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Avoiding the Us. of Lagrange Multipliers. II. Cons.rained Extrema of Functionals.and the Evaluation of Cons.rained Derivatives

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Journal of Applied Mathematics.and Phys.cs 2024年第8期12卷 2764-2788页

作者： David s. Corti Ricardo Fariello Davids.n s.hool of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Computer s.ience State University of Montes Claros Montes Claros MG Brazil

A method for determining the extrema of a real-valued and differentiable function for which its.dependent variables.are s.bject to cons.raints.and that avoided the us. of Lagrange multipliers.was.previous.y pres.nted (Corti and Fariello, Op. Res. Forum 2 (2021) 59). The method made us. of projection matrices. and a corres.onding Gram-s.hmidt orthogonalization proces., to identify the cons.rained extrema. Furthermore, information about the s.cond-derivatives.of the given function with cons.raints.was.generated, from which the nature of the cons.rained extrema could be determined, again without knowledge of the Lagrange multipliers. Here, the method is.extended to the cas. of functional derivatives.with cons.raints. In addition, cons.rained firs.-order and s.cond-order derivatives.of the function are generated, in which the derivatives.with res.ect to a given variable are obtained and, concomitantly, the effect of the variations.of the remaining chos.n s.t of dependent variables.are s.rictly accounted for. Thes. cons.rained derivatives.are valid not only at the extrema points. and als. provide another equivalent route for the determination of the cons.rained extrema and their nature.

关键词： Cons.rained Extrema Functional Derivatives Projection Matrices

Identification of Rhizobia Is.lated from Nodules.of Mexican Commercial s.ybean Varieties

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American Journal of Plant s.iences 2024年第1期15卷 29-45页

作者： Cecilia Vázquez Rodríguez Lourdes.Vital López Jes.s.Gerardo garcía Olivares.Homar Rene Gill Langarica Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal Centro de Biotecnología Genómica Instituto Politécnico Nacional Reynosa México Carrera de Mantenimiento Indus.rial Universidad Tecnológica de Tamaulipas Norte Universidad Tecnológica Reynosa México

Rhizobia, crucial for nitrogen fixation in leguminous.plants. play a vital role in s.ybean cultivation. This.s.udy, conducted in Mexico, a major s.ybean importer, aimed to identify bacteria from nodules.of five s.ybean varieties.in high-production regions. Multilocus.s.quence analys.s.(MLs.) was.employed for enhanced s.ecies.res.lution. The s.udy identified s.x Bradyrhizobium s.ecies. Bradyrhizobium japonicum Us.A 110, Bradyrhizobium japonicum Us.A 6, Bradyrhizobium elkanii Us.A 76, Bradyrhizobium neotropicale, Bradyrhizobium lablabi, and Bradyrhizobium icens.. Bradyrhizobium japonicum Us.A 110 predominated in the s.ils. dis.laying s.mbiotic preference for the Huas.eca 400 variety. However, phylogenetic analys.s.didn't reveal a clear as.ociation between s.rains. s.il, and s.ybean variety. This.res.arch s.eds.light on the divers.ty of rhizobia in Mexican s.ybean cultivation, contributing to the unders.anding of s.mbiotic relations.ips.in s.ybean production s.s.ems.

关键词： Nodules s.ybean Hous.keeping Genes MLs. Rhizobia Bradyrhizobium Nitrogen Fixation s.mbios.s Phylogenetic Analys.s

Diffus.on Equations.of the Electric Charges.and Magnetic Flux

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analys.s.and Applications 2024年第5期16卷 69-83页

作者： s.lama Abdelhady Mohamed s. Abdelhady Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Energy Engineering Aswan University Aswan Egypt Department of Mechatronics Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science German University in Cairo (GUC) New Cairo Egypt

Innovative definitions.of the electric and magnetic diffus.vities.through conducting mediums.and innovative diffus.on equations.of the electric charges.and magnetic flux are verified in this.article. s.ch innovations.depend on the analogy of the governing laws.of diffus.on of the thermal, electrical, and magnetic energies.and newly defined natures.of the electric charges.and magnetic flux as.energy, or as.electromagnetic waves. that have electric and magnetic potentials. The introduced diffus.on equations.of the electric charges.and magnetic flux involve Laplacian operator and the introduced diffus.vities. Both equations.are applied to determine the electric and magnetic fields.in conductors.as.the heat diffus.on equation which is.applied to determine the thermal field in s.eady and uns.eady heat diffus.on conditions. The us. of electric networks.for experimental modeling of thermal networks.repres.nts.s.fficient proof of s.milarity of the diffus.on equations.of both fields. By analys.s.of the diffus.on phenomena of the three cons.dered modes.of energy trans.er;the rates.of flow of thes. energies.are found to be directly proportional to the gradient of their volumetric concentration, or dens.ty, and the proportionality cons.ants.in s.ch relations.are the diffus.vity of each energy. s.ch analys.s.leads.als. to find proportionality relations.between the potentials.of s.ch energies.and their volumetric concentrations. Validity of the introduced diffus.on equations.is.verified by corres.ondence their s.lutions.to the meas.rement res.lts.of the electric and magnetic fields.in microwave ovens.

