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Bi-revealed utilities in a defaultable universe: A new point of view on consumption

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2024年第1期9卷 13-34页

作者： nic.le el Karoui Caroline Hillairet Mohamed Mrad LPSM UMR CNRS 6632Sorbonne Université4 Place Jussieu75005 ParisFrance CREST UMR CNRS 9194Ensae Paris5 Avenue Henry Le Chatelier91120 PalaiseauFrance LAGA UMR CNRS 7539UniversitéSorbonne Paris-Nord99 Avenue Jean Baptiste Clement93430 VilletaneuseFrance

This paper investigates the inverse problem of bi-revealed utilities in a defaultable universe,defined as a standard universe(represented by a filtration F)perturbed by an exogenous defaultable time τ.We assume that the standard universe does not take into account the possibility of the default,thus τ adds an additional source of *** defaultable universe is represented by the filtration G up to time τ(τ included),where G stands for the progressive enlargement of F by *** basic assumption in force is that τ avoids F-stopping *** bi-revealed problem consists in recovering a consistent dynamic utility from the observable characteristic of an *** general results on bi-revealed utilities,first given in a general and abstract framework,are translated in the defaultable G-universe and then are interpreted in the *** decomposition of G-adapted processes X^(G) provides an interpretation of a Gcharacteristic X^(G)_(τ) stopped at τ as a reserve *** to the characterization of G-martingales stopped at τ in terms of F-martingales,we establish a correspondence between G-bi-revealed utilities from characteristic and F-bi-revealed pair of utilities from characteristic and *** a financial framework,characteristic can be interpreted as wealth and reserves as *** result sheds a new light on the consumption in utility criterion:the consumption process can be interpreted as a certain quantity of wealth,or reserves,that are accumulated for the financing of losses at the default time.

关键词： Bi-revealed utilities Defaultable euniverse Enlargement offiltration Preference criteria of wealth and consumption

Optimization of Cooperative RelayingMolecular Communic.tions for Nanomedical Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1259-1275页

作者： Eman S.Attia Ashraf A.M.Khalaf Fathi E.Abd el-Samie Saied M.Abd el-atty Konstantinos A.Lizos Osama Alfarraj Heba M.el-Hoseny Department of electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Department of electronic. and electrical Communic.tions Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Informatics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of Oslo(UiO)OsloNorway Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science The Higher Future Institute for Specialized Technological StudiesEl ShoroukEgypt

Recently,nano-systems based on molecular communic.tions via diffusion(MCvD)have been implemented in a variety of nanomedical applications,most notably in targeted drug delivery system(TDDS)***,because the MCvD is unreliable and there exists molecular noise and inter symbol interference(ISI),cooperative nano-relays can acquire the reliability for drug delivery to targeted diseased cells,especially if the separation distance between the nano transmitter and nano receiver is *** this work,we propose an approach for optimizing the performance of the nano system using cooperative molecular communic.tions with a nano relay scheme,while accounting for blood flow effects in terms of drift *** fractions of the molecular drug that should be allocated to the nano transmitter and nano relay positioning are computed using a collaborative optimization problem solved by theModified Central Force Optimization(MCFO)*** the previous work,the probability of bit error is expressed in a closed-form *** is used as an objective function to determine the optimal velocity of the drug molecules and the detection threshold at the nano *** simulation results show that the probability of bit error can be dramatically reduced by optimizing the drift velocity,detection threshold,location of the nano-relay in the proposed nano system,and molecular drug budget.

