproductive development.

关键词： plant Arabidopsis immunity

Helicobacter pylori eradication: Sequential therapy and Lactobacillus reuteri supplementation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第43期18卷 6250-6254页

作者： Cesare Efrati Giorgia Nicolini Claudio Cannaviello Nicole piazza O'Sed Stefano Valabrega Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Israelitic Hospital 00148 Rome Italy General Surgery Division S Andrea Hospital University "La Sapienza" 00189 Rome Italy

AIM:To evaluate the role of sequential therapy and Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri ) supplementation, in the eradication treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ). METHODS:H. pylori infection was diagnosed in 90 adult dyspeptic patients. Patients were excluded if previously treated for H. pylori infection or if they were taking a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), H2-receptor antagonist or antibiotics. Patients were assigned to receive one of the following therapies:(1) 7-d triple therapy (PPI plus clarithromycin and amoxicillin or metronidazole) plus L. reuteri supplementation dur- ing antibiotic treatment; (2) 7-d triple therapy plus L. reuteri supplementation after antibiotic treatment; (3) sequential regimen (5-d PPI plus amoxicillin therapy followed by a 5-d PPI, clarithromycin and tinidazole) plus L. reuteri supplementation during antibiotic treatment; and (4) sequential regimen plus L. reuteri supplementation after antibiotic treatment. Successful eradication therapy was defined as a negative urea breath test at least 4 wk following treatment. RESULTS:Ninety adult dyspeptic patients were en- rolled, and 83 (30 male, 53 female; mean age 57 ± 13 years) completed the study. Nineteen patients were administered a 7-d triple treatment:11 with L. reuteri supplementation during and 8 after therapy. Sixty-four patients were administered a sequential regimen:32 with L. reuteri supplementation during and 32 after therapy. The eradication rate was significantly higher in the sequential group compared with the 7-d triple regimen (88% vs 63%, P = 0.01). No difference was found between two types of PPI. No difference in erad- ication rates was observed between patients submitted to L. reuteri supplementation during or after antibiotic treatment. Compliance with therapy was excellent in all patients. No difference in adverse effects was observed between the different antibiotic treatments and between patients submitted to L. reuteri supplementation during and after antibiotic treatment. There was a low incidence of advers

关键词：幽门螺旋杆菌乳杆菌疗法序贯根除抗生素治疗治疗作用幽门螺杆菌

From advanced diagnosis to advanced resection in early neoplastic colorectal lesions:Never-ending and trending topics in the 2020s

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第7期14卷 632-655页

作者： Francesco Auriemma Sandro Sferrazza Mario Bianchetti Maria Flavia Savarese Laura Lamonaca Danilo Paduano Nicole piazza Enrica Giuffrida Lupe Sanchez Mete Alessandra Tucci Sebastian Manuel Milluzzo Chiara Iannelli Alessandro Repici Benedetto Mangiavillano Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit Humanitas Mater DominiCastellanza 21053Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Santa Chiara HospitalTrento 38014Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit San Giuseppe Hospital-MultimedicaMilan 20123Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy General HospitalSanremo 18038Italy Gastroenterology Unit IRCCS Policlinico San DonatoSan Donato MilaneseDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for HealthUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit A.O.U.Policlinico"G.Giaccone"Palermo 90127Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRome 00144Italy Department of Gastroenterology Molinette HospitalCittàdella salute e della Scienza di TorinoTurin 10126Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit and Gastroenterology Fondazione PoliambulanzaBrescia 25100Italy Department of Health Sciences Magna Graecia UniversityCatanzaro 88100Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit and Gastroenterology Humanitas Clinical and Research Center and Humanitas UniversityRozzano 20089Italy Biomedical Science HunimedPieve Emanuele 20090Italy Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit Humanitas Mater DominiCastellanzaVarese 21053Italy

Colonoscopy represents the most widespread and effective tool for the prevention and treatment of early stage preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in the panorama of cancer screening.In the world there are different approaches to the topic of colorectal cancer prevention and screening:different starting ages(45-50 years);different initial screening tools such as fecal occult blood with immunohistochemical or immune-enzymatic tests;recto-sigmoidoscopy;and colonoscopy.The key aspects of this scenario are composed of a proper bowel preparation that ensures a valid diagnostic examination,experienced endoscopist in detection of preneoplastic and early neoplastic lesions and open-minded to upcoming artificial intelligence-aided examination,knowledge in the field of resection of these lesions(from cold-snaring,through endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection,up to advanced tools),and management of complications.

关键词： Colorectal lesions Colorectal tumor Endoscopic submucosal dissection Endoscopic mucosal resection Cold-endoscopic mucosal resection FTRD® Complications Adverse events Polypectomy