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玻利维亚过去30年土地覆被变化

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2007年第B11期36卷 565-571页

作者： Timothy J.Killeen veronica calderon Liliana Soria Belem Quezada Marc K.Steininger Grady Harper Luis A.Solórzano Compton J.Tucker 田玉军马国霞生物多样性应用科学中心(CABS) 生物多样性应用科学中心摩尔基金会

利用5个时段的Landsat图像对玻利维亚东部低地所有山区树木生长线(大约3000m)以下的陆地景观的土地覆被变化进行研究,包括湿润森林、泛滥森林、季节性旱地林、云雾林及灌丛地和草地。2004年玻利维亚东部森林砍伐面积为45 411km^2,大约... 详细信息

利用5个时段的Landsat图像对玻利维亚东部低地所有山区树木生长线(大约3000m)以下的陆地景观的土地覆被变化进行研究,包括湿润森林、泛滥森林、季节性旱地林、云雾林及灌丛地和草地。2004年玻利维亚东部森林砍伐面积为45 411km^2,大约占原始森林覆盖面积的9%,另外有9042km^2的灌丛、热带稀树草原生境转为它用,占土地覆被总历史变化的17%。玻利维亚土地覆被变化速度从20世纪60年代的400km^2/a上升到2001～2004年间的大约2900km^2/a。本研究为玻利维亚提供监测未来土地覆被变化的可靠空间数据,这是建议的补偿机制,即补偿通过减少森林砍伐来降低碳排放的国家的前提。对比最近和以前各时期的土地覆被变化,发现20世纪90年代颁布的有关森林保护政策并没有对降低森林砍伐起明显的作用,在有些保护区内森林砍伐事实上增加了。全国范围内土地覆被变化的速度继续呈线性上升趋势,但是在圣克鲁斯区上升速度更快,这与该地区动农业机械化和养牛业的扩展有关。

关键词：土地覆被变化玻利维亚森林覆盖面积森林砍伐热带稀树草原上升速度补偿机制上升趋势

Small heat shock protein B8:from cell functions to its involvement in diseases and potential therapeutic applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2872-2886页

作者： Marta Chierichetti Riccardo Cristofani Valeria Crippa veronica Ferrari Marta Cozzi Elena Casarotto Paola Pramaggiore Laura Cornaggia Guglielmo Patelli Ali Mohamed Margherita Piccolella Mariarita Galbiati Paola Rusmini Barbara Tedesco Angelo Poletti Laboratory of Experimental Biology Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari“Rodolfo Paoletti”(DiSFeB)Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly

Heat shock protein family B(small)member 8(HSPB8)is a 22 kDa ubiquitously expressed protein belonging to the family of small heat shock ***8 is involved in various cellular mechanisms mainly related to proteotoxic stress response and in other processes such as inflammation,cell division,and ***8 binds misfolded clients to prevent their aggregation by assisting protein refolding or degradation through chaperone-assisted selective *** line with this function,the pro-degradative activity of HSPB8 has been found protective in several neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases characterized by protein misfolding and *** cancer,HSPB8 has a dual role being capable of exerting either a pro-or an anti-tumoral activity depending on the pathways and factors expressed by the model of cancer under ***,HSPB8 exerts a protective function in different diseases by modulating the inflammatory response,which characterizes not only neurodegenerative diseases,but also other chronic or acute conditions affecting the nervous system,such as multiple sclerosis and intracerebellar *** note,HSPB8 modulation may represent a therapeutic approach in other neurological conditions that develop as a secondary consequence of other *** is the case of cognitive impairment related to diabetes mellitus,in which HSPB8 exerts a protective activity by assuring mitochondrial *** review aims to summarize the diverse and multiple functions of HSPB8 in different pathological conditions,focusing on the beneficial effects of its ***-based and alternative therapeutic approaches targeting HSPB8 and its regulated pathways will be discussed,emphasizing how new strategies for cell and tissue-specific delivery represent an avenue to advance in disease treatments.

关键词： aggregation autophagy cancer chaperone chaperone-assisted selective autophagy cognitive impairment HSPB8 neuroinflammation neuromuscular diseases therapy

Axonal tuning by GABA_(A) receptor unveils novel tricks from an old dog

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 533-534页

作者： veronica Bonalume Valerio Magnaghi Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly

In the last years,axonal conductance of action potential trains became a novel subject of study,changing the view of axons,from a static cable-like compartment to a more complex and dynamic system(Debanne et al.,2011).Axonal computation,indeed,is canonically constituted by the action of voltage-gated ion channels,such as the classic Na+and K+channels,but recent studies demonstrated that it can be modulated by the action of other ion channel pumps,and metabolic factors(Byczkowicz et al.,2019;Zang and Marder.