关键词： Nanomedical system molecular communic.tion cooperative relay optimization

Effects of high glucose and severe hypoxia on the biological behavior of mesenchymal stem cells at various passages

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第4期16卷 434-443页

作者： Fatimah Almahasneh Ejlal Abu-el-Rub Ramada R Khasawneh Rawan Almazari Department of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty of MedicineYarmouk UniversityIrbid 21163Jordan

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been extensively studied for therapeutic potential,due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory *** passage and stress factors may affect the biological characteristics of MSCs,but the details of these effects have not been recognized *** To investigate the effects of stress factors(high glucose and severe hypoxia)on the biological characteristics of MSCs at different passages,in order to optimize the therapeutic applications of *** In this study,we investigated the impact of two stress conditions;severe hypoxia and high glucose on human adipose-tissue derived MSCs(hAD-MSCs)at passages 6(P6),P8,and ***,senescence and apoptosis were evaluated measuring WST-1,senescence-associated beta-galactosidase,and annexin V,*** Cells at P6 showed decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis under conditions of high glucose and hypoxia compared to control,while the extent of senescence did not change significantly under stress *** P8 hAD-MSCs cultured in stress conditions had a significant decrease in proliferation and apoptosis and a significant increase in senescence compared to counterpart cells at *** cultured in high glucose at P10 had lower proliferation and higher senescence than their counterparts in the previous passage,while no change in apoptosis was *** the other hand,MSCs cultured under hypoxia showed decreased senescence,increased apoptosis and no significant change in proliferation when compared to the same conditions at *** These results indicate that stress factors had distinct effects on the biological processes of MSCs at different passages,and suggest that senescence may be a protective mechanism for MSCs to survive under stress conditions at higher passage numbers.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells High glucose Hypoxia Stressful microenvironment Serial passage Senescence Apoptosis

Eco-toxicity and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of Burullus Lake in Egypt

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China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 460-468页

作者： Hanan E Osman Mohamed H E el-Morsy Hazem T Abd el-Hamid Department of Biology Faculty of Applied ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMecca 24382Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah 24372Saudi Arabia National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries(NIOF) Cairo 11865Egypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are ubiquitous environmental contaminants of growing concern due to their potential ecological and human health *** study presents a comprehensive assessment of PAHs contamination in the surface sediments of Burullus Lake,a vital and second largest delta lake in *** aim was to evaluate the eco-toxicity and potential health risks associated with the presence of these *** seven sediment samples were collected from various drains in the southern part of Burullus *** extraction method was employed to extract PAHs(16PAHs)from the sediment ***,target compounds were located using *** results showed that samples contained PAHs levels ranging from 0.038×10^(-6)to 0.459×10^(-6),which is considered heavily polluted by the European standard for PAHs ***,there was no apparent source of PAHs in the elKhashah drain or the Brinbal Canal,as HPLC found none of the *** most prevalent compound in sediment samples along the study area was *** diagnostic indices in the present study indicated that the hydrocarbons in the region originated from pyrolytic and man-made sources along the drains of Burullus *** principal component analysis(PCA)and diagnostic ratios revealed that coal combustion and pyrolytic sources were responsible for the PAHs contamination in the surface *** non-carcinogenic.risk(HI),which is the product of the HQs for the adult and child populations,respectively,was *** values under 1,therefore,demonstrated that they had no carcinogenic.effects on human *** and MEQs in the sediments of Burullus Lake do not have a cancer-causing impact on *** the safety of nearby wildlife,aquatic life,and people,all activities that raise petroleum hydrocarbon levels in Burullus Lake must be adequately regulated and *** to the ecological risk assessment,there is little chance that PAHs will be found

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Diagnostic indices Toxicity Delta lake sediment Burullus Lake Human health risk Aquatic ecosystem HPLC Coal combustion

Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Handwritten Document Enhancement

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3763-3786页

作者： Shu-Chuan Chu Xiaomeng Yang Li Zhang Václav Snášel Jeng-Shyang Pan College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520China Faculty of electrical Engineering and Computer Science VŠB-TU OstravaOstrava70080Czech Republic Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan

The Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) demonstrate strong performance;however, there remains room for improvement in convergence and practical applications. This study introduces a hybrid optimization algorithm, named the adaptive inertia weight whale optimization algorithm and gannet optimization algorithm (AIWGOA), which addresses challenges in enhancing handwritten documents. The hybrid strategy integrates the strengths of both algorithms, significantly enhancing their capabilities, whereas the adaptive parameter strategy mitigates the need for manual parameter setting. By amalgamating the hybrid strategy and parameter-adaptive approach, the Gannet Optimization Algorithm was refined to yield the AIWGOA. Through a performance analysis of the CEC2013 benchmark, the AIWGOA demonstrates notable advantages across various metrics. Subsequently, an evaluation index was employed to assess the enhanced handwritten documents and images, affirming the superior practical application of the AIWGOA compared with other algorithms.

