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Hearing Loss among Grain Millers in the Informal Sector in Benin

Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第1期10卷 35-47页

作者： Mênonli Adjobimey Antoine Vikkey Hinson Rose Mikponhoué Eyidi M. Madeleine Concheta Tchibozo Esdras Hountohotegbe Paul ayélo Research and Education Unit in Occupational Health and Environment FSS Cotonou Benin Occupational Health Service of the National University Hospital of Pneumo-Phtisiology of Cotonou Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Epidemiology of Chronic and Neurological Diseases FSS Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Noise-induced hearing loss is a preventable health problem worldwide. However, it continues to affect workers especially in the informal sector, due to the lack of medical and environmental monitoring. In Benin, millers are highly exposed. The objective of the study was to assess the hearing health situation of grain millers in the Dantokpa market in 2020. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included by exhaustive recruitment 57 millers. The data were collected using a standardized questionnaire followed by blood pressure measurements, noise levels and the performance of audiometries. Descriptive and univariate analysis was performed. Results: The sample consisted only of men. The median age was 25 years with extremes of 18 and 50 years. Noise levels at the workstation ≥ 85 dB (A) were obtained for 94.74% of the workers. No worker was wearing hearing protection equipment. The prevalence of hearing loss was 87.72% (95% CI = [76.32%;94.92%]) and that of occupational deafness was 29.82% (95% CI = [18.43% - 43.40%]) which was associated with age over 28 and high blood pressure. An awareness campaign with donation of hearing pads was carried out. Conclusion: Hearing loss is important among millers who do not benefit from any supervision because they are in the informal sector. A restructuring of this sector is necessary for the hearing health of workers.

关键词： Noise Hearing Loss Blood Pressure Millers Benin

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Child Labor: Prevalence, Reasons and Knowledge of Early Learning of Handicrafts in Couffo, Benin in 2018

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第2期10卷 91-101页

作者： Mênonli Adjobimey Rose Christelle Nayéton Mikponhoue Paul Yearim Edah Ibrahim Mama Cisse Paul ayélo Vikkey Antoine Hinson Research and Education Unit in Occupational Health and Environment FSS Cotonou Benin Occupational Health Service of the National University Hospital of Pneumo-Phtisiology of Cotonou Cotonou Benin Faculty of Health Sciences College of Social Workers Cotonou Benin Occupational Health Training and Research Unit Faculty of Medicine Parakou Benin

Introduction: One form of child labor is early learning, which is a less worrying phenomenon in our communities in Benin. The objective of this study was to assess the practice of early learning for children in rural areas. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study combined with a qualitative component conducted in the Kissamey district of Benin with four targets: child apprentices (52), master craftsmen (41), parents and guardians (34), local authorities (9). The collection tools were a questionnaire and an interview guide. Results: The frequency of early learning among children was 32.07% with difficult socioeconomic conditions: polygamy (75%), strong siblings (79%), out of school (33%), unmet food needs (96%). The reasons for early learning according to parents were: refusal of the child to go to school (44%), financial difficulties (31%), school failure (22%), but 38% of these children did not know the reason for their learning. The actors had little knowledge of the regulatory texts. Conclusion: Early learning remains a societal problem related to out-of-school and difficult socioeconomic conditions.

关键词： Work Trades Children Early Learning

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Evaluation of Operating Room Noise by Different Medical Specialists

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第12期14卷 1016-1024页

作者： Ezgi Erkiliç Yasemin Akçaalan ayça Dumanli Özcan Yusuf Furkan Güneş Levent Öztürk Tülin Gümüş Orhan Kanbak Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department Ataturk City Hospital Ankara T&uumlrkiye

