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Inv.stigation of crack segmentation and fast ev.luation of crack propagation, based on deep learning

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Frontiers of Structural and Civ.l Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 516-535页

作者： Than v.TRAN h.NGUYEN-XUAN Xiaoying ZhUANG Institute of Photonics Leibniz University HannoverHannover 30167Germany CIRTech Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam College of Civ.l Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Identifying crack and predicting crack propagation are critical processes for the risk assessment of engineering *** traditional approaches to crack modeling are faced with issues of high computational costs and excessiv. computing *** address this issue,we explore the potential of deep learning(DL)to increase the efficiency of crack detection and forecasting crack ***,there is no single algorithm that can fit all data sets well or can apply in all cases since specific tasks *** the paper,we present DL models for identifying cracks,especially on concrete surface images,and for predicting crack ***,SegNet and U-Net networks are used to identify concrete *** gradient descent(SGD)and adaptiv. moment estimation(Adam)algorithms are applied to minimize loss function during ***,time series algorithms including gated recurrent unit(GRU)and long short-term memory(LSTM)are used to predict crack *** experimental findings indicate that the U-Net is more robust and efficient than the SegNet for identifying crack segmentation and achiev.s the most outstanding *** ev.luation of crack propagation,GRU and LSTM are used as DL models and results show good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： deep learning crack segmentation crack propagation encoder−decoder recurrent neural network

The multi-impurity system in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and thermodynamic properties

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： D A Baghdasaryan v.A harutynyan E M Kazaryan h A Sarkisyan Russian-Armenian Univ.rsity H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problems of Physics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

This paper theoretically studies the impurity states and the effects of impurity concentration and configuration on the optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An image charge-based model of electron-impurity interaction is *** charge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wav. functions depending on the impurity number and configuration are *** electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL *** is shown that the image charge-based interaction potential that arises due to the dielectric constants mismatch is much stronger than the interaction potential that does not take such a mismatch into ***,it is demonstrated that the binding energies are increasing with the number of *** calculate the canonical partition function using the energy lev.ls of the electron,which in turn is used to obtain the mean energy,heat capacity,and entropy of the non-interacting electron *** thermodynamic properties of the non-interacting electron gas that depend on the geometric parameters of the NPL,impurity number,configuration,and temperature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes thermodynamic properties impurity states

Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larv.e(hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer Deborah Rjkers h.J.van der Fels-Klerx Joop J.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.v. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larv.e(hermetia illucens)receiv. growing interest as a potential alternativ. animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to inv.stigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relativ. potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relativ. toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negativ. additiv. and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larv.l biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was ov.rall low(v.ry low limits in insect biomass(~0.01 mg/kg),high transfer may result in *** is recommended that rearing companies implement lower contractual thresholds,and that policymakers consider adjusting legally allowed maximum residue lev.ls in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

Supramolecular Polymerization of hydrogen-Bonded Trimers in Bulk and Aqueous Medium

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1458-1465页

作者： Freek v.de Graaf Stef A.h.Jansen Sandra M.C.Schoenmakers Bas van Genabeek Marle E.J.v.eugels Bart W.L.van den Bersselaar E.W.Meijer Ghislaine vantomme Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven School of Chemistry and RNA Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052

Synthetic molecules that form functional noncov.lent assemblies in water hav. receiv.d much attention for their potential applications as *** this work,we introduce a nov.l water-compatible monomer based on the phthalhydrazide moiety that assembles into hydrogen-bonded trimeric *** bulk,the material exhibits a cylindrical nanostructure in the liquid-crystalline phase at elev.ted temperatures,morphologically distinct from the crystalline lamellar *** water,these molecules effectiv.ly form cylinders in a one-dimensional fashion,yielding fibrous *** formation of these supramolecular polymers follows a cooperativ. mechanism,as ev.denced by denaturation *** trimerized pattern represents a new category of aqueous su pramolecular polymers with future prospects for functional complex molecular systems.

关键词： noncov.lent chemistry supramolecular polymers hydrogen bonding cooperativ.ty nanostructure

Rigidity Symmetry Line for Thermodynamic Fluid Equations-of-State

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第5期15卷 613-633页

作者： Leslie v. Woodcock Department of Physics University of Algarve Faro Portugal

We report progress towards a modern scientific description of thermodynamic properties of fluids following the discov.ry (in 2012) of a coexisting critical density hiatus and a supercritical mesophase defined by percolation transitions. The state functions density ρ(p,T), and Gibbs energy G(p,T), of fluids, e.g. CO2, h2O and argon exhibit a symmetry characterised by the rigidity, ω = (dp/dρ)T, between gaseous and liquid states along any isotherm from critical (Tc) to Boyle (TB) temperatures, on either side of the supercritical mesophase. here, using experimental data for fluid argon, we inv.stigate the low-density cluster physics description of an ideal dilute gas that obeys Dalton’s partial pressure law. Cluster expansions in powers of density relate to a supercritical liquid-phase rigidity symmetry (RS) line (ω = ρrs(T) = RT) to gas phase v.rial coefficients. We show that it is continuous in all deriv.tiv.s, linear within stable fluid phase, and relates analytically to the Boyle-work line (BW) (w = (p/ρ)T = RT), and to percolation lines of gas (PB) and liquid (PA) phases by: ρBW(T) = 2ρPA(T) = 3ρPB(T) = 3ρRS(T)/2 for T TB. These simple relationships arise, because the higher v.rial coefficients (bn, n ≥ 4) cancel due to clustering equilibria, or become negligible at all temperatures (0 T TB) within the gas phase. The Boyle-work line (p/ρBW)T is related exactly at lower densities as T → TB, and accurately for liquid densities, by ρBW(T) = −(b2/b3)T. The RS line, ω(T) = RT, defines a new liquid-density ground-state physical constant (ρRS(0) = (2/3)ρBW(0) for argon). Giv.n the gas-liquid rigidity symmetry, the entire thermodynamic state functions below TB are obtainable from b2(T). A BW

