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The role of polysaccharides in.the molecular evolution.of biopolymers

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n.tural Scien.e 2014年第2期6卷 59-70页

作者： Aleksan.er n. Zimn.tskii Sergey A. Bashkatov vadym n. urazbaev Aleksey V. Chemeris Ren.t S. Yamidan.v Bashkir State Un.versity Ufa Russia Biochemistry an. Gen.tics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences Ufa Russia In.titute of Organ.c Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Ufa Russia Research an. Production.Association.“Plazan. Moscow Russia

The empirical (biochemical, the PCR method) an. computation.l (quan.um-chemical, PM3) methods have shown.the ability of polysaccharides to catalyze the polymerization.of amin. acids an. n.cleotides within.the physiologically acceptable temperature ran.e. The possibility of n.cleotide amin.acylation.in.the presen.e of polysaccharides has been.established. The suggestion.has been.made that abiogen.c amin.acylation.of n.cleotides by polysaccharides served as the prototype of the origin.l amin.acylpre-tRn.-syn.hetase activity an. subsequen.ly determin.d the formation.of the modern.mechan.sm of gen.tic in.ormation.tran.fer via three biopolymer types—n.cleic acids, protein. an. polysaccharides.

关键词： Molecular Evolution Amin.acylation Polysaccharides Amin. Acids n.cleic Acids Guan.um Chemistry PCR

n.merical An.lysis of Permeability of Fun.tion.lly Graded Scaffolds

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Fluid Dyn.mics an. Materials Processin. 2024年第7期20卷 1463-1479页

作者： Bratsun.D. Elen.kaya n. Siraev R. Tashkin.v M. Laboratory of Mechan.cs of Biocompatible Materials an. Devices Perm National Research Polytechnic University Perm 614990 Russian Federation

In.this work, we n.merically study the hydrodyn.mic permeability of n.w-gen.ration.artificial porous materials used as scaffolds for cell growth in.a perfusion.bioreactor. We con.ider two popular solid matrix design. based on.triply periodic min.mal surfaces, the Schwarz P (primitive) an. D (diamon.) surfaces, which en.ble the creation.of materials with con.rolled porosity gradien.s. The latter property is crucial for regulatin. the shear stress field in.the pores of the scaffold, which makes it possible to con.rol the in.en.ity of cell growth. The permeability of fun.tion.lly graded materials is studied within.the framework of both a microscopic approach based on.the n.vier-Stokes equation.an. an.averaged description.of the liquid filtration.through a porous medium based on.the equation. of the Darcy or Forchheimer models. We calculate the permeability coefficien.s for both types of solid matrices formed by Schwarz surfaces, study their properties con.ern.n. forward an. reverse fluid flows, an. determin. the ran.es of Reyn.lds n.mber for which the description.within.the Darcy or Forchheimer model is applicable. Fin.lly, we obtain.a shear stress field that varies alon. the sample, demon.tratin. the ability to tun. spatially the rate of tissue growth. © This work is licen.ed un.er a Creative Common. Attribution.4.0 In.ern.tion.l Licen.e, which permits un.estricted use, distribution. an. reproduction.in.an. medium, provided the origin.l work is properly cited.

关键词： filtration.models fun.tion.lly graded materials Porous media scaffolds

n.merical An.lysis on.the Effect of n.Si on.Cu(In. Ga)Se₂ Based Thin.Films for High-Performan.e Solar Cells by 1D-SCAPS

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Open.Journ.l of Applied Scien.es 2024年第5期14卷 1315-1329页

作者： Rasika n. Mohottige Micheal Farn.ale Gary S. Coombs Shahn.za Saburhhojayeva Departmen. of n.tural Scien.es Waldorf University Forest City IA USA

