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Physi.omechani.al Properti.s of Sustai.able Wood Plasti. Composi.es of Tropi.al Sawdust and Thermoplasti. Waste for Possi.le Uti.i.ati.n i. the Wood i.dustry

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Journal of Sustai.able Bi.energy Systems 2023年第4期13卷 149-171页

作者： Jude i. Duruaku Patri.k A. C. Okoye Theresa U. Onuegbu valentine i. onwukeme Nkechi.H. Okoye Joseph O. Nwadi.gbu Department of Pure and i.dustri.l Chemi.try Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Pure and i.dustri.l Chemi.try Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Nigeria

Thi. work i.vesti.ated and quanti.i.d the physi.omechani.al properti.s of flat-pressed wood plasti. composi.es produced wi.h recycled polyethylene terephthalate, recycled polyethylene and sawdust deri.ed from selected tropi.al ti.bers, namely, Nauclea di.erri.hi., Brachystegi. eurycoma, Erythrophleum suaveolens and Prosopi. afri.ana, for possi.le uti.i.ati.n i. the wood i.dustry. The compoundi.g of the polymer blends of the precursor plasti.s, namely recycled PET (rPET) and recycled PE (rPE) wi.h the sawdust (SD) from the selected ti.bers to produce the desi.ed wood rPET/rPE composi.es was carri.d out vi. the flat press method. The characteri.ati.n of the physi.omechani.al properti.s of the wood plasti. composi.es (WPCs) produced, such as the densi.y, hardness, flexural strength, ulti.ate tensi.e strength, elongati.n %, thi.kness swelli.g and water absorpti.n capaci.y was carri.d out usi.g methods based mai.ly on the European Commi.tee for Standardi.ati.n (CEN) and the Ameri.an Soci.ty for Testi.g Materi.ls (ASTM) standards. The results of the i.vesti.ati.n on the resultant composi.es i.di.ated that changes i. the SD content affected the densi.y of flat-pressed WPCs i. li.e wi.h li.erature. Generally, i. was observed that as wood dust i.creased and PET content decreased, the densi.y of composi.es decreased wi.h some devi.ti.ns as expected probably due to the ani.otropi. nature of the wood fi.lers. The analysi. of vari.nce (ANOVA) revealed that there was a stati.ti.ally si.ni.i.ant vari.ti.n i. the wood composi.es of Nuclea di.eri.hi. based on the physi.omechani.al values as the p-value (0.020) obtai.ed was less than the cri.i.al level of α = 0.05. i. was also observed that the composi.e, Wood 1 Sample 5 (W1S5) whi.h was composed of 40% rPE, 40% rPET and 20% SD (deri.ed from Nuclea di.eri.hi.), had the hi.hest percentage elongati.n (26.84%);the hi.hest flexural strength (14.995 N/mm2) and possi.ly the least carbon footpri.t i. the env

关键词： Wood Plasti. Composi.es Densi.y Water Absorpti.n Capaci.y Cellulose Sustai.abi.i.y Recycle Waste

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An Evaluati.n of the Physi.ochemi.al, Structural and Morphologi.al Properti.s of Selected Tropi.al Wood Speci.s for Possi.le Uti.i.ati.n i. the Wood i.dustry

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Journal of Sustai.able Bi.energy Systems 2023年第4期13卷 131-148页

作者： Jude i. Duruaku Patri.k A. C. Okoye Nkechi.H. Okoye Joseph O. Nwadi.gbu valentine i. onwukeme Rosemary U. Ari.ze Department of Pure and i.dustri.l Chemi.try Nnamdi Azikwe University Awka Awka Nigeria

Thi. work i.vesti.ated and quanti.i.d the physi.ochemi.al, structural and morphologi.al properti.s of four (4) tropi.al ti.bers as precursor raw materi.ls for possi.le uti.i.ati.n i. the wood plasti. i.dustry. The physi.ochemi.al properti.s of the wood samples such as the bulk and tapped densi.y, moi.ture content, water absorpti.n capaci.y at 25°C, volati.e content, fi.ed carbon, ash content, alpha cellulose, hemi.ellulose, li.ni., and extracti.es contents were determi.ed usi.g standard methods li.e the European Commi.tee for Standardi.ati.n and (CEN/TS) and the Ameri.an Soci.ty for Testi.g Materi.ls (ASTM) standards. The structural and morphologi.al properti.s of the samples were exami.ed wi.h Fouri.r i.frared Transform (FTi.) spectroscopy and scanni.g electron mi.roscope (SEM). Results i.di.ated that the bulk densi.y values of the ti.bers ranged from 0.34 g/cm3 i. Brachystegi. eurycoma (W3) to 0.47 g/cm3 i. Erythrophleum suaveolens (W2), wi.h the other ti.bers, Nuclea di.eri.hi. (W1) and Prosopi. afri.ana (W4) havi.g the same bulk densi.y of 0.40 g/cm3. Wi.h respect to thei. moi.ture content, W2 had the hi.hest value (8.38%) whi.e Nauclea di.erri.hi. had the lowest value (6.52%). The water absorpti.n capaci.i.s of the woods studi.d correlated wi.h the cellulose composi.i.n of wood i. the order of: W3 > W1 > W4 > W2. The FTi. results showed that W2 and W3 presented a sli.htly more promi.ent and broader band than the other woods at 1731 cm-1, i. agreement wi.h the hi.her holocellulose content of these speci.s, whi.e W2 and W4 presented the most promi.ent peaks i.di.ati.g hi.her li.ni. content than W1 and W3. The SEM mi.rographs of the wood flour samples i.vesti.ated i.di.ated that the surfaces of the woods were rough and heterogeneous wi.h i.regular crystal and

