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Tephrosia purpureaFraction Attenuates Lipid Accumulation and Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Reduces Body Weight in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2019年第9期10卷 288-304页

作者： Karunakaran reddy Sankaran Lokanatha Oruganti krishna Chintakuntla Balaji Meriga Department of Biochemistry Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati India

The anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity activity of chloroform fraction of Tephrosia purpurea (CFTp) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high fat diet (HFD)-fed obese rats was evaluated in this study. A substantial and dose dependent inhibition of α-glucosidase (81%) and lipase (75%) activities by CFTp was noticed. Treatment with CFTp (250 μg/mL) significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation and lipid accumulation. A semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis of 3T3-L1 cells revealed down regulation of mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl CoA carboxylase-2 (ACC-2), while glucose transporter type-4 (GLUT-4) expression was up-regulated in a dose dependent manner with CFTp. Further, oral administration of CFTp (200 mg/***.) significantly reduced body weight gain, fat mass, blood glucose and leptin levels in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that CFTp possesses potent anti-obesity activities.

关键词： Body Weight Cell Viability Enzyme Inhibition Lipolysis 3T3-L1 Cells

Major geologic events of the Cauvery Basin,India and their correlation with global signaturese——A review

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2017年第1期6卷 69-83页

作者： R.Nagendra A.Nallapa reddy Department of Geology Anna UniversityChennai600025India

The present review is aimed at correlating major geologic events of the Cauvery Basin with analogous global episodes. The Cauvery Basin came into existence due to Gondwana break up during Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous by taphrogenic rift process. The first marine transgression close to Aptian/Albian boundary at the western margin of the basin terminates the syn-rift tectonic phase, which is also precise in adjoining krishna-Godavari （KG） Basin. Two regional tectonic episodes are well documented in the basin which have global significance viz. （1） A major basinal uplift during late Turonian caused by Marion hot mantle plume resulted in widespread subaqueous volcanism in the southern part of the Cauvery Basin. This uplift also ted to relative sea level （RSL） fall of about 100 m in Cauvery and KG Basins and an unconformity of a magnitude of 2.3 Ma. The RSL fatt closely correlates with global sea level faU. This volcanic episode also resulted in Madagascar detachment from India. （2） The reunion hot mantle plume that ted to Deccan volcanism in central India resulted in E-SE tilt of the Cauvery Basin during upper Maastrichtian （CFI-CF3 zones）. This tilt caused a sea level fall of about 80 m and lateral withdrawal of sea by about 50 km developing a major erosional unconformity ranging in magnitude of -1.8-30 My. The magnitude of RSL correlates wetl with global sea level fall. This sea level fall caused widespread development of canyon features in the Cauvery Basin resulting in differential subaqueous erosion. The globally significant ocean anoxic events viz. OAE-Ib, OAE-1d, OAE-2 and OAE-3 are fairly discernible in the Cauvery Basin. The new isotopic palaeotemperature data suggests that southern India and Madagascar were located apparently in middle latitudes within the tropical-subtropical climatic zone during Atbian and early Maastrichtian. The magnitude of hiatus across K-Pg boundary varying from 0 to 30 Ma is estimated based on ptanktic foraminifera for subsurface sec

关键词： Cauvery Basin Correlation Geologic events Global episodes

Artificial neural network approach for analyzing mutual coupling in a rectangular MIMO antenna

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2012年第3期7卷 293-298页

作者： K. SRI RAMA krishna K. JAGADEESH BABU J. LAKSHMI NARAYANA L. PRATAP reddy G. V. SUBRAHMANYAM Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering VRSiddhartha Engineering College Vijayawada India K. JAGADEESH BABU J. LAKSHMI NARAYANADepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering St. Ann'sCollege of Engineering and Technology Chirala India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JNTUCollege of Engineering Hyderabad India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering AcharyaNagarjuna University Guntur India

A wideband rectangular patch antenna resonat- ing at 3.5 GHz and 8 GHz frequencies is developed on a flexible substrate, which can be used for wearable applications. The proposed antenna gives a wide impe- dance bandwidth of 116%, operating from *** to 9.5 GHz, covering most of the ultra-wideband （UWB） operating frequency range. A two-element multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） system is developed using the proposed antenna, and the mutual coupling between the two antennas for various separations and frequencies is analyzed by using artificial neural networks （ANNs）. The neural structure is trained by using different ANN algorithms and a comparative study is made between them. It is shown that, quasi-Newton （QN） and quasi- Newton multi layer perceptron （QN-MLP） algorithms are better in terms of training, testing errors, and correlation coefficient.