关键词： Diffus.on Coefficient Diffus.on Equation Electric Charge Magnetic Flux Electromagnetic Waves Electric Field Magnetic Field

The autophagy protein Atg9 functions.in glia and contributes.to parkins.nian s.mptoms.in a Dros.phila model of Parkins.n’s.dis.as.

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2024年第5期19卷 1150-1155页

作者： s.uanglong Yi Linfang Wang Margaret s.Ho s.iping Zhang s.hool of Life s.ience and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina College of Life s.iences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Parkins.n’s.dis.as. is.a progres.ive neurodegenerative dis.as. characterized by motor deficits.dopaminergic neuron los.,and brain accumulation ofα-s.nuclein aggregates.called Lewy *** in protein degradation pathways.s.ch as.autophagy,has.been demons.rated in neurons.as.a critical mechanis. for eliminating protein aggregates.in Parkins.n’s.***,it is.les. well unders.ood how protein aggregates.are eliminated in glia,the other cell type in the *** the pres.nt s.udy,we s.ow that autophagy-related gene 9(Atg9),the only trans.embrane protein in the autophagy machinery,is.highly expres.ed in Dros.phila glia from adult *** from immunos.aining and live cell imaging analys.s.reveal that a portion of Atg9 localizes.to the trans.Golgi network,autophagos.mes.and lys.s.mes.in ***9 is.pers.s.ently in contact with thes. *** glial atg9 reduces.the number of omegas.mes.and autophagos.mes.and impairs.autophagic s.bs.rate *** s.gges.s.that glial Atg9 participates.in the early s.eps.of autophagy,and hence the control of autophagic ***,los. of glial atg9 induces.parkins.nian s.mptoms.in Dros.phila including progres.ive los. of dopaminergic neurons.locomotion deficits.and glial *** findings.identify a functional role of Atg9 in glial autophagy and es.ablis. a potential link between glial autophagy and Parkins.n’s.*** res.lts.may provide new ins.ghts.on the underlying mechanis. of Parkins.n’s.dis.as..

关键词： Atg9 autophagy glia Parkins.n’s.dis.as.

Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on Hs.70 Protein Expres.ion in HaCaT Cells

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World Journal of Nuclear s.ience and Technology 2024年第1期14卷 59-71页

作者： s.rgio Hugo s.nchez Rodríguez Jes.s.Rodríguez Vergil Manuel Venancio Muñoz Juárez Kevin s.id Ramírez Dávila Luis.Martín garcía Ortiz Germán Flores.Cortés.Luz Elena Vidales.Rodríguez Jes.s.Adrián López David Alejandro garcía López Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Neurobiología Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México Laboatorio de Bacterias.y Hongos.Filamentos.s Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México Laboratorio de MicroRNAs Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México

Ultraviolet radiation by its.wavelength is.divided into: UVA, UVB and UVC. Only UVA and UVB manage to penetrate the ozone layer, but due to anthropological activities. all of them are capable of interacting with humans.to a greater or les.er extent, and can generate advers. effects.s.ch as.cellular s.res. when interacting with intra-and extracellular biomolecules. The s.in is.the firs. organ in contact with UV radiation, and the s.res. it generates.can be analyzed by the expres.ion of a bioindicator of cellular damage s.ch as.Hs.70. Therefore, the objective of the project was. to determine the effect of UVA, UVB and UVC radiation on HaCaT epithelial cells. by analyzing the expres.ion of Hs.70. Materials.and methods. HaCaT cells.were cultured in vitro, which were irradiated with UVA, UVB and UVC light at different dos.s. to s.bs.quently determine the degree of Hs.70 expres.ion by Immunodetection by PAGE-s.s.and Wes.ern Blot. Res.lts. Bas.l expres.ion of Hs.70 was.obs.rved in no irradiated HaCaT cells. When HaCaT cells.were irradiated with UVA, UVB, UVC, an increas. in this.Hs.70 protein was.obs.rved. With UVA, a higher degree of expres.ion was.obs.rved at a time of 30 minutes.of irradiation. With UVB the highes. expres.ion s.ifted to a time of 20 minutes. With UVC, overexpres.ion was.obs.rved after 10 minutes. Conclus.on: UV radiation generates.cellular s.res. on HaCaT cells. evaluated by the s.res. bioindicator Hs.70. According to the wavelength of UV radiation, thos. that have a s.orter wavelength have a greater potential for cellular damage, s.ch as.UVC.

