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Emerging role of lysosomal calcium store as a hub of neuroprotection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1259-1260页

作者： valentina Tedeschi Agnese Secondo Division of Pharmacology Department of NeuroscienceReproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesSchool of Medicine“Federico II”University of NaplesNaplesItaly

Filled with more than 60 different types of hydrolases,the acidic organelle lysosome governs cellular digestion by removing damaged organelles and catabolic products(Xu and Ren,2015).Beyond the canonical role in the intracellular degradative pathways,lysosome precedes nutrient sensing,autophagy,immune cell signaling,metabolism and membrane repair.

关键词： metabolism removing store

Physical exercise and traumatic brain injury: is it question of time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 475-476页

作者： valentina Mastrorilli Stefano Farioli Vecchioli Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyNational Research Council(IBBC/CNR)MonterotondoRomeItaly Plaisant S.R.L. RomeItaly

Is it better to be safe than sorry?This Hamletic dilemma has always stimulated medical-scientific debates in numerous fields of *** among these,the preventive-therapeutic approach to the treatment of brain trauma is one of the most striking *** brain injury(TBI)is a leading cause of brain damage among young and elderly populations with a very high hospitalization and death *** is characterized by two pathologically distinct but strictly consequential phases:a first characterized by an immediate and highly variable mechanical dysfunction of the brain tissue,which involves widespread cell death and tissue degeneration,followed by a second phase which can last from days to even years depending on the severity of the TBI and the patient’s pre-existing health *** processes,including inflammatory phenomena,oxidative stress associated with metabolic,vascular,and neuro-modulatory deficits,are very often responsible for neuro-motor and psychological deficits leading to long-term disabilities(Kaur and Sharma,2018).

关键词： injury striking modulator

An important criterion for reliable multi-monochromatic x-ray imager diagnostics and its impact on the reconstructed images

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第3期3卷 59-65页

作者： T.Nagayama R.C.Mancini D.Mayes R.tommasini R.Florido Physics Department University of Nevada Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Departamento de Física Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Temperature and density asymmetry diagnosis is critical to advance inertial confinement fusion(ICF) science. A multimonochromatic x-ray imager, MMI, records the spectral signature from an ICF implosion core with time resolution, 2D spatial resolution and spectral resolution. While narrow-band images and 2D space-resolved spectra from the MMI data constrain the temperature and the density spatial structure of the core, the accuracy of the images and the spectra highly depends on the quality of the MMI data and the processing tools. Here, we synthetically investigate the criterion for reliable MMI diagnostics and its effects on the accuracy of the reconstructed images. The pinhole array tilt determines the object spatial sampling efficiency and the minimum reconstruction width, w. When the spectral width associated with w is significantly narrower than the spectral linewidth, the line images reconstructed from the MMI data become reliable. The MMI setup has to be optimized for every application to meet this criterion for reliable ICF diagnostics.

关键词： high power laser inertial confinement fusion monochromatic imager x-ray diagnostics

Methodological issues in the study of intestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8821-8836页

作者： valentina Taverniti Simone Guglielmetti Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocessing Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano 20133 Milan Italy

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an intestinal functional disorder with the highest prevalence in the industrialized world. The intestinal microbiota (IM) plays a role in the pathogenesis of IBS and is not merely a consequence of this disorder. Previous research efforts have not revealed unequivocal microbiological signatures of IBS, and the experimental results are contradictory. The experimental methodologies adopted to investigate the complex intestinal ecosystem drastically impact the quality and significance of the results. Therefore, to consider the methodological aspects of the research on IM in IBS, we reviewed 29 relevant original research articles identified through a PubMed search using three combinations of keywords: “irritable bowel syndrome + microflora”, “irritable bowel syndrome + microbiota” and “irritable bowel syndrome + microbiome”. For each study, we reviewed the quality and significance of the scientific evidence obtained with respect to the experimental method adopted. The data obtained from each study were compared with all considered publications to identify potential inconsistencies and explain contradictory results. The analytical revision of the studies referenced in the present review has contributed to the identification of microbial groups whose relative abundance significantly alters IBS, suggesting that these microbial groups could be IM signatures for this syndrome. The identification of microbial biomarkers in the IM can be advantageous for the development of new diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of different subtypes of IBS.