关键词： flexible substrate multiple input multipleoutput (MIMO) systems artificial neural networks (ANNs) mutual coupling impedance bandwidth

Spectral Discrimination of Two Pigweeds from Cotton with Different Leaf Colors

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第15期7卷 2138-2150页

作者： Reginald S. Fletcher krishna N. reddy Rickie B. Turley Crop Production Systems Research Unit Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Stoneville USA Crop Genetics Research Unit Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Stoneville USA

To implement strategies to control Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) infestations in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production systems, managers need effective techniques to identify the weeds. Leaf light reflectance measurements have shown promise as a tool to distinguish crops from weeds. Studies have targeted plants with green leaves. This study focused on using leaf hyperspectral reflectance data to develop spectral profiles of Palmer amaranth, redroot pigweed, and cotton and to determine regions of the light spectrum most sensitive for pigweed and cotton discrimination. The study focused on cotton near-isogenic lines created to have bronze, green, or yellow colored leaves. Reflectance measurements within the 400 to 2500 nm spectral range were obtained from cotton and weed plants grown in a greenhouse in 2015 and 2016. Two scenarios were evaluated for the comparison: (1) Palmer amaranth versus cotton lines and (2) redroot pigweed versus cotton lines. Statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) was determined with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s test. Sensitivity measurements were tabulated to determine the optimal region of the light spectrum for weed and cotton line discrimination. Optimal bands for weed and cotton separation were 600 to 700 nm (both weeds versus cotton bronze and cotton yellow), 710 nm (Palmer amaranth versus cotton green), and 1460 nm (redroot pigweed versus cotton green). Spectral bands were identified for separating Palmer amaranth and redroot pigweed from cotton lines with bronze, green, and yellow leaves. Ground-based and airborne sensors can be tuned into the regions of spectrum identified, facilitating using remote sensing technology for Palmer amaranth and redroot pigweed identification in cotton production systems.

关键词： Pigweeds Cotton Near-Isogenic Lines Leaf Reflectance

Corn and Soybean Rotation under Reduced Tillage Management: Impacts on Soil Properties, Yield, and Net Return

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 10-17页

作者： krishna N. reddy Robert M. Zablotowicz L. Jason Krutz Crop Production Systems Research Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville USA Delta Research and Extension Center Mississippi State University Stoneville USA.

A 4-yr field study was conducted from 2007 to 2010 at Stoneville, MS to examine the effects of rotating corn and soybean under reduced tillage conditions on soil properties, yields, and net return. The six rotation systems were continuous corn (CCCC), continuous soybean (SSSS), corn-soybean (CSCS), soybean-corn (SCSC), soybean-soybean-cornsoybean (SSCS), and soybean-soybean-soybean-corn (SSSC). Field preparation consisted of disking, subsoiling, disking, and bedding in the fall of 2005. After the fall of 2006, the raised beds were refurbished each fall after harvest with no additional tillage operations to maintain as reduced tillage system. The surface 5 cm soil from continuous soybean had higher pH than continuous corn in all four years. Unlike pH, total carbon and total nitrogen were higher in continuous corn compared to continuous soybean. Delta 15N tended to be higher in continuous corn compared to continuous soybean. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) indicated minor changes in soil microbial community in relation to cropping sequence, however there was a significant shift in rhizosphere community depending on crop. Corn yield increased every year following rotation with soybean by 16%, 31%, and 15% in 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively, compared to continuous corn. As a result, net returns were higher in rotated corn compared with continuous corn. This study demonstrated that alternating between corn and soybean is a sustainable practice with increased net returns in corn.

关键词： Crop Rotation Monoculture Reduced Tillage Soil Microbial Community Soil Quality

Irrigation Methods and Scheduling in the Delta Region of Mississippi: Current Status and Strategies to Improve Irrigation Efficiency

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 2917-2928页

作者： Hirut Kebede Daniel K. Fisher Ruixiu Sui krishna N. reddy Crop Production Systems Research Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville MS USA

Even though annual rainfall is high in the Delta region of Mississippi, only 30% occurs during the months in which the major crops are produced, making irrigation often necessary to meet crop water needs and to avoid risk of yield and profitability loss. Approximately, 65% of the farmland in this region is irrigated. The shallow Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer is the major source of water for irrigation and for aquaculture in the predominant catfish industry. This groundwater is being heavily used as row-crop irrigation has increased tremendously. Water level in this aquifer has declined significantly over the past twenty five years, with overdraft of approximately 370 million cubic meters of water per year. Moreover, the common irrigation practices in the Delta re-gion of Mississippi do not use water efficiently, further depleting the ground water and making ir-rigation more expensive to producers due to increasing energy prices. Irrigation experts in the re-gion have tested and verified various methods and tools that increase irrigation efficiency. This article presents a review of the current status of the irrigation practices in the Delta region of Mis-sissippi, and the improved methods and tools that are available to increase irrigation efficiency and to reduce energy costs for producers in the region as well as to stop the overdraft of the declining aquifer, ensuring its sustainable use.