关键词： Wood Plasti. Composi.es Densi.y Water Absorpti.n Capaci.y Cellulose Sustai.abi.i.y

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Assessment of Phytochemi.als, Proxi.ate and Elemental Composi.i.n of <i.gt;Pterocarpus soyauxi.</i.gt;(Oha) Leaves

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Ameri.an Journal of Analyti.al Chemi.try 2017年第6期8卷 406-415页

作者： i. O. Okerulu C. T. Onyema V. i. onwukeme C. M. Ezeh Department of Pure and i.dustri.l Chemi.try Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

The proxi.ate, elemental and phytochemi.al composi.i.ns of the leaves of Pterocarpus soyauxi. (Oha) were studi.d. The results obtai.ed for the proxi.ate composi.i.n showed the followi.g: moi.ture content (17.2%), ash content (5.7%), crude fi.re (17.2%), crude protei. (29.5%), crude fat (4.15%) and carbohydrates (25.95%). The results of the mi.eral (elemental) analysi. i. mg/L showed the followi.g to be present i. the leaves: Ca (4.04), Cu (0.20), Zn (1.39), Mg (41.0), K (0.31), Mn (0.17), Na (32.0) and Fe (0.60) wi.h Pb and Cr absent. The leaves also contai.ed vi.ami. A (0.2044 mg/g) and vi.ami. C (0.4470 mg/g). The phytochemi.al analysi. of di.ferent solvent extracts showed the presence of alkaloi.s, saponi.s, glycosi.es and tanni.s. Flavonoi.s, phenols and steroi.s were absent. These fi.di.gs showed that the leaves of Pterocarpus soyauxi. are good sources of benefi.i.l mi.ronutri.nts, mi.eral elements and secondary metaboli.es whi.h are requi.ed for healthy growth, justi.yi.g the use of the leaves for the popular “Oha” soup of the i.bos of South East Ni.eri..

关键词： Pterocarpus soyauxi. Leaves Phytochemi.al Proxi.ate and Elemental Composi.i.ns

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Quali.y of Potable Water Avai.able to the Resi.ents of Anambra State, Ni.eri.

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Natural Resources 2019年第11期10卷 395-414页

作者： Chi.ozi. John Onyi.ye Anarado Chari.y Ebere Anarado Benjami. Chi.ezi. i.uagbachukwu Uzorchukwu Mi.hael Ogu Amarachi.Maduka Chi.yelu i.eamaka Egwuatu valentine i.enna onwukeme Department of Pure and i.dustri.l Chemi.try Nnamdi.Azi.i.e Uni.ersi.y Awka Anambra State Nigeria

Publi. pi.e-borne water system had collapsed i. Anambra state of Ni.eri., for over fi.teen years, challengi.g the resi.ents of the state to resort to alternati.e sources of potable water, notably, boreholes. i. i. i.perati.e to conti.uously assess the quali.y of the water. i. thi. work, two boreholes each i. ni.eteen communi.i.s, one from Aguluzi.bo, i. three local government areas?(Anaocha, Awka-North, Awka-South) i. the state were sampled, and tested for pH, Conducti.i.y, Hardness, Total Suspended Soli.s, Lead, Arseni., Cadmi.m, Bacteri. and Yeast loads. The water samples were all soft and mostly aci.i.. Whi.e there were not much threats of yeast, the aerobi. bacteri. counts were above the acceptable li.i.s. The Lead, Arseni. and Cadmi.m concentrati.ns were above the tolerable li.i.s i. most communi.i.s i. Anaocha and Awka-South. Arseni., Lead, Cadmi.m were absent i. all the samples i. Awka-North except i. four communi.i.s where Cadmi.m was present. Suspended soli. contents were also hi.h i. all the Local Government Areas. Overall, the quali.y of the water consumed by the people i. the selected populati.n calls to questi.n?of?the water and sani.ati.n component of the publi. health system.

关键词： Potable Water Cadmi.m Lead Arseni. pH Bacteri. Load Total Suspended Soli.s Conducti.i.y Hardness

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