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Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and neuromodulation techniques:a systematic review of progress and prospects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2218-2230页

作者： Rahul mittal Keelin McKenna Grant Keith Evan McKenna Joana R.N.Lemos Jeenu mittal Khemraj Hirani Diabetes Research Institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA School of Medicine and Public Health University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA

Neuromodulation for diabetic peripheral neuropathy represents a significant area of interest in the management of chronic pain associated with this *** peripheral neuropathy,a common complication of diabetes,is characterized by nerve damage due to high blood sugar levels that lead to symptoms,such as pain,tingling,and numbness,primarily in the hands and *** aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of neuromodulatory techniques as potential therapeutic interventions for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,while also examining recent developments in this *** investigation encompassed an array of neuromodulation methods,including frequency rhythmic electrical modulated systems,dorsal root ganglion stimulation,and spinal cord *** systematic review suggests that neuromodulatory techniques may be useful in the treatment of diabetic peripheral *** the advantages of these treatments will enable physicians and other healthcare providers to offer additional options for patients with symptoms refractory to standard pharmacologic *** these efforts,we may improve quality of life and increase functional capacity in patients suffering from complications related to diabetic neuropathy.

关键词： diabetes mellitus diabetic peripheral neuropathy neuromodulation neurostimulation therapy non-pharmacological treatment pain management

Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed sciatic nerves accelerates recovery of nociceptive sensory perceptions in male and female rats of different strains

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2667-2681页

作者： Liwen Zhou Karthik Venkudusamy Emily A.Hibbard Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez Cathy Z.Yang Adelaide Leung varun Gokhale Guhan Periyasamy Zeal Pathak Dale R.Sengelaub George D.Bittner Department of Neuroscience University of TexasAustinTXUSA Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Molecular Biosciences University of TexasAustinTXUSA

Successful polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion)of severed axons following peripheral nerve injuries for PEG-fused axons has been reported to:(1)rapidly restore electrophysiological continuity;(2)prevent distal Wallerian Degeneration and maintain their myelin sheaths;(3)promote primarily motor,voluntary behavioral recoveries as assessed by the Sciatic Functional Index;and,(4)rapidly produce correct and incorrect connections in many possible combinations that produce rapid and extensive recovery of functional peripheral nervous system/central nervous system connections and reflex(e.g.,toe twitch)or voluntary *** preceding companion paper describes sensory terminal field reo rganization following PEG-fusion repair of sciatic nerve transections or ablations;howeve r,sensory behavioral recovery has not been explicitly explored following PEG-fusion *** the current study,we confirmed the success of PEG-fusion surgeries according to criteria(1-3)above and more extensively investigated whether PEG-fusion enhanced mechanical nociceptive recovery following sciatic transection in male and female outbred Sprague-Dawley and inbred Lewis *** nociceptive responses were assessed by measuring withdrawal thresholds using von Frey filaments on the dorsal and midplantar regions of the *** von Frey filament tests were a more reliable method than plantar von Frey filament tests to assess mechanical nociceptive sensitivity following sciatic nerve *** withdrawal thresholds of the sciatic-mediated lateral dorsal region differed significantly across strain but not *** thresholds did not change significantly from baseline in chronic Unoperated and Sham-operated *** sciatic transection,all rats exhibited severe hyposensitivity to stimuli at the lateral dorsal region of the hindpaw ipsilateral to the ***,PEG-fused rats exhibited significantly earlier return to baseline withdrawal thresholds than Negative

关键词： autophagia axotomy collateral sprouting neuropathic pain peripheral nerve repair polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion) saphenous nerve sensory neurons sex and strain Wallerian degeneration

Package Coupling Measurement in Object-Oriented Software

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 273-283页

作者： varun Gupta Jitender Kumar Chhabra Department of Computer Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetra

The grouping of correlated classes into a package helps in better organization of modern object-oriented software. The quality of such packages needs to be measured so as to estimate their utilization. In this paper, new package coupling metrics are proposed, which also take into consideration the hierarchical structure of packages and direction of connections among package elements. The proposed measures have been validated theoretically as well as empirically using 18 packages taken from two open source software systems. The results obtained from this study show strong correlation between package coupling and understandability of the package which suggests that proposed metrics could be further used to represent other external software quality factors.

关键词： package coupling metrics object-oriented software understandability

A Survey of Dynamic Software Metrics

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第5期25卷 1016-1029页

作者： Jitender Kumar Chhabra varun Gupta Department of Computer Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetra-136119India

Software metrics help us to make meaningful estimates for software products and guide us in taking managerial and technical ***,conventional static metrics have been found to be inadequate for modern object-oriented software due to the presence of object-oriented features such as polymorphism,dynamic binding,inheritance and unused *** fact motivates us to focus on dynamic metrics in place of traditional static ***,dynamic metrics are more precise than static metrics as they are able to capture the dynamic behaviour of the software system during *** dynamic metrics are usually obtained from the execution traces of the code or from the executable *** this paper,advantages of dynamic metrics over static metrics are discussed and then a survey of the existing dynamic metrics is carried *** metrics are characterized into different categories such as dynamic coupling metrics, dynamic cohesion *** end of the paper,potential research challenges and opportunities in the field of dynamic metrics are identified.

