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Can post-mortem computed tomography be considered an alternative for autopsy in deaths due to hemopericardium？

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第4期11卷 363-367页

作者： Lorenzo Gitto Serenella Serinelli Francesco P. Busardo valeria Panebianco Giorgio Bolino Aniello Maiese Department of Anatomy Histology Forenxic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sap ienza University of Rome Viale Regina Elena 336 Rome 00185 Italy Department of Radiological Sciences Oncology and Pathology Sapienza University of Rome Rome 00161 Italy

Hemopericardium is a common finding at autopsy, but it may represent a challenge for the forensic pathologist when the etiopathologi-cal relationship in causing death is requested. Hemopericardium and cardiac tamponade can be evaluated in living people using radiological techniques, in particular computer tomography （CT）. Only a few studies are reported in literature involving post-mortem （PM） cases, where PMCT imaging has been used in order to investigate acute hemopericardium, and they have shown a good accuracy of this technique. Here we report a case involving a 70-year-old white male found dead on the beach, with a medical history of hepatitis C and chronic hypertension with a poor pharmacological response. A PMCT was performed about 3 h after the discovery of the body. The PMCT examination showed an intrapericardial aortic dissection associated to a periaortic hematoma, a sickle-shaped intramural hematoma, a false lumen, and a hemop-ericardium consisting in fluid and clotted blood. In this case, the PMCT was able to identify the cause of death, even though a traditional autopsy was required to confirm the radiological findings. PMCT is a reliable technique, which in chosen cases, can be performed without the need for a traditional autopsy to be carried out.

关键词： Hemopericardium Cardiac tamponade Aortic dissection Computer tomography

Evidence for acoustic discrimination in lemurs: A playback study on wild indris Indri indri

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 41-49页

作者： Giovanni Spezie valeria Torti Giovanna Bonadonna Chiara De Gregorio Daria Valente Cristina Giacoma Marco Gamba Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology University of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology School of Nature SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly

Indris Indri indri are group-living lemurs that occupy stable territories over several years and perform remarkable long-distance vocal *** exchanges between long-term territory neighbors may contribute to assessing reciprocal resource-holding potentials, thus adaptivelyreducing the costs of territorial defense by limiting aggressive escalation. Previous work showed that indris’ songs show distinctive acousticfeatures at individual and group level. However, the possibility that indris use such cues for individual or group-level recognition has never beeninvestigated experimentally. We conducted a playback experiment to test whether indris discriminate between familiar and nonfamiliar *** rationale lies in the hypothesis of the dear enemy phenomenon, which predicts that territorial animals will show reduced aggression levelstoward familiar neighbors compared with novel rivals. We played back stimulus recordings to wild indris from their territory boundaries andexamined their responses in terms of vocal and behavioral indicators of willingness to engage in a fight. In line with our predictions, focal animals responded more rapidly and approached more often the speaker in response to playback stimuli of nonfamiliar individuals than to stimuliof neighboring groups. These results indicate that indris can discriminate between different classes of intruders based on distinctive acousticfeatures of their song choruses. We suggest that increased aggression directed toward unfamiliar intruders may be explained by higher threatlevels associated with dispersal and group formation dynamics. We further discuss the relevance of these findings in a strepsirrhine primatemodel for comparative studies of vocal communication and sociality.

关键词： acoustic communication dear-enemy effect neighbor-stranger discrimination primate communication song territoriality

Helicobacter pylori infection and extragastric disorders in children: A critical update

