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Agronomic assessment of two populations of intermediate wheatgrass—Kernza^(®)(Thinopyrum intermedium)in temperate South America

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Grassland Research 2022年第4期1卷 262-278页

作者： Andres Locatelli Lucia Gutierrez Olivier duchene Pablo R.Speranza valentin d.picasso risso Polo agro-alimentario Centro Universitario Litoral NorteEstacion Experimental Mario Antonio CassinoniUniversidad de la RepúblicaPaysanduUruguay departamento de Producción Vegetal Facultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de la RepúblicaPaysanduUruguay departamento de Biometría Estadística y ComputaciónFacultad de AgronomíaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Agroecology and Environment Research Unit ISARALyonFrance departamento de Biología Vegetal Facultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas Facultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay

Background Kernza®intermediate wheatgrass is a perennial grain and forage crop that can provide several ecosystem services.Major research efforts focused on Kernza have taken place in high latitudes.The goal of this study was to evaluate,for the first time,the agronomic performance of Kernza in a low-latitude region with mild winters.Methods A KS-cycle 4 Kernza population(A)was planted in spring in Wisconsin,USA,and selected in one cycle for lower vernalization requirements,obtaining a new population(B).These two populations,at three nitrogen(N)fertilization rates,were evaluated in a full factorial,completely randomized field experiment in Uruguay over 2 years.Results The populations were similar in grain yields and flowering time in the 1st year,but population B had 63%lower grain yield in the 2nd year and 20%lower forage yield throughout the experiment.Increasing the N rate to 160 kg ha−1 led to a 63%increase in grain yield and 28%increase in forage yield across populations.Forage yields and nutritive values were similar to those reported in the northern hemisphere.However,grain yields for both the 1st(316 kg ha−1)and 2nd year(41 kg ha−1)were lower due to reduced flowering and weed competition.Conclusions Expansion of Kernza to lower-latitude regions will require further breeding to improve reproductive performance.

关键词： low-latitude regions nitrogen fertilization rates perennial grains Thinopyrum intermedium vernalization requirements

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diverse perennial circular forage systems are needed to foster resilience, ecosystem services, and socioeconomic benefits in agricultural landscapes

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Grassland Research 2022年第2期1卷 123-130页

作者： valentin d.picasso Marisol Berti Kim Cassida Sarah Collier di Fang Ann Finan Margaret Krome david Hannaway William Lamp Andrew W.Stevens Carol Williams department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State UniversityFargoNorth DakotaUSA department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA Food and Resource Economics department University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA department of Sociology St.Cloud State UniversitySt.CloudMinnesotaUSA Michael Fields Agricultural Institute East TroyWisconsinUSA department of Crop&Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA department of Entomology University of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA department of Agricultural and Applied Economics University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA

Prevailing agricultural systems dominated by annual crop monocultures,and the landscapes that contain them,lack resilience and multifunctionality.They are vulnerable to extreme weather events,contribute to degradation of soil,water,and air quality,reduce biodiversity,and negatively impact human health,social engagement,and equity.To achieve greater resilience,stability,and multiple ecosystem services therein,and to improve socioeconomic outcomes,we propose a practical framework to gain multifunctionality at multiple scales.This framework includes forages within agroecosystems that have the essential structural features of diversity,perenniality,and circularity.These three structural features are associated with increased resilience,stability,and provision of several ecosystem services,which in turn improve human health and socioeconomic outcomes.This framework improves understanding of,and access to,tools and materials for promoting the adoption of diverse circular agroecosystems with perennial forages.Application of this framework can result in land transformations that solve sustainability challenges in agriculture if policy,economic,and social barriers can be overcome by a transdisciplinary process of equitable knowledge production.

关键词： climate change forages multifunctionality resilience soil health sustainability transdisciplinary

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Epidemio-Clinical Aspects of Ecrectile dysfunction in Type 2 diabetics at Abeche Chu