关键词： The Delta Region of Mississippi Irrigation Efficiency Irrigation Scheduling Furrow Irrigation Crop Water Use

One-Pot Three Component Domino Reaction for the Synthesis of Novel Isoxazolo[2,3-c][1,3,5]Thiadiazepin-2-Ones Catalyzed by PTSA—A Green Chemistry Approach

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2015年第3期5卷 107-114页

作者： Eligeti Rajanarendar Paka Venkateshwarlu Saini Rama krishna Kundur Govardhan reddy Kammari Thirupathaiah Department of Chemistry Kakatiya University Warangal India

The synthesis of novel isoxazolo[2,3-c][1,3,5]thiadiazepin-2-ones has been achieved in excellent yields by one-pot three-component Domino reaction without the production of toxic waste products by using p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) as a Lewis acid catalyst. PTSA plays a crucial role in the success of the reaction, as well as for increasing reaction rate.

关键词： Multi-Component Green Synthesis Isoxazolo[2 3-c][1 3 5]Thiadiazepin-2-Ones PTSA

Prognostic Significance of Electrocardiographic Changes in Diphtheria Myocarditis: A Cross-Sectional Study

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第15期5卷 910-915页

作者： Karnakar Rapolu krishna Malakonda reddy Parvathareddy Suneetha Karumuri Srinivasa Polasa Ashok Thakkar Department of Cardiology Osmania General Hospital & Osmania Medical College Hyderabad India Department of Clinical Research Sahajanand Medical Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Surat India

Background: Diphtheria is still endemic in India due to inadequate immunization. The incidence of myocarditis is higher in these patients. Objectives: The objective of this study was to study clinical profile, clinical outcomes as well as immunization status of the patients diagnosed with diphtheria myocarditis in Indian scenario. Methodology: This prospective observational study was carried out in one of the tertiary care hospital of south India from August 2011 to December 2012. A total of 33 cases with clinically confirmed diagnosis of diphtheria myocarditis were enrolled depending upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Electrocardiography and 2-dimensional echocardiography was done at the time of admission and repeated when required. Results: The most common age group affected is 5 - 10 years, with no sex difference in occurrence. Only 1 patient, out of 33 patients, was adequately immunized. Asymptomatic myocardial involvement (with only changes in electrocardiogram) was seen in 21 patients whereas 12 patients were symptomatic. The average duration of resolution of electrocardiographic changes was 4 - 6 weeks. It should be noted that out of 28 patients who developed conduction abnormalities, 24 patients died. Temporary pacemaker support was given for 8 patients, of whom only one patient recovered. The patient was followed till hospital discharge. Conclusion: The mortality associated with diphtheria myocarditis is higher in Indian population. As diphtheria can be prevented by adequate vaccination, efforts should be maximized for 90% coverage with three doses of diphtheria toxoid in children below one year of age and immunity towards it should be maintained by booster doses.

关键词： Diphtheria Myocarditis Clinical Outcomes Epidemiology

Late-Season Grass Weed Management with In-Crop and Post-Harvest Herbicides in Twin-Row Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 213-218页

作者： krishna N. reddy Charles T. Bryson Vijay K. Nandula Crop Production Systems Research Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville Mississippi USA

Emergence of grasses late in the season has become a problem in glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean production in the southern US. A 3-yr field study was conducted from 2011 to 2013 at Stoneville, MS to determine efficacy of post-harvest and pyroxasulfone-based in-crop herbicides on late-season grasses and yield in twin-row glyphosate-resistant soybean. Experiments were conducted in a split-plot arrangement of treatments in a randomized complete block design with fall herbicides (with and without pendimethalin at 1.12 kg ai ha-1 and paraquatat 0.84 kg ai ha-1) as main plots and in-crop herbicides as subplots with four replications. The six in-crop herbicide programs were: glyphosate applied early postemergence (EPOST) at 0.84 kg·aeha-1 followed by (fb) glyphosate late postemergence (LPOST) at 0.84 kg·ha-1 with and without pyroxasulfone preemergence (PRE) applied at 0.18 kg ai ha-1, pyroxasulfone PRE fb glyphosate at 0.84 kg·ha-1 LPOST or glyphosate at 0.84 kg·ha-1 + S-metolachlor at 1.68 kg ai ha-1 EPOST, pyroxasulfone PRE fb S-meto- lachlor at 1.12 kg·ha-1 + fomesafen at 0.27 kg ai ha-1 EPOST fb clethodim at 0.14 kg ai ha-1, and a no-herbicide control. Browntop millet, Digitaria spp., and junglerice densities at 2 weeks after LPOST, grass weed dry biomass at harvest, and soybean yield were similar regardless of post- harvest herbicides in all three years. At 2 weeks after LPOST, browntop millet, Digitaria spp. and junglerice densities were greatly reduced in all five in-crop herbicide treatments compared with no herbicide plot in all three years. Grass weed dry biomass in no-herbicide plots was 3346, 6136, and 6916 kg·ha-1 in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively and the five herbicide treatments reduced grass weed dry biomass by at least 87%, 84%, and 99% in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. Soybean yield was higher with all five in-crop herbicide treatments compared to no herbicide control in all three years. These results indicate that browntop millet, Digitaria sp

关键词： Browntop Millet Digitaria spp. Junglerice S-Metolachlor Pyroxasulfone Soybean Twin-Row