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第6期20卷 1379-1401页

作者： Lucia Pacifico John F Osborn valeria Tromba Sara Romaggioli Stefano Bascetta Claudio Chiesa Department of Pediatrics Sapienza University of Rome Department of Health Sciences and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a highly prevalent, serious and chronic infection that has been associated causally with a diverse spectrum of extragastric disorders including iron deficiency anemia, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, growth retardation, and diabetes mellitus. The inverse relation of H. pylori prevalence and the increase in allergies, as reported from epidemiological studies, has stimulated research for elucidating potential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Although H. pylori is most frequently acquired during childhood in both developed and developing countries, clinicians are less familiar with the pediatric literature in the field. A better understanding of the H. pylori disease spectrum in childhood should lead to clearer recommendations about testing for and treating H. pylori infection in children who are more likely to develop clinical sequelae. A further clinical challenge is whether the progressive decrease of H. pylori in thelast decades, abetted by modern clinical practices, may have other health consequences.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Children Iron deficiency anemia Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Growth retardation Asthma Allergy Diabetes mellitus

Radiomics and machine learning applications in rectal cancer:Current update and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第32期27卷 5306-5321页

作者： Arnaldo Stanzione Francesco Verde valeria Romeo Francesca Boccadifuoco Pier Paolo Mainenti Simone Maurea Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples"Federico II"Naples 80131Italy Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging National Council of ResearchNapoli 80131Italy

The high incidence of rectal cancer in both sexes makes it one of the most common tumors,with significant morbidity and mortality *** define the best treatment option and optimize patient outcome,several rectal cancer biological variables must be ***,medical imaging plays a crucial role in the characterization of this disease,and it often requires a multimodal *** resonance imaging is the first-choice imaging modality for local staging and restaging and can be used to detect high-risk prognostic *** tomography is widely adopted for the detection of distant ***,conventional imaging has recognized limitations,and many rectal cancer characteristics remain assessable only after surgery and histopathology *** is a growing interest in artificial intelligence applications in medicine,and imaging is by no means an *** introduction of radiomics,which allows the extraction of quantitative features that reflect tumor heterogeneity,allows the mining of data in medical images and paved the way for the identification of potential new imaging *** manage such a huge amount of data,the use of machine learning algorithms has been ***,without prior explicit programming,they can be employed to build prediction models to support clinical decision *** this review,current applications and future perspectives of artificial intelligence in medical imaging of rectal cancer are presented,with an imaging modality-based approach and a keen eye on unsolved *** results are promising,but the road ahead for translation in clinical practice is rather long.

关键词： Rectal cancer Radiomics Radiogenomics Artificial intelligence Machine learning Deep learning

Indocyanine green:The guide to safer and more effective surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 641-649页

作者： Pietro Fransvea Maria Michela Chiarello valeria Fico Maria Cariati Giuseppe Brisinda Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Department of Surgery Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di CosenzaCosenza 87100Italy Department of Surgery Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di CrotoneCrotone 88900Italy Department of Abdominal and Endocrine Metabolic Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy

In this editorial we comment on the article by Kalayarasan and co-workers published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** authors present an interesting review on the use of indocyanine green fluo-rescence in different aspects of abdominal *** also highlight future perspectives of the use of indocyanine green in mini-invasive ***-cyanine green,used for fluorescence imaging,has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration and is safe for use in *** can be administered in-travenously or *** its advent,there have been several advance-ments in the applications of indocyanine green,especially in the surgical field,such as intraoperative mapping and biopsy of sentinel lymph node,measurement of hepatic function prior to resection,in neurosurgical cases to detect vascular anomalies,in cardiovascular cases for patency and assessment of vascular ab-normalities,in predicting healing following amputations,in helping visualization of hepatobiliary anatomy and blood vessels,in reconstructive surgery,to assess flap viability and for the evaluation of tissue perfusion following major trauma and *** these reasons,the intraoperative use of indocyanine green has become common in a variety of surgical specialties and transplant ***-lorectal surgery has just lately begun to adopt this technique,particularly for perfusion visualization to prevent anastomotic *** regular use of in-docyanine green coupled with fluorescence angiography has recently been pro-posed as a feasible tool to help improve patient *** the best available data,it has been shown that routine use of indocyanine green in colorectal surgery reduces the rates of anastomotic *** use of indocyanine green is proven to be safe,feasible,and effective in both elective and emergency ***,additional robust evidence from larger-scale,high-quality studies is essential before incorporating indocyanine g