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第2期14卷 50-60页

作者： Vadandi valentin Mahamat Ali Mahamat Minguemadji Allah Siyangar Temga Ouang Michael Vounouzia Barthelemy Ndormadjita Allah Siyangar Abdelmahamoud Chene Konan Paul Gerard Rimtebaye Kimassoum Urology department University Hospital Center Abeche Chad Urology department University Hospital of National Reference N’Djamena Chad Urology department University Hospital of Renaissance N’Djamena Chad Urology department University Hospital Center Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (Ed) is a frequent complication of diabetes and more frequently affects type 2 diabetics. It is often unrecognised or its management is delayed because it is often overshadowed by other complications. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of Ed. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study over an 8-month period from April to december 2021, of type 2 diabetic subjects with erectile dysfunction (Ed) seen at the University Hospital of Abeche. Erectile function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEFS5). Results: Out of a total of 112 patients with type 2 diabetes, 64 agreed to take part in the study. Only 40 patients correctly completed the survey form. Of these, 34 (85%) had erectile dysfunction. On average, our patients were over 49.4 years old, and 55.9% of them had had diabetes for more than 10 years. Erectile dysfunction had affected the social life of 21 patients (61.76% of cases) and 28 (82.35%) had not been informed by a healthcare professional. Most of them, 31 cases or 91.17%, had never told their GP about their erectile dysfunction. The patients who thought that diabetes had an influence on their erectile dysfunction represented 74%. diabetes was poorly controlled in 22 patients (64.70%). According to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF5), 85% of diabetic patients suffer from erectile dysfunction, including 28.6% with severe erectile dysfunction, 35.7% with moderate erectile dysfunction and 14.3% with mild erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction was significantly more frequent in diabetics with arterial hypertension and poor diabetic control. Conclusion: The hospital prevalence of erectile dysfunction in our patients is high. Early detection of this disorder therefore remains a challenge to be met in order to organise better psychological and drug treatment.

关键词： diabetes Erectile dysfunction Screening

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Large Painful Bursae at Abeche Hospital: Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 312-316页

作者： Vadandi valentin Mahamat Ali Mahamat Minguemadji Allah Siyangar Temga Ouang Michael Vounouzia Barthelemy Ndormadjita Allah Siyangar Abdelmahamoud Chene Konan Paul Gerard Rimtebaye Kimassoum department of Urology University Hospital Center Abeche Chad department of Urology University Hospital of National Reference N&#8217Djamena Chad department of Urology University Hospital of Renaissance N&#8217Djamena Chad department of Urology University Hospital Center Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Introduction: Acute large bursae (ALB) are a frequent reason for emergency consultations. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, clinical course, treatment and evolution of ALB at Abeche University Hospital. Patients and Method: This was a 45-month cross-sectional study from January 2020 to September 2023. Male patients of any age who had been admitted to and treated for acute large bursae at the Abeche University Hospital were included. Sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic variables were studied. Results: Acute large bursae accounted for 7.92% of emergency admissions. The average age was 39.40 years. 60.27% of patients came from rural areas. The average consultation time was 4 days, ranging from a few hours to 18 days. The main reason for consultation was pain. Strangulated inguino-scrotal hernia was the most common, followed by acute orchi-epididymitis, accounting for 41.8% and 26% of cases respectively. Traditional treatment prior to consultation was attempted in 13.7% of cases. All patients were treated as emergencies, 41 of whom had received medical treatment. Of the patients treated surgically, orchidopexy was performed in all. Parietal suppuration and anaemia occurred in 6.2% and 4.8% of cases respectively. Conclusion: A accounts for a significant proportion of our emergency care activity. However, patients are seen with a delay, which jeopardises the functional prognosis of the testicle and intestine.

关键词： Acute Large Bursa Orchiepididymitis Torsion Spermatic Cord CHU-A

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Knowledge and Attitudes of Nursing Staff towards Obstetric Fistula at the Abeche University Hospital, Chad

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 277-281页

作者： Vadandi valentin Mahamat Ali Mahamat Temga Ouang Michael Vounouzia Barthelemy Minguemadji Allah Siyangar Ndormadjita Allah Siyangar Abdelmahamoud Chene Konan Paul Gerard Rimtebaye Kimassoum department of Urology University Hospital Center Abeche Chad department of Urology University Hospital of National Reference N&#8217Djamena Chad department of Urology University Hospital of Renaissance N&#8217Djamena Chad department of Urology University Hospital Center Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire

Introduction: Prevention of obstetric fistula (OF) remains a challenge in Chad where its incidence is 464 cases/year. The present study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of nursing staff towards obstetric fistula. Patients and Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study including nursing staff at the Abéché University Hospital. The survey took place from March to May 2023 and the sampling was exhaustive. data collection was done using a form including a questionnaire on sociodemographic parameters, knowledge and attitudes. Participation in the study was voluntary and individual. Results: Participation in the study was 76.11%. Emergency department staff were the most represented, followed by gynecology-obstetrics staff with 34.4% and 20.91% of cases respectively. Nurses represented 53.17% of participants followed by doctors (23.52%). An exact definition of obstetric fistula was reported by 7.84% of participants and it was partial in 80.39%. The level of knowledge of risk factors was considered good in 12.41%. Exact knowledge of clinical signs was reported by 74.5% of cases. Among the participants, 1.96% reported that the treatment of obstetric fistula is traditional. Knowledge about means of prevention was considered good by 13.72% (n = 21), and attitudes by 26.79%? Obstetric fistula knowledge was influenced by profession (doctor, p = 0.011) and attitudes by service (p = 0.004) and profession (doctor, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Obstetric fistula is a curable disease whose prevention remains possible and requires good knowledge of the disease and the promotion of safe motherhood. This study should serve as a basis for the establishment of the obstetric fistula module in the curriculum of healthcare personnel and the promotion of continuing training for its eradication.

关键词： Obstetric Fistula Knowledge Attitudes CHU-A Abeche Chad

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Quantitative interactomic of Cd40 in primary B cells

hLife

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hLife 2024年第2期2卷 88-93页

作者： Jeremy Argenty Emilie Maturin Mylene Camus valentin Mellado Jeanne Perroteau Benoit Pasquier Guillaume Voisinne Odile Burlet-Schiltz Lih-Ling Lin Anne Gonzalez de Peredo Romain Roncagalli Bernard Malissen Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy Aix Marseille UniversitéINSERMCNRSMarseilleFrance Centre d’Immunophénomique Aix Marseille UniversitéINSERMCNRS UMRMarseilleFrance Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale Département Biologie Structurale BiophysiqueProtéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi Pyrénées CNRS UMR 5089205 Route de NarbonneToulouse CedexFrance Checkpoint Immunology Immunology and Inflammation Therapeutic AreaSanofiVitryFrance Checkpoint Immunology Immunology and Inflammation Therapeutic AreaSanofiCambridgeUSA

INTROdUCTION Over the past few decades,antibody-based therapies have emerged as an additional tool to treat patients developing cancer and auto-immune diseases.The natural properties of the developed antibodies may lead to agonist or blocking functions for the targeted molecule.Thus,antibodies developed for clinical trials are extensively analyzed in vitro and in vivo for safety and efficacy,yet they are not routinely evaluated for their potential signaling effectiveness.

关键词： routine antibodies clinical

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Iron-catalyzed reductive cyclization of nitroarenes: Synthesis of aza-heterocycles and dFT calculations

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第3期34卷 337-341页

作者： Christine Tran Aicha Abdallah valentin duchemann Guillaume Lefevre Abdallah Hamze CNRS BioCISUniversitéParis-SaclayChatenay-Malabry 92290France Chimie ParisTech CNRSInstitute of Chemistry for Life and Health SciencesPSL UniversityCSB2DParis 75005France

Research into environmentally friendly strategies for hydrogen transfer reduction is increasing, along with the need for more elaborate heterocyclic platforms. Within this context, we develop a new approach for substituted dihydrobenzo[c]carbazoles and indoles. These compounds were synthesized through an iron-catalyzed hydrogen transfer reduction of nitroarenes, followed by intramolecular cyclization. This transformation involves using a Kn?lker-type catalyst, Cs_(2)CO_(3) as the base, and benzyl alcohol as the nonexpensive and low volatile hydrogen donor. We synthesize 30 examples of aza-heterocycles with moderate to excellent yields by applying this strategy. Additionally, dFT calculations demonstrated that the pathway reaction could follow an anionic mechanism.

关键词： Iron Cyclization Nitroarenes dihydrobenzo[c]carbazoles Indoles

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Load dependent microstructural evolution in an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron during unlubricated sliding

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Friction 2022年第8期10卷 1258-1275页

作者： U.Pranav NAYAK Sebastian SUÁREZ valentin PESNEL Frank MÜCKLICH María Agustina GUITAR department of Materials Science Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Materials Engineering Center Saarland Saarbrücken 66123Germany Ecole Européenne d’ingénieurs en Génie des Matériaux Universitéde LorraineNancy 54000France