关键词： Intestinal dysfunction Irritable bowel syndrome Intestinal microbiota Bifidobacteria New generation DNA sequencing

Extension of pilot tests of cyanide elimination by ozone from blast furnace gas washing water through Aspen Plus based model

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 718-730页

作者： Ismael Matino valentina CoHa Teresa A.Branca Scuola Superiore Sant' Anna TeCIP Institute-ICT-COISP56124 PisaItaly

For improving wastewater quality, one of the dare of steelworks is reducing cyanide in wastewater of gas washing treatment of blast furnaces. Costs of existing treatments, stringent environmental regulations and changeable composition of water from gas treatment, have led to study how available treatments can be modified and to examine new ones. Ozonation is one of cyanide treatments, tested within a European project. A process model was set up with Aspen Plus®, to assess operating conditions and wastewater distinctive characteristics and to demonstrate treatment robustness. Process was modeled by theoretical reactors, taking into account all more affecting reactions. A genetic algorithm was exploited to find kinetic parameters of these reactions. After validation, the model was used to analyse scenarios, by considering also real contexts. Pilot tests were extended, process knowledge was enhanced and suggestions were obtained. To promote cyanide removal with ozone, temperature and pH values were 30°C and 10, respectively. With an ozone (mg/h)/ water (L/h) ratio of 100 mg/L, batch mode ensure reaching cyanide regulation limit (0.2 mg/L) after maximum 4.5 h, if initial amount was less than 20 mg/L. Higher removal was obtained than in continuous mode due to constraints related to this last run. Higher wastewater contamination needed further time and more ozone.

关键词： blast furnace cyanide removal gas washing water modeling and simulation ozonation

Control of wind-wave power on morphological shape of salt marsh margins

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 45-56页

作者： Alvise Finotello Marco Marani Luca Carniello Mattia Pivato Marcella Roner Laura tommasini Andrea D'alpaos Department of Geosciences University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and StatisticsUniversity of Venice Ca'FoscariVenice 30172Italy Center for Lagoon Hydrodynamics and Morphodynamics University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringUniversity of PadovaPadova 35131Italy

Salt marshes are among the most common morphological features found in tidal landscapes and provide ecosystem services of primary ecological and economic ***,the continued rise in relative sea level and increasing anthropogenic pressures threaten the sustainability of these *** alarmingly high rates of salt marsh loss observed worldwide,mainly dictated by the lateral erosion of their margins,call for new insights into the mutual feedbacks among physical,biological,and morphological processes that take place at the critical interface between salt marshes and the adjoining tidal *** combined field measurements,remote sensing data,and numerical modeling to investigate the interplays between wind waves and the morphology,ecology,and planform evolution of salt marsh margins in the Venice Lagoon of *** results confirm the existence of a positive linear relationship between incoming wave power density and rates of salt marsh lateral *** addition,we show that lateral erosion significantly decreases when halophytic vegetation colonizes the marsh margins,and that different erosion rates in vegetated margins are associated with different *** marsh cliffs and smooth shorelines are expected along rapidly eroding margins,whereas erosion rates are reduced in gently sloped,irregular edges facing shallow tidal flats that are typically exposed to low wind-energy *** highlighting the relationships between the dynamics and functional forms of salt marsh margins,our results represent a critical step to address issues related to conservation and restoration of salt marsh ecosystems,especially in the face of changing environmental forcings.

关键词： Salt marshes Wind waves Lateral erosion Morphodynamics Vegetation

Essential oils as solvents and core materials for the preparation of photo-responsive polymer nanocapsules

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2783-2795页

作者： valentina Marturano valentina Bizzarro Adriana De Luise Anna Calarco Veronica Ambrogi Marta Giamberini Bartosz Tylkowski Pierfrancesco Cerruti Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" Via Cynthia 4 Napoli 80125 Italy Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR) Via Campi Flegrei 34 Pozzuoli (NA) 80078 Italy Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology (IBAF-CNR) Via Pietro Castellino 111 Napoli 80131 Italy Department of Chemical Materials and Production Engineering (DICMAPI) University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" P. le Tecchio 80 Napoli 80125 Italy Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ) Universitat Rovira i Virgili Av. Pa'fsos Catalans 26 Tarragona 43007 Spain Chemistry Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTQC) C/Marcel-Ⅱ Domingo Tarragona 43007 Spain