关键词： metrics object-oriented programming software engineering

A New Design Approach for Nearly Linear Phase Stable IIR Filter using Fractional Derivative

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第2期7卷 527-538页

作者： Nikhil Agrawal Anil Kumar varun Bajaj Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering PDPM Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign and Manufacturing JabalpurMadhya Pradesh 482005India

In this paper,a new design method for digital infinite impulse response(IIR)filters with nearly linear-phase response is presented using fractional derivative constraints(FDCs).In the proposed method,design problem of an IIR frlter is constructed as the minimization of phase error between the desired and designed phase response of an allpass filter(APF)such that the designed lowpass filter(LPF)or highpass frlter(HPF)yields less passband(ep),and stopband errors(es)with optimal stopband attenuation(As).In order to have accurate passband(pb)response,FDCs are imposed on appropriate reference frequency,where the optimality of these FDCs are ensured by using a new greedy based sorting *** simulated results reflect the efficiency of the proposed method in term of improved passband response along with better transition ***,small reduction in^is observed within the allowable limit,when compared to noin-fractional design approach,but the designed filter remains immune to wordlength(WL)effect.

关键词： Fractional derivative constraint(FDC) infinite impulse response(IIR)filter least squared linear phase quantization

A Study on the Far Wake of Elliptic Cylinders

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2017年第1期113卷 35-55页

作者： Subhankar Sen Sanjay mittal Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurIndia Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurIndia

The evolution of far wake of stationary elliptic cylinders with angle of attack is investigated for the unsteady flow at Re=200 using a stabilized finite-element *** Reynolds number,Re,is based on the major axis of cylinder and free-stream *** aspect ratios,AR considered are 0.2,0.5 and 0.8 while the angle of attack,αvaries from 0° to 90°.With increasingα,the Karman or primary shedding frequency of each cylinder decreases monotonically while the primary wavelength and time-averaged as well as *** increase *** time-averaged lift and moment coefficients initially increase withαand then *** power spectrum analysis of unsteady transverse velocity signal at various stations along the wake centerline is used to study the associated *** Karman or primary shedding frequency exists for eachα.For the AR=0.2 cylinder,the secondary and subsequently,low magnitude tertiary frequencies appear in the wake asαcontinues to increase from 30°.In contrast to the decaying nature of primary frequency withα,secondary frequency exhibits a nonmonotonic *** secondary frequency in general is not a sub-harmonic of the *** suggests that the secondary structures do not form due to merging of primary *** increasingα,the location of formation of secondary structures advances *** a given orientation,the upstream advancement is more dominant with decreasing *** spectrum analysis indicates that the wake state for confined flow is characterized by the primary frequency alone,*** imposition of blockage suppresses the formation of secondary structures.

关键词： Elliptic cylinder stabilized finite-element far wake angle of attack blockage

Local and biglobal linear stability analysis of parallel shear flows

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2017年第2期113卷 219-237页

作者： Sanjay mittal Anubhav Dwivedi Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurUP 208016India

Linear Stability Analysis(LSA)of parallel shear flows,via local and global approaches,is *** local analysis is carried out by solving the Orr-Sommerfeld(OS)equation using a spectral-collocation method based on Chebyshev polynomials.A stabilized finite element formulation is employed to carry out the global analysis using the linearized disturbance equations in primitive *** local and global analysis are *** per the Squires theorem,the two-dimensional disturbance has the largest growth ***,only two-dimensional disturbances are *** its very nature,the local analysis assumes the disturbance field to be spatially periodic in the streamwise *** global analysis permits a more general ***,to enable a comparison with the local analysis,periodic boundary conditions,at the inlet and exit of the domain,are imposed on the *** are carried out for the LSA of the Plane Poiseuille Flow(PPF).The relationship between the wavenumber,a,of the disturbance and the streamwise extent of the domain,L,in the global analysis is explored for Re=*** is found that a and L are related by L=2pn/a,where n is the number of cells of the instability along the streamwise direction within the domain length,*** procedure to interpret the results from the global analysis,for comparison with local analysis,is described.

关键词： Linear stability analysis local analysis plane Poiseuille flow Orr-Sommerfeld equation global analysis

Connections between biomechanics and higher infectivity: a tale of the D614G mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第2期6卷 193-194页

作者： Anshumali mittal Vikash Verma Luxmi Nagar JaspurUttarakhandIndiaUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA Biology Department University of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA

Mutations are known to play a critical role in how a species *** a recent article that appeared in the journal Cell,Yurkovetskiy et al.1 reported the structural and functional properties of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variant D614G that explains the basis of its increased *** observed that the mutant(D614G)was 4 to 9-fold more infectious than the wild type(D614),and the increased infectivity was not limited to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2).1 The cryo-EM structure suggested that D614G mutation weakens the stability of the homotrimer that shifts protein conformation towards an ACE2-binding fusion-competent state.1 The authors additionally showed that the D614G variant is neutralized by monoclonal antibodies targeting the spike protein receptor-binding domain(RBD).

关键词： ACE2 al. D61

Strength and elongation of spray formed Al–Si–Pb alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第12期21卷 1222-1227页

作者： Aruna Tomar Rashmi mittal Devendra Singh Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

The strength and elongation to fracture of spray deposited Al-Si-Pb alloys were studied as a function of lead content, silicon content, and distance from the centre to periphery of the deposit. It is found that the ultimate tensile strength, proof stress and elongation to fracture decrease, linearly and exponentially, with the increase in lead content and porosity of the deposit, respectively. Both the strengths and elongation to fracture linearly increase with increasing distance from the centre to periphery of the deposit. The ultimate tensile strength and proof stress are higher at a higher silicon content and they have a linear relationship with the hardness of the deposit.

关键词： aluminum silicon alloys spray forming tensile strength proof stress elongation