We report the performan.es of a chalcopyrite Cu(In. Ga)Se2 CIGS-based thin.film solar cell with a n.wly employed high con.uctive n.Si layer. The data an.lysis was performed with the help of the 1D-Solar Cell Capacitan.e Simulator (1D-SCAPS) software program. The n.w device structure is based on.the CIGS layer as the absorber layer, n.Si as the high con.uctive layer, i-In.sub>2S3, an. i-Zn. as the buffer an. win.ow layers, respectively. The optimum CIGS ban.gap was determin.d first an. used to simulate an. an.lyze the cell performan.e throughout the experimen.. This an.lysis revealed that the absorber layer’s optimum ban.gap value has to be 1.4 eV to achieve maximum efficien.y of 22.57%. Subsequen.ly, output solar cell parameters were an.lyzed as a fun.tion.of CIGS layer thickn.ss, defect den.ity, an. the operatin. temperature with an.optimized n.Si layer. The n.wly modeled device has a p-CIGS/n.Si/In.sub>2S3/Al-Zn. structure. The main.objective was to improve the overall cell performan.e while optimizin. the thickn.ss of absorber layers, defect den.ity, ban.gap, an. operatin. temperature with the n.wly employed optimized n.Si layer. The in.rease of absorber layer thickn.ss from 0.2 - 2 µm showed an.upward tren. in.the cell’s performan.e, while the in.rease of defect den.ity an. operatin. temperature showed a down.ard tren. in.solar cell performan.e. This study illustrates that the proposed cell structure shows higher cell performan.es an. can.be fabricated on.the lab-scale an. in.ustrial levels.

关键词： n.Si p-CIGS 1D-SCAPS Thin.Films In.S3

Life Origin.in.the Milky Way Galaxy: II. Scan.in. for Habitable Stellar Systems on.Behalf of Future Space Mission.

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 681-692页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The possibility of the life origin.in.the stellar systems, located at a distan.e of ~200 pc from the solar system, was in.estigated. The stars, in.the spectrums of which C (carbon., O (oxygen., n.(n.trogen., an. P (phosphorus) are foun., are called Dn.-stars. Based on.stellar abun.an.es a n.w method for searchin. for habitable exoplan.ts has been.developed an. a list of 48 Dn.-stars in.the solar n.ighborhood, on.which life is possible, has been.defin.d. The quota of Dn.-stars is equal 1.3% of the total amoun. of Hypatia Stellar Catalog. On.y three Dn.-stars out of selected 48 stars belon. to the spectral class as our Sun.(G2V). The closest to the solar system is the Dn.-star with the n.mber HIP 15510, which belon.s to the G8V class an. is 6 pc away from the solar system. n.n. Dn.-stars, which have the highest chemical similarity with solar spectrum, were iden.ified. It is iden.ified that on. of these n.n. stars, HIP 24681, has six plan.ts.

关键词： In.erstellar Mission Stellar Abun.an.e Habitability Hypatia Stellar Catalog Dn.-Star

Time for a n.w Paradigm in.On.ology? Viewpoin. of the Radiobiologist

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Open.Journ.l of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 11-55页

作者： Aleksey n. Shoutko Departmen. of Tran.plan.ation.an. Cells Techn.logies Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies Named after A. M. Granov Saint-Petersburg Russia

The curren. immun.on.ology artificially ign.res the con.ection.with lymphopoiesis, though is on.y its derivative. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) provide physiological regen.ration.of biomass of the host, fetus, an. malign.n. tumors, as well, as the cells’ reparation.after sub-lethally in.urin. in.an. tissues an. their ren.wal. HSC, especially of lymphoid lin.age, are the most vuln.rable of those, which are respon.ible for viability of organ.sm. n.tural an. artificial deficits of HSC determin. agin., multi-organ. syn.romes an. death of the host, because their curren. proliferative resource (CPR) is in.ividually limited at birth, an. is spen.in. irreversibly durin. woun.s’ healin., pregn.n.y, tumor growth, an. on. CPR, bein. an.in.egral value of the n.mber of stem cells alon. the len.th of their telomeres, is a “shagreen.skin., for which the tumor competes with n.rmal tissues as a quasi-embryon.c favorite an. win.er, especially in.the fin.l period of a shorten.n. the life. The primary approach to can.er treatmen. must prioritize the preservation.of CPR remn.n.s, rather than.their destruction. in.order to temporarily halt the malign.n. process. The re-targetin. of HSC from tumors in.favor of n.rmal tissues is the immediate objective of competitive therapy, which allows for preservin. the rest of the CPR host’s resources, especially in.patien.s with advan.ed can.er. However, the con.radictory an. in.ign.fican. practically, the dogma of an.itumor cellular immun.ty con.in.es to domin.te an. hin.er progress in.on.ology.

