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Effects of land use on the fungal spore richness in small crater-lake basins of western Uganda

Fungal Diversity 2012年第4期55卷 125-142页

作者： vanessa Gelorini Annemieke Verbeken Luc Lens Hilde Eggermont Bent Vad Odgaard Dirk Verschuren Limnology Unit Department of BiologyGhent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium Research Group Mycology Department of BiologyGhent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium Terrestrial Ecology Unit Department of BiologyGhent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Freshwater BiologyVautierstraat 291000 BrusselsBelgium Department of Geosciences University of AarhusHoegh Guldbergsgade 2DK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark Research Unit Palaeontology Department of Geology and Soil SciencesGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281/S89000 GhentBelgium

Mycological tools to estimate the effects of diverse land-use practices on fungal diversity are scarce,because of poor knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of tropical fungi and their response to anthropogenic habitat ***,we investigate assemblages of fungal spores,recently deposited in the bottom sediments of 24 small crater lakes in western Uganda,to assess the relationship between the local richness of fungi and environmental variation in the crater basin along regional gradients of natural vegetation and land *** recovered~9500 fungal spore specimens,which could be attributed to 216 *** an information-theoretic approach based on the corrected Akaike Information Criterion(AICc),we determined the environmental factors which best explained variation in the diversity of fungal spores among three datasets:(i)the full set of 24 crater basins,(ii)the subset of 22 basins with freshwater lakes,and(iii)the subset of 17 basins partly or completely in agricultural use(cropland,fallow land,pasture and plantation).In these 17 human-impacted crater basins our results revealed a negative relationship between fungal spore richness and the areal fraction of basins in agricultural ***,this detrimental effect of land use on fungal spore richness was not apparent across the full set of both disturbed and(presently)undisturbed *** was due to large variation in fungal spore richness among the undisturbed basins covered either with forest or savannah vegetation,probably resulting from site-specific controls on fungal habitat diversity,such as climatic moisture balance and the composition of natural and/or secondary *** land-use effects on fungal spore diversity,as documented in this study,suggest that communities of tropical fungi progressively exposed to land-use practices are threatened by species ***,our study demonstrates the need to develop conservation strategies mitigating the impacts of agriculture on the biodiversity o

关键词： Fungal spores Richness Land use Lake basins Western Uganda

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Autoimmune gastritis presenting as iron deficiency anemia in childhood

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15780-15786页

作者： Cristina Gon?alves Maria Emília Oliveira Ana M Palha Anabela Ferr?o Anabela.morais Ana Isabel Lopes Gastroenterology Unit Pediatric Department University Hospital Santa Maria Lisbon Academic Medical Centre Pathology Department University Hospital Santa Maria Lisbon Academic Medical Centre Hematology Unit Pediatric Department University Hospital Santa Maria Lisbon Academic Medical Centre

AIM: To characterize clinical, laboratorial, and histological profile of pediatric autoimmune gastritis in the setting of unexplained iron deficiency anemia investigation.

关键词： Autoimmune gastritis Iron deficiency anemia Children

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Drought can offset potential water use efficiency of forest ecosystems from rising atmospheric CO2

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期32卷 262-274页

作者： Ning Liu Jatin Kala Shirong Liu vanessa Haverd Bernard Dell Keith R.J.Smettem Richard J.Harper Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150 Australia Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 10091 China CSIRO Oceans&Atmosphere ACT 2600 Australia

Increasing atmospheric CO2 is both leading to climate change and providing a potential fertilisation effect on plant ***,southern Australia has also experienced a significant decline in rainfall over the last 30 years,resulting in increased vegetative water *** better understand the dynamics and responses of Australian forest ecosystems to drought and elevated CO2,the magnitude and trend in water use efficiency(WUE)of forests,and their response to drought and elevated CO2 from 1982 to 2014 were analysed,using the best available model estimates constrained by observed fluxes from simulations with fixed and time-varying *** ratio of gross primary productivity(GPP)to evapotranspiration(ET)(WUEe)was used to identify the ecosystem scale WUE,while the ratio of GPP to transpiration(Tr)(WUEc)was used as a measure of canopy scale *** increased significantly in northern Australia(p<0.001)for woody savannas(WSA),whereas there was a slight decline in the WUE of evergreen broadleaf forests(EBF)in the southeast and southwest of *** lag of WUEc to drought was consistent and relatively short and stable between biomes(<3 months),but notably varied for WUEe,with a long time-lag(mean of 10 months).The dissimilar responses of WUEe and WUEc to climate change for different geographical areas result from the different proportion of Tr in ***2 fertilization and a wetter climate enhanced WUE in northern Australia,whereas drought offset the CO2 fertilization effect in southern Australia.