关键词： Metaheuristic algorithm gannet optimization algorithm hybrid algorithm handwritten document enhancement

Phosphoric Acid Pretreatment and Saccharification of Paper Sludge as a Renewable Material for Cellulosic Fibers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1573-1591页

作者： Samar el-Mekkawi Wafaa Abou-elseoud Shaimaa Fadel Enas Hassan Mohammad Hassan Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt Cellulose and Paper Department National Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt

Recycling of paper sludge waste is crucial for establishing a sustainable green industry. This waste contains valuable sugars that can be converted into important chemicals such as ethanol, poly hydroxybutyrate, and lactic acid. However, the main challenge in obtaining sugars in high yield from paper sludge is the high crystallinity of cellulose, which hinders hydrolysis. To address this, pretreatment using phosphoric acid was optimized using response surface methodology to facilitate cellulose hydrolysis with minimal energy and chemicals. The created prediction model using the response surface method considered factors such as acid concentration (ranging from 60% to 85%), consistency (ranging from 4% to 10%), temperature (ranging from 25°C to 80°C), and time (ranging from 0.5 to 4 h). The results revealed that the model’s significant factors affecting the yield were acid concentration, reaction time, temperature, and the product of acid concentration and temperature, while the model’s significant factors affecting the crystallinity were the consistency, the temperature, and their product. The results showed that the optimum conditions for pretreatment were using an acid concentration of 64%, temperature of 25°C, consistency of 10%, and time of 30 min. The hydrolysis of the conditionally pretreated paper sludge resulted in a weight loss of 42%, compared to only 18% weight loss in non-pretreated paper sludge. Furthermore, the optimized conditions led to low levels of furfurals and acetic acid, which are undesirable by-products that can interfere with sugar fermentation. The total sugar obtained under the optimized conditions was 0.43 g glucose/g sample (10.46 g/L), while the contents of methyl furfural, furfural, and acetic acid were 21.65, 235.7, and 4.57 mg/L, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of phosphoric acid for pretreatment and hydrolysis of paper sludge, enabling efficient saccharification and the production of sugars with minimal undesired

关键词： Waste valorization fermentable sugars response surface methodology acid hydrolysis cellulose crystallinity

Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of Geothermal Power Plant Based on Organic.Rankine Cycle (ORC) Using Mixture of Pure Working Fluids

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Energy Engineering 2024年第8期121卷 2023-2038页

作者： Abdul Sattar Laghari Mohammad Waqas Chandio Laveet Kumar Mamdouh el Haj Assad Department of Mechanic.l Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyJamshoro76062Pakistan Department of Mechanic.l and Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringQatar UniversityDoha00000Qatar Sustainable&Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of SharjahSharjah00000United Arab Emirates

The selection of working fluid significantly impacts the geothermal ORC’s *** a mixture as a working fluid is a strategy to improve the output of geothermal *** the current study,modelling and thermodynamic analysis of ORC,using geothermal as a heat source,is carried out at fixed operating *** model is simulated in the Engineering Equation Solver(EES).An environment-friendly mixture of fluids,i.e.,R245fa/R600a,with a suitable mole fraction,is used as the operating *** mixture provided the most convenient results compared to the pure working fluid under fixed operating *** impact of varying the evaporator pressure on the performance parameters,including energy efficiency,exergy efficiency and net power output is *** system provided the optimal performance once the evaporator pressure reached the maximum *** efficiencies:Energy and Exergy,and Net Power output of the system are 16.62%,64.08%and 2199 kW for the basic cycle and 20.72%,67.76%and 2326 kW respectively for the regenerative cycle.