Noise pollution is in an increasing trend in the operating rooms, as has been the case in various other domains in life. It has been shown in studies that the main cause of this noise pollution consist of the behavior related to the operating room personel and the surgical equipment. These higher than normal noise levels may increase stress and decrease communication and performance, apart from the negative health effects on the operating team. In this study, we aimed to explore the sources of noise pollution and the place of music on these effects on anesthesiology and surgical doctors. Questions formulated through a questionnaire have been asked to the anesthesiology and surgical department physicians on a voluntary basis, and their approach to the concept of noise has been assessed. The study was planned as a descriptive study. In total, highest impact from noise pollution was found to be the aspirator (74.3%), chatting (55.4%), noises from the monitors (54.8%), alarms (48.6%), surgical material (25.9%) and music (23.8%). Noise had the most impact on the concentration of the doctors with a rate of 61.9%. Anesthesiologists, when compared to other surgical department physicians, were found to be impacted most by music with 37.2%. It is not realistic to eliminate all the noise and distraction. On the other hand, it can be minimalized through sufficient measures. Yet, general measures to keep the silence isn’t too likely to keep the noise down during long operations. Whereas music stays as a matter of personal choice. Controlled studies on whether to keep or not the music in the operating rooms aren’t yet sufficient, due to which, general recommendations do not apply. As a result of this study, we have found that while music might have performance increasing effects, it still has a potential as a distraction and interfere with the communication in the operating room.

关键词： Operating Room Noise Music

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Carbon Monoxide and Respiratory Disorders in Professional Female Fish Smokers at 2 Artisanal Sites in Benin

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2023年第4期11卷 175-186页

作者： Mênonli Adjobimey Ibrahim Mama Cissé Fintani Kaki Mariano Steven Sagbohan Perside Fabien Gounongbe Rose Mikponhoue ayélo Paul Vikkey Hinson Research and Teaching Unit in Occupational and Environmental Health FSS Cotonou Cotonou Benin Occupational Health Service of the National University Hospital of Pneumo-Phtisiology of Cotonou Cotonou Benin Faculty of Medicine Occupational Health Training and Research Unit Parakou Benin Inter-Faculty Centre for Environmental Training and Research for Sustainable Development University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin

Introduction: The use of biomass for cooking is a very common practice in Africa and Benin, and is associated with exposure to organic pollutants. The aim of this study was to assess carbon monoxide exposure and respiratory disorders in women at artisanal fish-smoking sites. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of women fish smokers at two artisanal fish-smoking sites in Benin. Recruitment was exhaustive. An interview using a respiratory questionnaire inspired by the Union questionnaire, spirometry and carbon monoxide (CO) measurement were carried out. Descriptive analysis and comparison of means using Student’s t-test with a threshold of p = 0.05 were performed. Results: The median age of the 81 people surveyed was 40, with an interquartile range (IQT) of [25 to 75]. The median duration of daily exposure to smoke was 6 h IQT [4, 7]. Of those surveyed, 64 (79.01%) were illiterate and 39 (48.24%) had been working for 20 years. CO levels at the start of activity varied from 89 to 145 ppm in one case and from 40 to 89 ppm in the other. Respiratory symptoms were present in 19 (23.46%);18 (22.22%) had mild airway impairment on spirometry. There was a statistically significant decrease between the mean values of peak expiratory flow (PEF), mean expiratory volume in seconds (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) before and after exposure to smoke. Conclusion: CO levels are high on fish smoking sites and respiratory problems are common. Improved working conditions are important for these women.

关键词： Respiratory Symptoms Spirometry Carbon Monoxide Fish Smoking Women

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Diabetic Patients on Ocular Complications of Diabetes in Lomé(Togo)

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2022年第9期12卷 197-210页

作者： Kokou Vonor Kossi Kodjo Kwam Dodji Godwin Yaovi Tété Koffi Didier ayéna Méba Banla Komi Patrice Balo Department of Ophthalmology Regional Hospital of Kara Kara Togo Departement of Ophthalmology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lomé Togo Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital of Lomé Lomé Togo

