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Comparative antimicrobial activity in Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Heifers’ urine and urine distillate

Infectious Diseases Research 2024年第1期5卷 32-39页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Himani Agri Dayanath Balusamy Akanksha Yadav varsha jayakumar Division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly 243122India.

Background:Murrah buffalo is a breed of water buffalo(Bubalus bubalis)reared for milk and meat,especially in Northern *** are so many studies on the antimicrobial potential of the cow(Bos indicus)urine but buffalo urine has rarely been *** study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity in whole buffalo urine and its ***:Urine specimens were collected from seven Murrah buffalo heifers in the morning over three days from all seven heifers and distillated to prepare urine distillate(UD).The antimicrobial activity was determined through 96 well microplate method diluting(1:1)urine and UD in Mueller Hinton liquid medium against 919 microbial strains belonging to 148 species of 49 genera(Candia,11 genera of Gram+ve bacteria,37 genera of Gram-ve bacteria).The test strains were taken from the repository,revived and tested for purity before *** test strains were of clinical origin(372),environmental origin(496)and also from reference strain repositories(51).Results:Of the 919 test strains,a total of 57.89%and 56.04%of the tested strains were susceptible to UD and urine,*** was a no significant(p>0.4)difference in the antimicrobial activity of UD and urine against 919 strains of microbes,regardless of their genus,species,and Gram staining ***,there was no significant(p>0.4)difference between the susceptibility of bacterial and Candida strains to UD or ***,strains of clinical origin were more often resistant to buffalo UD and urine(p0.05).A significantly(p<0.01)higher proportion of reference strains was susceptible to UD and urine than microbial strains of clinical and environmental *** buffalo urine and UD,the most susceptible strains were Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(13/13)followed by Citrobacter freundii(8/10);Salmonella enterica ***(21/27),Geobacillus stearothermo

关键词： Bubalus bubalis Edwardsiella tarda Entereococcus faecium Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Raoultella terrigena Salmonella enteric

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Bacterial profile and comparative antimicrobial efficacy of fresh urine of cows, buffaloes and humans

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Infectious Diseases Research 2022年第4期3卷 31-36页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Himani Agri Dhayananth Balusamy varsha jayakumar Division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagar-243122India

Background:Holy cow(Bos indicus)urine is often considered a valuable therapeutic agent in India for treatment of many illnesses including infectious *** study was conducted to assess the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria and to determine antibacterial activity of cow urine vis a vis human and buffalo urine using standard bacteriological ***:The study on 73 urine samples(Murra buffalo,Bubalus bubalis 13;Sahiwal cattle,Bos indicus 11;Tharparkar cattle,Bos indicus 18;Vrindavani cattle,a cross bred strain of Bos indicus and Bos taurus 12,and 19 humans),were collected aseptically and bacteriological analysis was done using standard clinical bacteriological *** determine antibacterial activity of filter-sterilized urine agar well diffusion and microplate broth dilution methods,against a battery of 18 strains,were ***:Revealed presence of at least 14 types of potentially harmful bacteria in fresh urine samples,Escherichia coli,was the most common detected in 13 samples followed by Hafnia alvei(11),Staphylococcus epidermidis(8),Bacillus mycoides(7),Proteus mirabilis(5),Enterococcus faecium(4),Acinetobacter calcoaceticus(3),Enterococcus faecalis(3),Paenibacillus pantothenticus(3),Salmonella enterica *** Ser Enteritidis(3),Klebsiella pneumoniae ***(2),Pantoea agglomerans(2),Erwinia rhapontici(1),and Providencia rettgeri(1).The analysis for antimicrobial activity of filter-sterilized urine samples(73)against 18 test strains revealed that none of the urine could inhibit bacterial growth in agar well diffusion assay and 45 samples failed to inhibit any of the 18 bacteria with broth dilution *** 28 urine samples which inhibited growth of one or more test bacteria were not *** most of the test strains,there was no significant(P>0.05)difference in antibacterial potential of different urines irrespective of species,breed and sex of urine ***,*** was inhibited by significantly