关键词： Organic.rankine cycle internal heat exchanger moderate-temperature geothermal source mixture of the fluid exergy

Gut microbiota predicts the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis in Saudi children

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World Journal of Clinic.l Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 118-124页

作者： Mohammad el Mouzan Ahmed Al Sarkhy Asaad Assiri Department of Pediatrics Gastroenterology UnitKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11461Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is an immune-mediated chronic.inflammatory condition with a worldwide *** the etiology of this disease is still unknown,the understanding of the role of the microbiota is becoming increasingly *** To investigate the predictive power of the gut microbiota for the diagnosis of UC in a cohort of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve Saudi children with *** The study population included 20 children with a confirmed diagnosis of UC and 20 healthy *** DNA was extracted and sequenced,and shotgun metagenomic analysis was performed for bacteria and *** and bioinformatics demonstrated significant dysbiosis in the form of reduced alpha diversity,beta diversity,and significant difference of abundance of taxa between children with UC and control *** receiver operating characteristic curve,a probability curve,was used to determine the difference between the UC and control *** area under the curve(AUC)represents the degree of separability between the UC group and the control *** AUC was calculated for all identified bacterial species and for bacterial species identified by the random forest classification algorithm as important potential biomarkers of UC.A similar method of AUC calculation for all bacteriophages and important species was *** The median age and range were 14(0.5-21)and 12.9(6.8-16.3)years for children with UC and controls,respectively,and 40%and 35%were male for children with UC and controls,*** AUC for all identified bacterial species was 89.5%.However,when using the bacterial species identified as important by random forest classification algorithm analysis, the accuracy increased to 97.6%. Similarly, the AUC for all theidentified bacteriophages was 87.4%, but this value increased to 94.5% when the important bacteriophagebiomarkers were *** very high to excellent AUCs of fecal bacterial and viral species sugge

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Microbiota Area under the curve Children Saudi Arabia

Modelling the monthly hydrological balance using Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model:A case study of the Wadi Mina upstream watershed

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 161-177页

作者： Hanane Mebarki Noureddine Maref Mohammed el-Amine Dris Civil Engineering and Environmental Laboratory(LGCE) University of Djillali LiabèsFaculty of TechnologyHydraulics departmentBen M'Hidi districtP.O.Box 8922000Sidi Bel AbbèsAlgeria.

Modelling the hydrological balance in semi-arid zones is essential for effective water resource management,encompassing both surface water and *** study aims to model the monthly hydrological water cycle in the Wadi Mina upstream watershed(northwest Algeria)by applying the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)hydrological *** modelling integrates spatial data such as the Digital elevation Model(DEM),land use,soil types and various meteorological parameters including precipitation,maximum and minimum temperatures,relative humidity,solar radiation and wind *** SWAT model was calibrated and validated using data from January 2012 to December 2014,with a calibra-tion period from January 2012 to August 2013 and a validation period from September 2013 to December *** and parameter calibration were conducted using the SWAT-SA program,and model performance evaluation relied on comparing the observed discharge at the outlet of the basin with model-simulated discharge,assessed through statistical coefficients including Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE),coefficient of determination(R2)and Percent Bias(PBAIS).Calibration results indicated favourable objec-tive function values(NSE=0.79,R2=0.93,PBAIS=-8.53%),although a slight decrease was observed during validation(NSE=0.69,R2=0.86,and PBAIS=-11.41%).The application of the SWAT model to the Wadi Mina upstream watershed highlighted its utility in simulating the spatial distribution of different components of the hydrological balance in this *** SWAT model revealed that approximately 71%of the precipitation in the basin evaporates,while only 29%contributes to surface runoff or infiltration into the soil.

关键词： SWAT model Performance Parameters Runoff Groundwater Wadi