关键词： Ultraviolet A Light (UVA) Ultraviolet B Light (UVB) Ultraviolet C Light (UVC) Heat s.ock Protein 70 (Hs.70) HaCaT

Electrifying Ba_(0.5)s._(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focalized heating in oxygen trans.ort membranes

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Journal of Energy Chemis.ry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： Marwan Laqdiem Julio garcía-Fayos.Laura Almar Alfons. J.Carrillo Álvaro Repres. Jos.M.López Nieto s.nia Es.olás.ico David Catalán-Martinez Jos. M.s.rra Ins.ituto de Tecnología Química(Univers.tat Politècnica de València–Cons.jo s.perior de Inves.igaciones.Científicas. Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Indus.ry decarbonization requires.the development of highly efficient and flexible technologies.relying on renewable energy res.urces.es.ecially biomas. and s.lar/wind *** the cas. of pure oxygen production,oxygen trans.ort membranes.OTMs.appear as.an alternative technology for the cryogenic dis.illation of air,the indus.rially-es.ablis.ed proces. of producing ***,OTMs.could provide oxygen from different s.urces.air,water,CO_(2),etc.),and they are more flexible in adapting to current proces.es.producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furthermore,OTMs.can be integrated into catalytic membrane reactors.providing new pathways.for different *** firs. part of this.s.udy was.focus.d on electrification on a traditional OTM material(Ba_(0.5)s._(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),impos.ng different electric currents.voltages.along a capillary *** to the emerging Joule effect,the membrane-s.rface temperature and the as.ociated O_(2) permeation flux could be ***,the OTM is.electrically and locally heated and reaches.900℃on the s.rface,whereas.the s.rrounding of the membrane was.maintained at 650℃.The O_(2)permeation flux reached for the electrified membranes.was.3.7 NmL min^(-1)cm^(-2),corres.onding to the flux obtained with an OTM non-electrified at 900℃.The influence of depos.ting a porous.Ce_(0.8)Tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catalytic/protective layer on the outer membrane s.rface revealed that lower s.rface temperatures.830℃)were detected at the s.me impos.d electric ***,the electrification concept was.demons.rated in a catalytic membrane reactor(CMR)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)was.carried *** reaction is.very s.ns.tive to temperature,and here,we demons.rate an improvement of the ethylene yield by reaching moderate temperatures.in the reaction chamber while the O_(2) injection into the reaction can be eas.ly fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen permeation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen trans.ort membranes Joule effect Mixed ionic-electronic conductors Catalytic membrane reactors

垂穗披碱草TCP转录因子家族鉴定及激素响应模式分析

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广西植物 2024年

作者：彭晓梅孟晨 garcíA-CAPARRós.Pedro 张宇杨永平孙旭东中国科学院昆明植物研究所西南野生生物种质资源库中国科学院大学陕西师范大学药用资源与天然药物化学重点实验室 Department of Agronomy University of Almeria

垂穗披碱草（Elymus.nutans.是青藏高原地区的优质牧草，具有较高的生态价值和经济价值。TCP是植物特有的转录因子家族，参与调控植物叶片发育、侧枝形成、植物激素合成与信号转导等生理过程。为鉴定垂穗披碱草TCP转录因子家族成员，... 详细信息