关键词： tuning action classic

Sensitivity of a solid Eu(Ⅲ) complex towards acetonitrile vapor:Structural and spectroscopic characterization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第5期38卷 571-576页

作者： Fabio Piccinelli veronica Paterlini Magda Monari Marco Bettinelli Luminescent Materials Laboratory DBUniversita di Veronaand INSTMUdR VeronaStrada Le Grazie 1537134VeronaItaly Dipartimento di Chimica"G.Ciamician" Universita di BolognaVia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly

The Eu(Ⅲ)nitrate complex of the meso-N,N’-bis(2-pyridylmethylene)-1,2-(R,S)-cyclohexanediamine ligand was synthesized and characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray *** crystal lattice of the complex is capable of absorbing and desorbing selectively acetonitrile molecules,at 293 K upon an acetonitrile vapor pressure of^0.1×10^5 *** process,which is partially reversible,can be easily followed by both powder X-ray diffraction(P-XRD)and Eu(III)luminescence *** acetonitrile molecule,located in the outer coordination sphere of the metal ion,does not affect the radiative transition probability of 5 D0 level of Eu(Ⅲ)and also it does not activate further non-radiative channels from this *** the other hand,this molecule is capable of affecting the energy position and intensities of the crystal field components of the 5 D0→7 F2 *** complex in solid form can be considered a promising material for the optical sensing of acetonitrile vapors.

关键词： Eu(Ⅲ) X-ray diffraction Crystal structure Luminescence spectroscopy Rare earths

Cover Crop and Irrigation Effects on Soil Microbial Communities and Enzymes in Semiarid Agroecosystems of the Central Great Plains of North America

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Pedosphere 2016年第2期26卷 192-205页

作者： Francisco J. calderon David NIELSEN veronica ACOSTA-MARTINEZ Merle F. VIGIL Drew LYON USDA-ARS Central Great Plains Research Station Akron CO 80720 USA USDA-ARS Cropping Systems Research Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Unit Lubbock TX 79415 USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6420 USA

Cover crops can have beneficial effects on soil microbiology by increasing carbon （C） supply, but these beneficial effects can be modulated by precipitation conditions. The objective of this study was to compare a fallow-winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） rotation to several cover crop-winter wheat rotations under rainfed and irrigated conditions in the semiarid US High Plains. Experiments were carried out at two sites, Sidney in Nebraska, and Akron in Colorado, USA, with three times of soil sampling in 2012--2013 at cover crop termination, wheat planting, and wheat maturity. The experiments included four single-species cover crops, a 10-species mixture, and a fallow treatment. The variables measured were soil C and nitrogen （N）, soil community structure by fatty acid methyl ester （FAME） profiles, and soil β-glucosidase,β-glucosaminidase, and phosphodiesterase activities. The fallow treatment, devoid of living plants, reduced the concentrations of most FAMEs at cover crop termination. The total FAME concentration was correlated with cover crop biomass （R = 0.62 at Sidney and 0.44 at Akron）. By the time of wheat planting, there was a beneficial effect of irrigation, which caused an increase in myeorrhizal and protozoan markers. At wheat maturity, the cover crop and irrigation effects on soil FAMEs had subsided, but irrigation had a positive effect on the β-glucosidase and phosphodiesterase activities at Akron, which was the drier of the two sites. Cover crops and irrigation were slow to impact soil C concentration. Our results show that cover crops had a short-lived effect on soil microbial communities in semiarid wheat-based rotations and irrigation could enhance soil enzyme activity. In the semiarid environment, longer time spans may have been needed to see beneficial effects of cover crops on soil microbial community structure, soil enzyme activities, and soil C sequestration.

关键词： crop rotation enzyme activity FAME profile fatty acid methyl ester winter wheat

Surrogate potency assays:Comparison of binding profiles complements dose response curves for unambiguous assessment of relative potencies

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第2期8卷 138-146页

作者： Robert Karlsson veronica Fridh Asa Frostell Purification and Analysis GE Healthcare Life SciencesUppsalaSweden