关键词： Indocyanine green Colorectal surgery Fluorescence-guided surgery Gastrointestinal surgery Hepato-biliary surgery Pancreatic surgery Surgical oncology

Phagocytosis(cannibalism) of apoptotic neutrophils by tumor cells in gastric micropapillary carcinomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第18期21卷 5548-5554页

作者： valeria Barresi Giovanni Branca Antonio Ieni Luciana Rigoli Giovanni Tuccari Rosario Alberto Caruso Department of Human Pathology University of Messina Department of Pediatrics University of Messina

AIM:To identify those with a micropapillary pattern,ascertain relative frequency and document clinicopathological characteristics by reviewing gastric ***:One hundred and fifty-one patients diagnosed with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy were retrospectively studied and the presence of a regional invasive micropapillary component was evaluated by light *** available hematoxylin-eosin(HE)-stained slides were histologically reviewed and 5 tumors were selected as putative micropapillary carcinoma when cancer cell clusters without a vascular core within empty lymphatic-like space comprised at least5%of the *** tissues from these 5 invasive gastric carcinomas were immunostained using an antimucin 1(MUC1)antibody(clone MA695)to detect the characteristic inside-out pattern and with D2-40antibody to determine the presence of intratumoral lymph *** of intraepithelial neutrophil apoptosis was evaluated in consecutive histological tissue sections by three independent methods,namely light microscopy with HE staining,the conventional terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-biotin nick end-labeling(TUNEL)method and immunohistochemistry for activated caspase-3(clone C92-605).RESULTS:Among 151 gastric cancers resected for cure,5(3.3%)were adenocarcinomas with a micropapillary *** of the patients died of disease from 6 to 23 mo and one patient was alive with metastases at 9 *** patients had advanced-stage cancer(≥p T2)and lymph node *** MUC1 immunostaining on the stroma-facing surface(inside-out pattern)of the carcinomatous cluster cells,together with negative immunostaining for D2-40 in the cells limiting lymphatic-like spaces,confirmed the true micropapillary pattern in these gastric *** all five cases,several micropapillae were infiltrated by *** staining,TUNEL assay and immunostaining for caspase-3 demonstrated apoptoticneutrophils within cytoplasmic vacuoles of

关键词： Gastric cancer Micropapillary pattern Mucin 1 Caspase-3 TUNEL assay

CEGANN: Crystal Edge Graph Attention Neural Network for multiscale classification of materials environment

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2106-2117页

作者： Suvo Banik Debdas Dhabal Henry Chan Sukriti Manna Mathew Cherukara valeria Molinero Subramanian K.R.S.Sankaranarayanan Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of IllinoisChicagoIL 60607USA Department of Chemistry The University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA Advanced Photon Source Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA

We introduce Crystal Edge Graph Attention Neural Network (CEGANN) workflow that uses graph attention-based architecture tolearn unique feature representations and perform classification of materials across multiple scales (from atomic to mesoscale) anddiverse classes ranging from metals, oxides, non-metals to hierarchical materials such as zeolites and semi-ordered *** can classify based on a global, structure-level representation such as space group and dimensionality (e.g., bulk, 2D,clusters, etc.). Using representative materials such as polycrystals and zeolites, we demonstrate its transferability in performing localatom-level classification tasks, such as grain boundary identification and other heterointerfaces. CEGANN classifies in (thermal)noisy dynamical environments as demonstrated for representative zeolite nucleation and growth from an amorphous ***, we use CEGANN to classify multicomponent systems with thermal noise and compositional diversity. Overall, our approachis material agnostic and allows for multiscale feature classification ranging from atomic-scale crystals to heterointerfaces tomicroscale grain boundaries.