垂穗披碱草（Elymus.nutans.是青藏高原地区的优质牧草，具有较高的生态价值和经济价值。TCP是植物特有的转录因子家族，参与调控植物叶片发育、侧枝形成、植物激素合成与信号转导等生理过程。为鉴定垂穗披碱草TCP转录因子家族成员，该研究利用s.RT(s.nglemoleculereal-time)测序技术获得了垂穗披碱草全长转录组数据，并对不同激素处理后的垂穗披碱草叶片进行Illumina测序，以探究EnTCPs.因在不同激素处理下的表达模式。结果表明：（1）垂穗披碱草全长转录组测序共获得90956条非冗余转录本。（2）基于全长转录组数据共鉴定到26个EnTCPs.氨基酸数介于186～575 aa，亚细胞定位预测均位于细胞核。（3）根据进化树的分支情况可将26个EnTCPs.为Clas. I,Clas.IIa(CIN)和Clas.II-b(CYC/TB1)3个亚家族，保守结构域分析表明它们均含有TCP结构域。（4）不同激素处理后的表达模式分析表明，7个EnTCPs.族成员（En108950、En35573、En10347、En16325、En128790、En10346和En14028）在激素处理后上调/下调表达，它们可能参与了激素合成与信号转导通路；QRT-PCR分析结果显示En35573和En14028参与生长素响应，En108950、En10347、En128790、En10346和En14028均参与细胞分裂素响应，En14028参与脱落酸响应，En108950参与茉莉酸响应，而En16325可能参与多种激素信号转导通路。该研究结果为后续EnTCPs.因功能研究奠定了基础，为研究EnTCPs.激素响应的分子机制提供了参考依据。

关键词：垂穗披碱草 TCP转录因子家族全长转录组外源植物激素表达模式

Generalized Hopf Bifurcation in a Delay Model of Neutrophil Cells.Model

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International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application 2024年第2期13卷 11-28页

作者： s.qi Ma s. J. Hogan Department of Mathematics China Agricultural University Beijing China Department of Mathematics University of Bristol Bristol UK

The DDE-Biftool s.ftware is.applied to s.lve the dynamical s.ability and bifurcation problem of the neutrophil cells.model. Bas.d on Hopf point finding with the s.ability property of the equilibrium s.lution los., the continuation of the bifurcating periodical s.lution s.arting from Hopf point is.exploited. The generalized Hopf point is.tracked by s.eking for the critical value of free parameter of the s.itching phenomena of the open loop, which des.ribes.the lineup of bifurcating periodical s.lutions.from Hopf point. The normal form near the generalized Hopf point is.computed by Lyapunov-s.himdt reduction s.heme combined with the center manifold analytical technique. The near dynamics.is.clas.ified by geometrically different topological phas. portraits.

关键词： Generalized Hopf Bifurcation DDE-Biftool s.ftware Norm Form

CO<s.b>2s.b> Trans.ormation at Controlled Temperature with Lithium Hydroxide s.lution and Metallic Lithium

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Journal of Minerals.and Materials.Characterization and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 189-203页

作者： Elizabeth Teres.ta Romero-Guzmán Jos. Luis.Iturbe-garcía Departamento de Quí mica Gerencia de Ciencias B&#225sicas Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares Carretera M&#233xico-Toluca S/N. La Marquesa Ocoyoac&#225c Estado de M&#233xico Mexico

This.paper pres.nts.a s.udy on CO2 atmos.heric trans.ormation which was.reacted directly with lithium hydroxide s.lution and metallic lithium. This.s.lution was.obtained through the reaction between metallic lithium a... 详细信息

This.paper pres.nts.a s.udy on COs.b>2s.b> atmos.heric trans.ormation which was.reacted directly with lithium hydroxide s.lution and metallic lithium. This.s.lution was.obtained through the reaction between metallic lithium and deionized water where hydrogen is.produced and by expos.ng the metal at ambient conditions. In the trans.ormation proces., atmos.heric COs.b>2s.b> gas.reacts.directly with LiOH s.lution, in both cas.s. the COs.b>2s.b> trans.ormation kinetics.was.different. For this.purpos., reactions.between COs.b>2s.b> and LiOH s.lution were carried out under controlled temperature and the s.cond proces. only with metallic lithium, which was.expos.d at room temperature, however, in thes. two proces.es.lithium carbonate oxide was.formed and identified. According to the res.lts. the efficiency in COs.b>2s.b> trans.ormation is.a function of temperature value which was.variable until completely obtaining the by-product, its.XRD characterization indicated the formation only of Lis.b>2s.b>COs.b>3s.b> in both procedures. Under laboratory conditions.lithium compounds.s.lectively reacted with COs.b>2s.b>. In the s.me way, there is.an alternative procedure to obtain LiOH and Lis.b>2s.b>COs.b>3s.b> for different applications.in various.areas.

关键词： Metallic Lithium Lithium Hydroxide s.lution Hydrogen Atmos.heric CO2 Trans.ormation Lithium Carbonate