关键词： holy cow urine antimicrobia Escherichia coli Salmonella Acinetobacter Klebsiella pneumoniae

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The assessment of good and bad bacteria in holy basil(Ocimum sanctum)leaves

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第4期4卷 1-21页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Mudit Chandra Himani Agri Ravichandran Karthikeyan Akanksha Yadav varsha jayakumar Division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareilly 243122India Department of Veterinary Microbiology College of Veterinary SciencesGadvasuLudhianaPunjab 141012India

Holy basil(Tulsi,Ocimum sanctum)is considered to be a pious *** is used not only in many of the rituals of Hindus but is also known for its innumerable medicinal *** basil leaves(HBLs)are often consumed raw thus it is pertinent to detect the bacteria on Tulsi *** study was conducted to understand the diversity of the aerobically growing microbiome of edible holy basil leaves.A total of 112 samples of leaves were collected from households of six localities in and around Bareilly,India for detecting culturable bacteria growing aerobically.A sum of 579 bacterial isolates belonging to 106 different species was *** agglomerans isolates were detected in 43 samples followed by isolates Virgibacillus pantothenticus(21),Bacillus coagulans(18),Bacillus cereus(17),Geobacillus stearothermophilus(16),Klebsiella pneumoniae(13),Citrobacter freundii(12),Lysinibacillus sphaericus(12),Acinetobacter calcoaceticus(11),Escherichia coli(11),and Xenorhabdus bovienii(11).Isolates of 95 species of bacteria were detected on<10 samples of *** 579 isolates,161 isolates detected in 68(60.71%)samples were of putatively good bacteria belonging to eight genera(Bacillus,Brevibacillus,Lysinibacillus,Paenibacillus,Photobacter,Siccibacter,Virgibacillus,Xenoirhabdus)and 23 ***,418 bacterial isolates detected in 108(96.43%)of the HBL samples were classified as potentially pathogenic for humans and animals belonging to 34 genera and 73 *** were only four samples(three from Mahanagar and one from Bhojipura)that had no potential pathogenic bacteria detected in this *** analysis indicated that HBL leaves from the ICAR-IVRI campus had a lower probability(P<0.04)of harbouring good bacteria than samples from Bhojpura,Mahanagar,North City and Rajendra *** inhibiting 96.72%of the isolates and carvacrol inhibiting 96.37%of the isolates were the best herbal antimicrobials and among antibiotics,meropenem inhibited 98.96%of bacte

关键词： Ocimum sanctum antimicrobial susceptibility assay aerobic culture isolation good and bad bacteria

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Effect of picking multiple colonies on antimicrobial susceptibility diagnostic outcome in a clinical bacteriology setting

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第2期4卷 6-9页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Dharmendra K Sinha varsha jayakumar Himani Agri Akanksha Yadav Ravichandran Karthikeyan Division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagar 243122India

giving results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST)even if the infection is detected due to a single type of ***,what should be the minimum number of colonies?The clinical laboratory manuals are silent and give different ***,the present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of picking up more than one colony for antimicrobial ***:The study was conducted on those clinical samples yielding Escherichia coli either as pure culture or as a prominent cause of *** impact of testing multiple colonies of Escherichia coli isolates was assessed on AST results through the detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase(ESBL)producing and Metallo-β-lactamase(MBL)producing Escherichia coli carriage in clinical ***:A total of 1031 samples having *** as the most prominent or single pathogen were *** included testing either one,two,three,four,five,or more than five(6-10)representative *** colonies from 526,247,115,76,31,and 36 samples,*** study revealed that testing of less than three representative colonies significantly(p<0.05)impacts the ***,the best outcome was when≥6 representative colonies were tested for ***:The study suggested that≥6 representative colonies should be emulsified for antimicrobial susceptibility tests not to miss possible infection with ESBL or MBL-producing mutants,even in mono-culture infections.

关键词： ESBL MBL clinical-diagnosis AST antibiotics antimicrobials

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