Surface plasmon resonance(SPR) systems are widely used for detailed characterization of antibody activities including antigen and Fc-receptor binding. During the later stages of development, where the focus is to ensure that established critical quality attributes(CQAs) are maintained during cell culture,purification and formulation processes, analysis is simplified, and relative potencies are often determined. Here, simulation of binding data revealed that relative potency values, determined via parallel line analysis(PLA) and half maximal effective concentration(EC50) analysis accurately reflect changes in active concentration only if binding kinetics remain unchanged. Changes in the association rate constant shifted dose response curves, and therefore relative potencies, in the same way as changes in analyte concentration do. However, for interactions characterized by stable binding, changes in the dissociation rate constant did not result in any shift, suggesting that this type of change may go unnoticed in the dose response curve. Thus, EC50 and PLA analyses of dose response curves obtained with an anti-TNF-α antibody were complemented with the Biacore functionality for sensorgram comparison analysis, whereby changes in antigen and Fc-receptor binding profiles could be detected. Next, analysis of temperature stressed TNF-α antibody revealed that calibration free concentration analysis(CFCA) data correlated perfectly with relative potency values. Together, these results demonstrate that combinations of SPR based dose response curves, sensorgram comparison and CFCA can be used to strengthen the confidence in relative potency assessments, and suggest that SPR can potentially be used as a surrogate potency assay in the quality control of biotherapeutic medicines.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance EC50 Sensorgram comparison Calibration free concentration analysis Surrogate potency assay TNF-a

Interactions between Axillary Branches of Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 388-400页

作者： veronica Ongaro Katherine Bainbridge Lisa Williamson Ottoline Leyser Department of Biology University of York PO Box 373--Area 11York YO10 5YW UK Present address: Institute of Plant Sciences University of Bern CH-3013 Bern Switzerland

Studies of apical dominance have benefited greatly from two-branch assays in pea and bean, in which the shoot system is trimmed back to leave only two active cotyledonary axillary branches. In these two-branch shoots, a large body of evidence shows that one actively growing branch is able to inhibit the growth of the other, prompting studies on the nature of the inhibitory signals, which are still poorly understood. Here, we describe the establishment of two-branch assays in Arabidopsis, using consecutive branches on the bolting stem. As with the classical studies in pea and bean, these consecutive branches are able to inhibit one another＇s growth. Not only can the upper branch inhibit the lower branch, but also the lower branch can inhibit the upper branch, illustrating the bi-directional action of the inhibitory signals. Using mutants, we show that the inhibition is partially dependent on the MAX pathway and that while the inhibition is clearly transmitted across the stem from the active to the inhibited branch, the vascular connectivity of the two branches is weak, and the MAX pathway is capable of acting unilaterally in the stem.

关键词： shoot branching auxin MAX vascularization.

Micromechanical adaptation as a treatment for spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 1909-1911页

作者： veronica estrada Hans werner Müller Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Neurology Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center Düsseldorf

Spinal cord injury: Thus far injury of the spinal cord is incurable and, in the majority of cases, a devastating and life-changing event. The worldwide incidence rate of spinal cord injury (SCI) ranges from 250,000 to 900,000 (***, 2013;Kumar et al., 2018) new cases per year. SCI outcome includes the damage of axons, demyelination of axons, loss of signal transduction, and consequential long-lasting motor and sensory deficits. Additionally, the non-use of muscles can lead to atrophy and joint contractures, thereby further reducing the possibility of recovery. Depending on the spinal level and the severity of the injury, the extent of the damage can vary and spontaneous recovery is possible to varying degrees.

关键词： Micromechanical adaptation spinal cord injury spinal cord injury(SCI)

Compost Input Effect on Dryland Wheat and Forage Yields and Soil Quality

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 451-462页

作者： Francisco J. calderon Merle F. VIGIL Joseph BENJAMIN United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Central Great Plains Research Station Akron80720 CO( USA)

Organic agricultural systems rely on organic amendments to achieve crop fertility requirements, and weed control must be achieved without synthetic herbicides. Our objective was to determine the crop yield and soil quality as affected by a transition from grass to dryland organic agriculture in the Central Great Plains of North America. This study evaluated three beef feedlot compost(BFC)treatments in 2010–2015 following biennial application rates: 0(control), 22.9, and 108.7 t ha^(-1) on two dryland organic cropping systems: a wheat(Triticum aestivum)-fallow(WF) rotation harvested for grain and a triticale(Triticosecale)/pea(Pisum sativum)-fallow(T/P-F) rotation harvested for forage. The triticale + pea biomass responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) BFC treatment,but not the 22.9-t ha^(-1) BFC treatment. The wheat biomass was not affected by BFC addition, but biomass N content *** feedlot compost input did not increase wheat grain yields, but had a positive effect on wheat grain Zn content. Soil total C and N contents increased with the rate of 108.7 t ha^(-1) BFC after three applications, but not with 22.9 t ha^(-1) BFC. Soil enzyme activities associated with N and C cycling responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) BFC treatment. Saturated salts were high in the soil receiving 108.7 t ha^(-1) of BFC, but did not affect crop yields. These results showed that BFC was effective in enhancing forage yields, wheat grain quality, and soil C and N, as well as specific microbial enzymes important for nutrient cycling. However, the large rates of BFC necessary to elicit these positive responses did not increase grain yields, and resulted in an excessive buildup of soil P.

关键词： organic agriculture soil C soil enzyme activity soil N pea triticale