In the current study,an as-cast 26%Cr high chromium cast iron(HCCI)alloy was subjected to dry-sliding linear wear tests,under different loads.The loads were selected based on analytically computing the critical load(PC)i.e.,the load necessary to induce plastic deformation.The PC was calculated to be 15 N and accordingly,a sub-critical load(5 N)and an over-critical load(20 N)were chosen.The influence of increasing the load during the wear test was investigated in terms of the matrix microstructural behaviour and its ability to support the surrounding carbides.The morphological aspects of the wear tracks,and the deformed matrix microstructure adjacent and underneath the track was analysed by confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM),respectively.No evidence of plastic deformation of the matrix was observed below PC.On the contrary,at loads equal to and higher than PC,the austenitic matrix plastically deformed as evidenced by the presence of slip bands.Electron backscattered diffraction(EBSd)measurements in terms of grain reference orientation deviation,and micro-Vickers hardness of the austenitic matrix indicated a deformation depth of about 40μm at the maximum applied load of 20 N.The active wear mechanisms during sliding were a combination of both adhesive and abrasive wear,although increasing the load shifted the dominant mechanism towards abrasion.This was primarily attributable to the increased propensity for carbide cracking and fracturing,combined with the inability of the hardened austenitic matrix surface and sub-surface to adequately support the broken carbide fragments.Moreover,the shift in the dominant wear mechanism was also reflected in the wear volume and subsequently,the wear rate.

关键词： high chromium cast iron unlubricated sliding plastic deformation wear resistance carbide spallation matrix hardness

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direct ink writing to fabricate porous acetabular cups from titanium alloy

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Bio-design and Manufacturing 2023年第2期6卷 121-135页

作者： Naima valentin Weijian Hua Ashish K.Kasar Lily Raymond Pradeep L.Menezes Yifei Jin Mechanical Engineering department University of NevadaRenoRenoNV 89557USA

Acetabular cups,which are among themost important implants in total hip arthroplasty,are usually made from titanium alloys with high porosity and adequate mechanical properties.The current three-dimensional(3d)printing approaches to fabricate customized acetabular cups have some inherent disadvantages such as high cost and energy consumption,residual thermal stress,and relatively low efficiency.Thus,in this work,a direct ink writing method was developed to print a cup structure at room temperature,followed by multi-step heat treatment to form microscale porous structure within the acetabular cup.Our method is facilitated by the development of a self-supporting titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium(Ti64)ink that is composed of Ti64 particles,bentonite yield-stress additive,ultraviolet curable polymer,and photo-initiator.The effects of Ti64 and bentonite concentrations on the rheological properties and printability of inks were systematically investigated.Moreover,the printing conditions,geometrical limitations,and maximum curing depth were explored.Finally,some complex 3d structures,including lattices with different gap distances,honeycomb with a well-defined shape,and an acetabular cup with uniformly distributed micropores,were successfully printed/fabricated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Acetabular cup direct ink writing Titanium alloy Bentonite Heat treatment

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Quasi-Three-dimensional Cyclotriphosphazene-Based Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheet for Efficient Oxygen Reduction

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第9期15卷 550-561页

作者： Jianhong Chang Cuiyan Li Xiaoxia Wang daohao Li Jie Zhang Xiaoming Yu Hui Li Xiangdong Yao valentin Valtchev Shilun Qiu Qianrong Fang State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles College of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences189 Song Ling RdQingdao 266101ShandongPeople’s Republic of China Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie CNRSENSICAENUNICAENNormandie Univ6 Marechal Juin14050 CaenFrance

Metal-free carbon-based materials are considered as promising oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts for clean energy conversion,and their highly dense and exposed carbon active sites are crucial for efficient ORR.In this work,two unique quasi-three-dimensional cyclotriphosphazene-based covalent organic frameworks(Q3CTP-COFs)and their nanosheets were successfully synthesized and applied as ORR electrocatalysts.The abundant electrophilic structure in Q3CTP-COFs induces a high density of carbon active sites,and the unique bilayer stacking of[6+3]imine-linked backbone facilitates the exposure of active carbon sites and accelerates mass diffusion during ORR.In particular,bulk Q3CTP-COFs can be easily exfoliated into thin COF nanosheets(NSs)due to the weak interlayerπ-πinteractions.Q3CTP-COF NSs exhibit highly efficient ORR catalytic activity(half-wave potential of 0.72 V vs.RHE in alkaline electrolyte),which is one of the best COF-based ORR electrocatalysts reported so far.Furthermore,Q3CTP-COF NSs can serve as a promising cathode for Zn-air batteries(delivered power density of 156 mW cm-2 at 300 mA cm^(-2)).This judicious design and accurate synthesis of such COFs with highly dense and exposed active sites and their nanosheets will promote the development of metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts.

关键词： Covalent organic framework Quasi-three-dimensional structures Oxygen reduction reaction Metal-free electrocatalyst

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