关键词： Water use efficiency Elevated CO2 Carbon sequestration,drought Forest Australia

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Analysis of an event study using the Fama–French five‑factor model:teaching approaches including spreadsheets and the R programming language

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 2042-2075页

作者： Monica Martinez‑Blasco vanessa Serrano Francesc Prior Jordi Cuadros IQS School of Management-Universitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta 39008017 BarcelonaSpain IQS School of Engineering-Universitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta 39008017 BarcelonaSpain

The current financial education framework has an increasing need to introduce tools that facilitate the application of theoretical models to real-world data and ***,only a limited number of free tools are available for this *** this lack of tools,the present study provides two approaches to facilitate the implementa-tion of an event *** first approach consists of a set of MS Excel files based on the Fama–French five-factor model,which allows the application of the event study methodology in a semi-automatic *** second approach is an open-source R-programmed tool through which results can be obtained in the context of an event study without the need for programming *** tool widens the calculus possibilities provided by the first approach and offers the option to apply not only the Fama–French five-factor model but also other models that are common in the finan-cial *** is a user-friendly tool that enables reproducibility of the analysis and ensures that the calculations are free of manipulation *** approaches are freely available and ready-to-use.

关键词： Event study Fama–French five-factor model Financial education Teaching innovation Spreadsheet R programming language

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Distal renal tubular acidosis:genetic causes and management

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第5期15卷 422-431页

作者： Sílvia Bouissou morais Soares Luiz Alberto Wanderley de Menezes Silva Flávia Cristina de Carvalho Mrad Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)Av.Prof.Alfredo Balena190Room#281Belo HorizonteMG 30130-100Brazil Pediatric Nephrology Unit Faculty of MedicineUFMGBelo HorizonteBrazil

Background Distal renal tubular acidosis(dRTA)is a kidney tubulopathy that causes a state of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis due to impairment of urine *** review aims to summarize the etiology,pathophysiology,clinical findings,diagnosis and therapeutic approach of dRTA,with emphasis on genetic causes of *** sources Literature reviews and original research articles from databases,including PubMed and Google *** searching was performed to identify additional studies about *** dRTA is characterized as the dysfunction of the distal urinary acidification,leading to metabolic *** pediatric patients,the most frequent etiology of dRTA is the genetic alteration of genes responsible for the codification of distal tubule channels,whereas,in adult patients,dRTA is more commonly secondary to autoimmune diseases,use of medications and *** with dRTA exhibit failure to thrive and important laboratory alterations,which are used to define the *** oral alkali and potassium supplementation can correct the biochemical defects,improve clinical manifestations and avoid nephrolithiasis and *** dRTA is a multifactorial disease leading to several clinical *** and laboratory alterations can be corrected by alkali replacement therapy.

关键词： Renal tubular acidosis Distal tubule physiology Metabolic acidosis Gene mutations Proton pump

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The influence of canopy-layer composition on understory plant diversity in southern temperate forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第2期4卷 154-166页

作者： Luciana Mestre Monica Toro-Manriquez Rosina Soler Alejandro Huertas-Herrera Guillermo Martinez-Pastur Maria vanessa Lencinas National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) Austral Center for Scientific Research (CADIC-CONICET) Houssay 200 9410 Ushuaia Tierradel Fuego Argentina

Background： Understory plants represents the largest component of biodiversity in most forest ecosystems and plays a key role in forest *** their importance, the influence of overstory-layer composition on understory plant diversity is relatively poorly understood within deciduous-evergreen broadleaved mixed *** aim of this work was to evaluate how tree overstory-layer composition influences on understory-layer diversity in three forest types（monospecific deciduous Nothofagus pumilio（Np）, monospecific evergreen Nothofagus betuloides（Nb）, and mixed ***（M） forests）, comparing also between two geographical locations（coast and mountain） to estimate differences at landscape ***： We recorded 46 plant species： 4 ferns, 12 monocots, and 30 ***-layer composition influences the herb-layer structure and diversity in two different ways： while mixed forests have greater similarity to evergreen forests in the understory structural features, deciduous and mixed were similar in terms of the specific composition of plant *** pure stands were the most diverse, meanwhile evergreen stands were least *** of exclusive species of mixed forest could represent a transition where evergreen and deciduous communities meet and ***, landscape has a major influence on the structure, diversity and richness of understory vegetation of pure and mixed forests likely associated to the magnitude and frequency of natural disturbances, where mountain forest not only had highest herb-layer diversity but also more exclusive ***： Our study suggests that mixed Nothofagus forest supports coexistence of both pure deciduous and pure evergreen understory plant species and different assemblages in coastal and mountain *** the mixture of canopy patch types within mixed stands will be important for conserving the natural patterns of understory plant composition in southern beech mixe