Light-triggered release of active ingredients from polymeric nanosized capsules can be employed in a wide range of applications, such as biomedicine, active packaging, and cosmetics. However, the preparation of core-shell polymeric nanocarriers typically involves the use of toxic organic solvents. To improve the sustainability and safety of nanocapsule applications, we demonstrate that natural essential oils can be used both as solvent and active material in light-responsive nanocapsules synthesized via miniemulsion polycondensation. The documented antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity of essential oils enables the design of multipurpose light-responsive delivery platforms. The photo-responsive behavior of the capsules, achieved by means of photochromic azobenzene segments embedded in the capsule shell, is triggered by UV light irradiation （λmax= 360 nm）. Light-induced release kinetics of the essential oils and a fluorescent probe molecule, coumarin-6, is evaluated via UV-vis spectroscopy and spectrofluorimetry, respectively, demonstrating the efficiency and reliability of the release mechanism. Biological tests prove that the capsules are non-cytotoxic and readily internalized by cells, indicating the suitability of these smart nanocarriers for biological applications.

关键词： light-responsive polymer nanocapsules essential oils azobenzene controlled release cytotoxicity

Implications of metabolism-driven myeloid dysfunctions in cancer therapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 829-841页

作者： Laura Strauss valentina Guarneri Alessandra Gennari Antonio Sica Department of Immunopharmacology and Immuno Oncology EMD Serono Research&Development InstituteInc.80119545A Middlesex TurnpikeBillericaMA 01821USA Department of Surgery Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly Veneto Institute of Oncology-IRCCS PaduaItalyPadovaItaly Division of Oncology Department of Translational MedicineUniversity of Eastern PiedmontNovaraItaly Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Eastern PiedmontA.Avogadrovia Bovio 6NovaraItaly Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCSVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilanItaly

Immune homeostasis is maintained by an adequate balance of myeloid and lymphoid *** chronic inflammatory states,including cancer,this balance is lost due to dramatic expansion of myeloid progenitors that fail to mature to functional inflammatory neutrophils,macrophages,and dendritic cells(DCs),thus giving rise to a decline in the antitumor effector lymphoid ***-related inflammation orchestrates the production of hematopoietic growth factors and cytokines that perpetuate recruitment and activation of myeloid precursors,resulting in unresolved and chronic *** pathologic inflammation creates profound alterations in the intrinsic cellular metabolism of the myeloid progenitor pool,which is amplified by competition for essential nutrients and by hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring at the tumor ***,persistent myelopoiesis and metabolic dysfunctions contribute to the development of cancer,as well as to the severity of a broad range of diseases,including metabolic syndrome and autoimmune and infectious *** aims of this review are to(1)define the metabolic networks implicated in aberrant myelopoiesis observed in cancer patients,(2)discuss the mechanisms underlying these clinical manifestations and the impact of metabolic perturbations on clinical outcomes,and(3)explore new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to restore immunometabolism and differentiation of myeloid cells towards an effector phenotype to increase host antitumor *** propose that the profound metabolic alterations and associated transcriptional changes triggered by chronic and overactivated immune responses in myeloid cells represent critical factors influencing the balance between therapeutic efficacy and immune-related adverse effects(irAEs)for current therapeutic strategies,including immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy.

关键词： Myelopoiesis Tumor-associated macrophages Myeloid-derived suppressor cells Metabolism Cancer therapy

The evolution of eccentricity in the eclipsing binary system AS Camelopardalis

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第1期18卷 113-118页

作者： valentina Kozyreva Anatoly Kusakin Alexey Bogomazov M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University P.K.Sternberg Astronomical Institute National Space Agency Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute

In 2002,2004 and 2017 we conducted high precision CCD photometry observations of the eclipsing binary system AS *** analysis of the light curves from 1967 to 2017（our data ＋ data from the literature） we obtained photometric elements of the system and found a change in the system＇s orbital eccentricity of ？e = 0.03 ± *** change can indicate that there is a third companion in the system in a highly inclined orbit with respect to the orbital plane of the central binary,and its gravitational influence may cause the discrepancy between observed and theoretical apsidal motion rates of AS Cam.

关键词： binaries:close binaries:eclipsing stars:individual(AS Cam)