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Bur. injur. differ.ntially alter. whole-blood and or.an glutathione synthesis r.tes: An exper.mental model

Bur.s & Tr.uma 2013年第2期1卷 87-94页

作者： Zhe-Wei Fei vernon r. young Xiao-Ming Lu Andr.w B. r.odes r.nald G.Tompkins Alan J. Fischman Yong-Ming Yu Shr.ner. Bur.s Hospital and Bur. & Tr.uma Ser.ice Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 Shr.ner. Bur.s Hospital and Bur. & Tr.uma Ser.ice Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 Labor.tor. of Human Nutr.tion Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142 USA

Pr.vious studies fr.m our.labor.tor.es r.vealed a r.duced r.te of whole-blood (WB) glutathione (GSH) synthesis in sever.ly bur.ed patients. To deter.ine whether.WB GSH metabolism is an indicator.of the status of GSH metabolism in one or.mor. of the major.or.ans, we used a bur. r.bbit model to deter.ine GSH concentr.tions and r.tes of synthesis in WB, liver. lungs, kidney, and skeletal muscle. L-[1-13C]-cysteine was infused intr.venously for.6 h in r.bbits at 3 days post-bur. and in sham bur. contr.ls. WB and or.an 13C-enr.chment of cysteine and GSH was deter.ined by gas chr.matogr.phy/mass spectr.metr.. Plasma cysteine metabolic flux was incr.ased significantly (P r. injur.. WB, liver. and lung GSH concentr.tions (P = 0.054, P r.spectively) and fr.ctional r.tes of GSH synthesis (P r.spectively) wer. r.duced at 3 days post-bur.. Kidney was unaffected. Ther. also appear. to be an incr.ased r.te of GSH tr.nspor. out of the liver.after.bur. injur.. Hence, ther. is a differ.ntial impact of bur. injur. on tissue and or.an GSH status, with WB qualitatively r.flecting the changes in lung and liver. It will be impor.ant to deter.ine whether.these changes ar. due to alter.tions in the intr.nsic capacity for.GSH synthesis and/or.availability of amino acid pr.cur.or. of GSH.

关键词： Bur. injur. glutathione glutathione concentr.tion synthesis r.te whole blood

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Ar.inine: New and Exciting Developments for.an“Old”Amino Acid

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Biomedical and Envir.nmental Sciences 1996年第2期9卷 296-315页

作者： LOUIS BEAUMIEr.LETICIA CASTILLO YONG-MING YU ALFr.D M. AJAMI AND vernon r. young(Labor.tor. of Human Nutr.tion, School of Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambr.dge, MA, 02139, USA Shr.ner. Bur.s Institute,Boston, MA, 02114 USA mass Tr. Labor.tor. of Human Nutr.tion School of Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 02139 USA.

Ar.inine (2-amino-5-guanidino pentanoic acid) was shown in 1895 by Hedin to be pr.sent in the pr.teins of hor.. Metabolic nitr.gen balance studies, conducted in 1957 by r.se in human adults and in 1959 by Snyder.an and cowor.er. in young infants, r.vealed that a dietar. sour.e of this amino acid was not an obligator. r.quir.ment for.gr.wth and maintenance of nitr.gen homeostasis in healthy individuals. Hence, It was initially classified as a non-essential (dispensable) amino acid and, per.aps, for.r.asons of this classification ar.inine did not r.ceivc the ear.ier.atteniion it now deser.es, in r.lation to an under.tanding of the nutr.tional biochemistr. and physiology of its metabolism in humans subjects. However. ther. is cur.ently a consider.ble inter.st in the cellular.and tissue functions, as well as clinical, ther.peutic significance, of ar.inine. In this paper.we r.view the multiple functions of ar.inlne, including its r.le in the L-ar.inine-nitr.c oxide pathway,cellular.r.gener.tion, immune function, pr.tein synthesis and pr.tein br.akdown. We then consider.some in vivo aspects of the physiology of ar.inine metabolism, which var.es gr.atly among eukar.otes, with par.icular.r.fer.nce to humans. Against this backgr.und, studies of ar.inine in the nutr.tion of humans under.var.ous pathophysiological conditions ar. r.viewed br.efly. Finally, a new, updated concept for.the metabolic basis for.the 'conditional essentiality' of ar.inine is pr.posed

关键词： Amino Acid USA Old Ar.inine New and Exciting Developments for.an

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人体苏氨酸需要量的研究

人体苏氨酸需要量的研究

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中国营养学会第四届全国学术会议

作者：赵熙和闻芝梅 Car.ln Mer.dith Dwight E,Matthews Dennism Bier. vernon r.young

用同位素标记氨基酸恒速输液法可以动态地观察在不同营养状况下氨基酸的代谢。这是根据当机体处于平衡状态下,某些氨基酸进入游离氨基酸体池的量应与离开的量相等。以苏氨酸为例。

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