关键词： Crystal classify zeolite

Mechanisms of phototherapy of Alzheimer’s disease during sleep and wakefulness:the role of the meningeal lymphatics

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2023年第3期16卷 57-76页

作者： Semyachkina‑Glushkovskaya Oxana Shirokov Alexander Blokhina Inna Fedosov Ivan Terskov Andrey Dubrovsky Alexander Tsoy Maria Elovenko Daria Adushkina Viktoria Evsukova Arina Telnova valeria Tzven Anna Krupnova valeria Manzhaeva Maria Dmitrenko Alexander Penzel Thomas Kurths Jürgen Institute of Physics Humboldt UniversityBerlin 12489Germany Department of Biology Saratov State UniversitySaratov 410012Russia Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms Russian Academy of SciencesSaratov 410049Russia Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin 10117Germany Department of Complexity Scienc Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchPotsdam 14473Germany

With the increase in the aging population,the global number of people with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)progressively increased *** situation is aggravated by the fact that there is no the efective pharmacological therapy of ***(PBM)is non-pharmacological approach that has shown very promising results in the therapy of AD in pilot clinical and animal ***,the mechanisms of therapeutic efects of PBM for AD are poorly *** this study on mice,we demonstrate that photodynamic efects of 5-aminolevulenic acid and laser 635 nm cause reduction of network of the meningeal lymphatic vessels(MLVs)leading to suppression of lymphatic removal of beta-amyloid(Aβ)from the right lateral ventricle and the *** the original protocol of PBM under electroencephalographic monitoring of wakefulness and sleep stages in non-anesthetized mice,we discover that the 7-day course of PBM during deep sleep *** provides better restoration of clearance of Aβfrom the ventricular system of the brain and the *** results shed light on the mechanism of PBM and show the stimulating efects of PBM on the brain lymphatic drainage that promotes transport of Aβvia the lymphatic *** efects of PBM on the brain lymphatics in sleeping brain open a new niche in the study of restorative functions of sleep as well as it is an important informative platform for the development of innovative smart sleep technologies for the therapy of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Photobiomodulation Brain lymphatics Sleep Mechanisms

Ecosystem management in paludified boreal forests:enhancing wood production,biodiversity,and carbon sequestration at the landscape level

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 376-389页

作者： Benoit Lafleur Nicole J.Fenton Martin Simard Alain Leduc David Paré Osvaldo valeria Yves Bergeron NSERC-UQAT-UQAM Industrial Chair in Sustainable Forest Management and Institut de recherche sur les forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue445boul.de I'UniversiteRouyn-NorandaQC J9X 5E4Canada Department of Geography Laval UniversityQuebecQC GIV 0A6Canada Centre d'etude de la foret Universite du Quebec a Montreal141 Avenue du President-KennedyMontrealQC H2X IY4Canada Ressources Naturelles Canada Service canadien des forets Centre de foresterie des Laurentides1055du P.E P S.P.O.13ox 3800QuebecQC GIV 4C7Canada

Canada’s boreal forest represents an important contributor of the world’s wood supply industry. However,maintaining or increasing productivity of the boreal forest may be challenging in areas dominated by forested peatlands. Moreover, sustainable management of these forests must also consider other important aspects of the forest ecosystem such as biodiversity and carbon sequestration. To address these concerns, ecosystem-based management has been implemented in some Canadian jurisdictions, such as in regions where a large portion of the boreal forest is dominated by forested peatlands. The objectives of this paper are(1) to summarize our current understanding of how natural disturbances influence stand dynamics and biodiversity in forested peatlands, and(2) to review the main differences between natural and managed forest stands with respect to soil properties, stand productivity, understory plant communities. We also discuss how even-age management regime succeeds or fails to preserve old forests and how this loss affects both forest structure and habitat diversity at the landscape *** conclude by showing how, in boreal forested peatlands, forest management could contribute to carbon sequestration and mitigate projected climate change.

关键词： Clearcutting Fire Forest dynamics Partial cutting Soil properties Stand productivity Understory plant