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Effect of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) as natural polymers on mesenchymal stem cells

World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第10期11卷 764-786页

作者： vera voinova Garina Bonartseva Anton Bonartsev Faculty of Biology M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119234Russia A.N.Bach Institute of Biochemistry Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119071Russia

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stromal multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into multiple cell types,including fibroblasts,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,adipocytes,and myoblasts,thus allowing them to contribute to the regeneration of various tissues,especially bone tissue.MSCs are now considered one of the most promising cell types in the field of tissue engineering.Traditional petri dish-based culture of MSCs generate heterogeneity,which leads to inconsistent efficacy of MSC applications.Biodegradable and biocompatible polymers,poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates)(PHAs),are actively used for the manufacture of scaffolds that serve as carriers for MSC growth.The growth and differentiation of MSCs grown on PHA scaffolds depend on the physicochemical properties of the polymers,the 3D and surface microstructure of the scaffolds,and the biological activity of PHAs,which was discovered in a series of investigations.The mechanisms of the biological activity of PHAs in relation to MSCs remain insufficiently studied.We suggest that this effect on MSCs could be associated with the natural properties of bacteria-derived PHAs,especially the most widespread representative poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB).This biopolymer is present in the bacteria of mammalian microbiota,whereas endogenous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)is found in mammalian tissues.The possible association of PHA effects on MSCs with various biological functions of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)in bacteria and eukaryotes,including in humans,is discussed in this paper.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Polyhydroxyalkanoates Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Tissue engineering Differentiation Natural functions Microbiota Bone Intestine

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