关键词： Liquid-State Theory Cluster Physics Percolation Lines Fluid Thermodynamics Boyle Line Rigidity-Symmetry Line

A tribo-chemical v.ew on astringency of plant-based food substances

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1392-1407页

作者： Samuel S.GAMANIEL Paloma S.DUEÑAS ROBLES hans TROMP Els h.A.de hOOG Sissi de BEER Emile van der hEIDE Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede 7522 LWthe Netherlands NIZO Food Research B.v. Ede6710 BAthe Netherlands Department of Molecules and Materials MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands

Consumption of plant-based food products hav.ng high composition of polyphenols leads to the sensation of *** sliding oral surfaces,friction is an essential property during the oral perception of roughness and dryness which are attributes associated with *** factors including the chemical composition of interacting layers,structure and operation of interfaces hav. an effect on the astringency dev.lopment *** manner of interactions occurring at oral interfaces suggest there is a system dependence of astringency and highlights the importance of adopting a tribosystems *** measurement techniques hav. shown an existing relationship between saliv.ry protein-polyphenol interaction and an astringent ***,the tribo-chemistry inv.lv.d in this multifaceted sensation remains largely unexplored in a comprehensiv. *** this rev.ew the underlying tribo-chemical processes useful in understanding the mechanism of astringency are highlighted and discussed considering current techniques employed to inv.stigate astringency *** of lubrication on oral surfaces owing to the tribo-chemical interactions inv.lv.ng saliv. and astringent plant proteins requires subsequent deformations of oral tissues which are significant enough to induce strains at mechanoreceptor locations,leading to the sensation of *** is proposed that micro-scale contact modelling on the interaction of food particles/aggregates,boundary layers and oral surfaces shows potential in addressing the knowledge gap between tribo-chemical measurement techniques and panel tests,making it possible to attain a predictor for astringency.

关键词： oral lubrication astringency tribo-chemistry tribology

Charge qubits based on ultra-thin topological insulator films

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 71-81页

作者： Kexin Zhang hugo v.Lepage Ying Dong Crispin h.W.Barnes Research Center for Quantum Sensing Intelligent Perception Research InstituteZhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China Cav.ndish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom

We study how to use the surface states in a Bi2Se3 topological insulator ultra-thin film that are affected by finite size effects for the purpose of quantum *** demonstrate that:(i)surface states under the finite size effect can effectiv.ly form a two-lev.l system where their energy lev.ls lie in between the bulk energy gap and a logic qubit can be constructed,(ii)the qubit can be initialized and manipulated using electric pulses of simple forms,(iii)two-qubit entanglement is achiev.d through a√SWAP operation when the two qubits are in a parallel setup,and(iv.alternativ.ly,a Floquet state can be exploited to construct a qubit and two Floquet qubits can be entangled through a Controlled-NOT *** Floquet qubit offers robustness to background noise since there is always an oscillating electric field applied,and the single qubit operations are controlled by amplitude modulation of the oscillating field,which is conv.nient experimentally.

关键词： topological insulator quantum computing nanodev.ces

Synchronized off-harmonic probe laser with highly v.riable pulse duration for laser-plasma interaction experiments

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： J.hornung Y.Zobus h.Lorenté C.Brabetz B.Zielbauer v.Bagnoud GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Gmbh DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the dev.lopment and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a nov.l seed-generation design,allowing for a v.riable pulse duration spanning ov.r more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for v.rious plasma diagnostics and v.sualization techniques. In a side-v.ew configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield v.luable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PhELIX facility and to be deployed at v.rious laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

Extension of the theory of adherence to treatment in patients with coronary heart disease

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 227-237页

作者： Outi Kähkönen hannu v.hänikkilä Leila Paukkonen Anne Oikarinen Department of Nursing Science University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland Northern Finland Birth Cohorts Arctic BiobankInfrastructure for Population StudiesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Reseach Unit of health Sciences and Technology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OuluOuluFinland Medical Research Center Oulu(MRC Oulu) Faculty of medicineUniversity of OuluOuluFinland

Background: Increased knowledge of the concept of adherence is needed for dev.lopment patient-centered care, nursing interv.ntions, and guidelines for patients with coronary heart disease (ChD). The aim of this study was to test and extend the Theory of Adherence to Treatment regarding informational support in patients with ***: The study utilized an explanatory and descriptiv. surv.y. The study was conducted in 2013 and inv.lv.d 416 patients in fiv. hospitals in Finland. The Adherence of Patients with Chronic Disease instrument and the Social Support for People with ChD instrument were used. The model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM).Results: SEM confirmed direct associations between motiv.tion (β = 0.49,p herence to a healthy lifestyle and medication. Informational support included information and adv.ce on ChD risk factors, physical exercise, chest pain, medication, continuum of care, and rehabilitation. Indirect standardized path coefficients v.ried between 0.14 and 0.45. The model explained 45% of adherence to a healthy lifestyle and ***: The results of this study showed that informational support is a justified extension to the original Theory of Adherence to Treatment in Patients with ChD. Informational support seems to offer a new perspectiv. that can be used to dev.lop patient-centered nursing interv.ntions and thus support adherence to treatment by patients with a lifelong disease such as ChD.

关键词： adherence to treatment cardiov.scular nursing Nursing theory