Introduction: The frequency and severity of eye complications from diabetes make patient education essential, which is the basis for adequate management. What is the level of education of diabetic patients in Lomé? The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of diabetic patients on the ocular complications of diabetes in Lomé. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study by surveys on diabetic patients from April 1 to June 31, 2020, in 6 diabetes management centers in Lomé. The correct response rate was established for each component. Knowledge: poor (≤ 50%), low (50% - 65%), medium (65% - 85%) and good (≥ 85%). Attitudes: harmful (≤ 50%), erroneous (50% - 65%), approximate (65% - 85%) and fair (≥ 85%). Practice: harmful (≤ 50%), inadequate (50% - 65%) and adequate (>65%). Results: Over the study period, 150 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 56.98 ± 13.37 years with a sex ratio of 1.1 (79 men/71 women). The overall level of knowledge was insufficient (50.6%) with 65.5% for general knowledge about diabetes and 35.8% for ocular complications of diabetes. Attitudes were approximate (68.7%). In the case of hyperglycemia, 31.3% of patients would confide in a diabetologist and 22.0% in a general practitioner. If decrease in vision, 84.3% of patients would contact the ophthalmologist. The level of practice was harmful (20.4%). For diabetic follow-up, 36.7% of patients have already seen an ophthalmologist, 41.3% have performed a fundus examination, 17.3% retinal angiography, 4% laser retinal photocoagulation and 2.7% intravitreal injection (IVT). An awareness session on the ocular complications of diabetes was followed by 52.7% of patients and 50.7% of patients followed a therapeutic education session. Conclusion: This study has shown that the level of knowledge was poor, attitudes approximate and practices harmful. It is therefore important to raise awareness about diabetes and its ocular complications with the aim to change behavior.

关键词： Knowledge Attitudes Practices Eye Complications Diabetes Lomé

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Results of the Evaluation of the Respiratory Condition of Permanent Workers in an Oil Mill in Benin

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第1期10卷 1-12页

作者： Mênonli Adjobimey Vikkey Hinson Serge Ade Rose Mikponhoue Ibrahim Mama Cisse Amélé Adjogou Véronique Dossougbété Paul ayélo Research and Teaching Unit in Occupational and Environmental Health FSS Cotonou Benin Occupational Health Service of the National University Hospital of Pneumo-Phtisiology of Cotonou Cotonou Benin Pneumology Unit Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Occupational Health Training and Research Unit Faculty of Medicine Parakou Benin Louis Pasteur Clinic Porto Novo Benin

Introduction: The process of extracting oil from cotton seeds can create dusty work atmospheres that can cause respiratory problems. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory problems among permanent workers in an oil mill in Benin. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 52 workers in an oil mill took place in January 2017 as part of the annual medical check-ups of workers. A questionnaire was administered and spirometry using Spirobank II and chest radiography were performed. The spirometry results were interpreted by an occupational physician and a pulmonologist. Data were entered and analyzed using Epidata software. Results: The mean age was 42.7 ± 6.4 years, and 43 of the 52 workers were men. Of these, 58% were in technical production positions and 42% in administrative positions. Most of them had more than 10 years of seniority. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms among production workers was 4 (13%) versus 2 (9%) among administrative workers. A total of 8 (15.4%) abnormal spirometry was identified with 4 obstructive syndrome, 3 restrictive syndrome, 1 a mixed pattern. There were 5 (16.6%) workers in production versus 3 (13.6%) in administration who had abnormal spirometry. The means 25/75 forced expiratory flow (FEF) value of production workers was significantly lower than that of administration workers. Abnormal chest radiographs were 5 (17%) in production workers compared to 3 (14%) in administration workers. Conclusion: Oil mill workers had few respiratory symptoms. However, production workers had more ventilatory disorders than administrative workers. A spirometric follow-up of this group of workers is therefore necessary.

关键词： Cottonseed Oil Mill Respiratory Symptoms Spirometry Chest Radiography Benin

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45 Years of Diplomatic Relations with Mutual Benefits

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China Today 2016年第11期65卷 40-41页

作者： JUAN CARLOS CAPU?ay Ambassador of Peru to China

Peru is the only Latin American country to have signed three bilateral treaties:the Free-trade Agreement(in 2010),the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership(in 2013),and the Strategic Dialogue on Economic Cooperation(in ... 详细信息

关键词：英语阅读理解外交关系

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Does Stem Cell Implantation Have an Effect on Severity of Retinitis Pigmentosa: Evaluation with a Classification System?