关键词： Landscape Understory communities Understory structure Forest structure Nothofagus Conservation

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Forage offering and seasonal intake comparisons to evaluate European rabbit threat in Nothofagus forests of southern Patagonia

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 604-617页

作者： Alejandro Huertas Herrera Mónica Toro‑Manríquez Laura Borrelli María vanessa Lencinas Guillermo Martínez Pastur Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia(CIEP) Camino Baguales s/n Km 4CoyhaiqueChile Ulterarius Consultores Ambientales y Científicos Ltda. Ignacio Serrano 420CoyhaiqueChile Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(INTA) EEA BarilocheModesta Victoria 44508400 San Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas(CADIC)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Houssay 2009410 UshuaiaTierra del FuegoArgentina.

Background:The European rabbit(Oryctolagus cuniculus L.1758)was introduced into different regions of the world,generating significant trade‑offs that critically impacted native ***,we evaluate the rabbit’s forage intakes in three vegetation types(forests,shrublands,and grasslands)along the four seasons in a temperate forest landscape in Southern Patagonia and discuss the potential threats over native *** formulated the following questions:(i)what is the forage offer at each vegetation type?(ii)what is the rabbit’s forage intake and how it varied across the seasons along the year?and(iii)which vegetation types and plant life forms were more used according to the rabbit’s forage intakes?Methods:We censused understory vegetation to characterize the forage offer at each vegetation type and determined seasonal dietary intakes using microhistological analysis of *** plant species identified in the field were grouped according to life form classes(tree regeneration,shrubs,forbs,graminoids,orchids,ferns,bryophytes,and hemiparasites).Data were analysed through uni‑and multi‑variate analyses,determining relationships between forage offer and the rabbit’s forage ***:Forage intakes revealed changes in plant life form consumption across vegetation types,where intake pressure was considerably different for tree regeneration(p=0.001),graminoids(p=0.001),and hemiparasites(p=0.001).Besides,significant changes in consumption among seasons were detected for shrubs(p=0.001),ferns(p=0.030),and hemiparasites(p=0.002).Although many species play an important role in the rabbit’s forage intake networks(e.g.,Chiliotrichum diffusum,Holcus lanatus),the strongest intake linkages were found in exotic grasses(e.g.,Poa pratensis and Festuca sp.),native hemiparasites(e.g.,Misodendrum sp.),native shrubs(e.g.,Empetrum rubrum),and native trees(e.g.,Nothofagus sp.).The summer and autumn seasons presented higher intake compared to the winter and spring seasons.F

关键词： Forest ecology Oryctolagus cuniculus Plant-animal interaction Vegetation type Herbivory Habitat use

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Energy Conversion Factor for Gasoline Engines in Real-World Driving Emission Cycle

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Automotive Innovation 2020年第2期3卷 169-180页

作者： Toshizaemom Noce Sérgio de morais Hanriot Luis Carlos Monteiro Sales JoséRicardo Sodré Matheus Bitarães de Novaes Department of Mechanical Engineering Pontifical University of Minas GeraisAv.Dom JoséGaspar 500Belo HorizonteMG 30535-901Brazil School of Engineering&Applied Science Aston UniversityAston TriangleBirmingham B47ETUK Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas GeraisAv.Pres.Antônio Carlos6627Belo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil

A precise energy conversion factor is required to define the impact of greenhouse gas emissions by gasoline-powered vehi-cles and policies that will guide the application of future *** current energy conversion factor adopted by many countries is based on the Willans line approach,initially proposed in 1888 for steam engines,later adapted for internal combustion *** actual energy conversion factor,which defines the energy conversion for drivers in real traffic,is *** this article,eight world-class engines are tested in an engine bench for the acquisition of specific fuel consumption 3D ***,their energy conversion factors,calculated by dividing the energy output by the energy input,are simulated in real and urban traffic,acquired according to the real driving emissions(RDE)*** addition,a reference vehicle is instrumented to measure the energy input(fuel flow)and the energy output(mechanical energy in the half axles)under the same RDE cycle *** results of both procedures are very similar,respectively,0.405±0.04 L/kWh for the simulation based on eight benchmark engines,and 0.392±0.04 L/kWh for the reference vehicle driven in RDE traffic conditions,with a 95%confidence *** turbocharged engines,the factor attained by the simulation is 0.395±0.04 L/*** values of the energy conversion factor for gasoline engines got in this research are higher than those obtained through the Willans line approach,suggesting a new standard value of 0.405 L/kWh,replacing the current 0.264 L/*** could substantially change the greenhouse gas emissions in a tank-to-wheel approach for the entire vehicle and add-on eco-innovations.

关键词： Energy conversion factor Willans line EC443 Eco-innovation CO_(2)emission

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Hydrogen breath test for the diagnosis of lactose intolerance,is the routine sugar load the best one?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第40期14卷 6204-6207页

作者： Fiorenza Argnani Mauro Di Camillo vanessa Marinaro Tiziana Foglietta Veronica Avallone Carlo Cannella Piero Vernia Gastroenterologia A e Scienza dell'Alimentazione Sapienza Università di Roma

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of lactose intolerance (LI) following a load of 12.5 g in patients diagnosed as high-grade malabsorbers using the hydrogen breath test (HBT)-***: Ninety patients showing high-grade malabsorption at HBT-25 were submitted to a second HBT with a lactose load of 12.5 *** hydrogen production,area under the curve of hydrogen excretion and occurrence of symptoms were ***: Only 16 patients (17.77%) with positive HBT-25 proved positive at *** production was lower as compared to HBT-25 (peak value 21.55 parts per million (ppm) ± 29.54 SD vs 99.43 ppm ± 40.01 SD; P < 0.001).Symptoms were present in only 13 *** absence of symptoms during the high-dose test has a high negative predictive value (0.84) for a negative low-dose *** presence of symptoms during the first test was not useful for predicting a positive low-dose test (positive predictive value 0.06-0.31).CONCLUSION: Most patients with a positive HBT-25 normally absorb a lower dose of lactose and a strict lactose restriction on the basis of a "standard" HBT is,in most instances,***,the 25 g lactose tolerance test should probably be substituted by the 12.5 g test in the diagnosis of LI,and in providing dietary guidelines to patients with suspected lactose malabsorption/intolerance.

关键词： Lactase deficiency Lactose malabsorption Lactose intolerance Hydrogen breath test

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Epidemiology of burns and scalds in children presenting to the emergency department of a regional burns unit: a 7-year retrospective study

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第3期4卷 245-250页

作者： Ceri Elisabeth Battle vanessa Evans Karen James Katherine Guy Janet Whitley Phillip Adrian Evans Department of Emergency Medicine NISCHR Haemostasis Biomedical Research UnitMorriston HospitalSwanseaUK Department of Physiotherapy Morriston HospitalSwanseaUK Department of Emergency Medicine NISCHR Haemostasis Biomedical Research UnitMorriston HospitalSwanseaUK Department of Physiotherapy Morriston HospitalSwanseaUK Department of Emergency Medicine Morriston HospitalSwanseaWales SA66NLUK

Background:Variation in the incidence and mechanism of thermal injury has been reported in different age groups in *** aim of this study was to report the incidence,mechanisms,and environmental factors of all burns presentations to the emergency department(ED)of a regional burns centre over a 7-year ***:A retrospective,chart review study of all burns presentations to the ED of a regional burns centre in South Wales was *** children recorded as having sustained a burn or scald,aged less than 16 years were included in the ***’demographics were analysed using descriptive statistics,and comparisons were made between patients aged less than 5 and patients aged 5-16 using chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U ***:A total of 1387 cases were included in the final *** were the most common thermal injury with 569(41.0%)reported,followed by contact burns in 563(40.6%)*** patients requiring hospitalisation were significantly younger(2 vs 3 years;p<0.001)and had a higher rate of non-accidental injury(10 vs 4;p<0.001).The most commonly injured site in both age groups was a hand or ***:Scalds and contact burns were the most commonly reported thermal injury in children aged less than *** mechanisms were hot beverages,hobs and hair straighteners,highlighting further burn prevention strategies are needed and good-quality prospective studies that investigate the effectiveness of such strategies.

关键词： Burns epidemiology Paediatrics Emergency department

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