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2021年第1期11卷 36-48页

作者： ayşe Öner Neslihan Sinim Kahraman Ophthalmology Department Acibadem Kayseri Hospital Kayseri Turkey

Background: Cell replacement therapies have been evaluated in recent years as an alternative for various retinal pathologies to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of cell therapy, it is important to measure the severity of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of umbilical cord derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (UC-MSC) implantation on severity of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP). Methods: This single-center, clinical study included data of 138 eyes of 92 patients who had a confirmed diagnosis of RP and received stem cell implantation to the suprachoroidal area with a surgical procedure. Patients were evaluated before and 1 year after the surgery regarding to the outcome measures of Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Visual Field (VF) tests. BCVA, VF width and ellipsoid zone (EZ) width on OCT were recorded for each patient and a scoring criterion was established for each variable varying from 0 to 5 depending on its distribution. The cumulative score (from 0 to 15) was used to classify disease severity from grade 0 to 5. Results: All of the patients completed 12-month follow-up period. The median age of the patients was 40.8 years, 46% were female, 77% had been diagnosed within 10 years and 41% had a family history. 79% of the patients with family history had autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. There were statistically significant improvements in the mean BCVA and VF scores during the study (p Conclusions: This study demonstrated beneficial effect of suprachoroidally applied UC-MSCs on BCVA, VF and the severity score and grade of the disease during 12-month follow-up period. Cell mediated therapy based on the secretion of Growth Factors (GFs) s

关键词： Cell Mediated Therapy Retinitis Pigmentosa Suprachoroidal Implantation Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Visual Function Classification

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Book Review on Bifurcation and Chaos in Engineering（Springer—Verlag,Lo

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非线性动力学学报 2000年第3期7卷 195-197页

作者： Yushu,C Leung,ay Institute of

The discovery of Lorenz strange attractor in deterministic dynamical system in the 1960s has greatly promoted the development of nonlinear science covered over the theory and application fields of natural science, eng... 详细信息

关键词：工程学分歧混沌书评

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Progression of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma on Optical Coherence Tomography of the Optic Nerve Head

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2022年第4期12卷 345-351页

作者： Kokou Vonor Tchilabalo Tchodjoou Yaovi Tété Yawa Nagbé Roger Ahlonko Kuaovi-Koko Koffi Didier ayéna Méba Banla Komi Patrice Balo Service d’Ophtalmologie CHR Kara Tomdè Tomdè Togo Département d’Ophtalmologie Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Cabinet AFIA Lomé Togo

Aims: To describe the progression of Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) on Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) of the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL). Method: We conducted a descriptive retrospective study from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, a period of 5 years from the files of patients followed for POAG and having carried out at least two OCT examinations of the optic nerve head (ONH), one automated visual field and Intraocular pression (IOP). The variables studied were: age, sex, mean IOP, glaucoma stage, progression of ONH parameters, and progression of RNFL parameters. Results: During the period, 112 eyes of 56 patients were included. The mean age was 48.96 ± 16.57 [12 - 83] years with a sex-ratio of 1.33 (32 M/27 F). The mean IOP was 21 ± 4.54 [10 - 36] mm Hg. According to the mean deviation (MD) of the visual field, 98 eyes or 87.5% were stage 1 of POAG, 10 eyes or 8.9% at stage 2 and 4 eyes or 3.6% at stage 3. The mean time between the 1st and 2nd OCT examination was 28.91 ± 11.07 [6 - 56] months, corresponding to an average of 2.18 OCT per patient in 5 years of follow-up. There was an average increase of 6.2% of the Cup area and an increase in the vertical Cup/Disc ratio of 1.79% per year. The thinning average of neuro-retinal ring area was 1.64% per year. The RNFL thickness had decreased on average by 4.28 μ or 0.93% per year. The lower quadrant had the highest fiber loss with 1.08% per year followed by the upper quadrant with a loss of 1.05% per year. Conclusion: OCT of the ONH and RNFL proves to be an essential tool in the follow-up of POAG. A subsequent study taking into account the OCT of the macular ganglion complex will enable to study its contribution in the follow-up of glaucomatous patients in the same population.

关键词： POAG Progression OCT ONH-RNFL

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