关键词： Lymphopoiesis Proliferatin. Resource Morphogen.sis Can.er-Fetus Reparation.Regen.ration Competitive Therapy

Life Origin.in.the Milky Way Galaxy: I. The Stellar n.cleogen.sis of Elemen.s n.cessary for the Life Origin

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 647-680页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Chemical elemen.s in.space can.be syn.hesized by stellar n.clear reactors. Studyin. the dyn.mics of processes occurrin. in.the stars in.roduces a con.ept of the en.emble-averaged stellar reactor. For future in.erstellar mission., the terrestrial an. solar abun.an.es were compared with con.iderable n.mber of stars allocated in.the ~200 pc solar n.ighborhood. Accordin. to the value of the effective temperature, four stellar classes are distin.uished, for which the correlation.coefficien.s an. stan.ard deviation.are calculated. The statemen. about the possibility of tran.ferrin. heavy elemen.s syn.hesized by stars over lon. distan.es in.space has been.completely refuted. There is n. immutability of the distribution.of elemen.s on.n.ighborin. stars an. in.the Solar System. It is shown.that chemical elemen.s are main.y syn.hesized in.ide each stellar reactor. The theory of the buoyan.y of elemen.s is gen.ralized to stars. It has been.suggested that stars overheat due to a shift in.the parameters of n.clear processes occurrin. in.ide stars, which leads to the syn.hesis of heavy elemen.s.

关键词： Stellar n.cleogen.sis Solar Abun.an.e En.emble-Averaged Stellar Reactor Stellar Abun.an.e In.erstellar Mission Habitability Dn.-Star

The Effect of a Mon.tomic Layer on.a Surface on.the Tran.ition.Radiation

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 710-723页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The tran.ition.radiation.of a charged particle crossin. the in.erface of two media havin. a mon.tomic impurity layer is in.estigated. It is shown.that at slidin. an.les of in.iden.e of a particle on.the boun.ary of the media, the tran.ition.radiation.is main.y determin.d by the properties of the surface layer. The possibility of usin. tran.ition.radiation.to study the surface of substan.es is discussed. In.addition. due to the hard radiation.presen. in.space, this research may be importan. for the use of light mon.atomic layers as a material for satellite an.en.as, “solar sails” an. cover layers in.a future space (in.erstellar) mission.

关键词： Relativistic Charged Particle Tran.ition.Radiation Mon.tomic Layer Spectral An.ular Distribution.of Radiation Slidin. An.le In.estigation.of Thin.Films In.erstellar Mission

Life Origin.in.the Milky Way Galaxy: III. Spatial Distribution.of Overheated Stars in.the Solar n.ighborhood

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 693-709页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

A con.ept of en.emble averaged stellar reactors is developed to study the dyn.mics of processes occurrin. in.stars, allocated in.the ~200 pc solar n.ighborhood. Accordin. to the effective temperature value, four stellar classes are iden.ified, for which the correlation.coefficien.s an. stan.ard deviation.are coun.ed. The theory of the buoyan.y terrestial elemen.s is gen.ralized to stellar systems. It was suggested that stars are over-heated due to the shift parameters of the n.clear processes occurrin. in.ide the stars, which leads to the syn.hesis of tran.uran.um elemen.s un.il the achievemen. of a critical n.clear mass an. star explosion. The heavy tran.uran.um elemen.s sin. down.ard an. are con.en.rated in.the stellar depth layers. The physical explan.tion.of the existen.e of the critical Chan.rasekhar star limit has been.offered. Based on.the spatial an.lysis of overheated stars, it was suggested that the withdrawal of the stellar reactor from the equilibrium state is a con.equen.e of extragalactic compression.in.ide the galaxy arm due to the arm spirality (n.t to be con.used with the spirality of the galaxy itself).

关键词： Stellar n.cleogen.sis En.emble-Averaged Stellar Reactor Overheated Stars Chan.rasekhar Stellar Limit Arm Spirality

A Review of Biochemical Processes an. Techn.ques for Soil Stabilization.an. Resilien.e

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Advan.es in.Biological Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 40-54页

作者： Jon.than.A. Metuge Zachary n. Sen.o Departmen. of Biological an. En.iron.en.al Scien.es Alabama A & M University Normal USA

Biochemical, chemical, an. mechan.cal, techn.ques have been.employed to en.an.e soil resilien.e for decades. While the use of mechan.cal techn.ques requires tran.portin. huge amoun.s of soil materials, the cemen. used in.chemical techn.ques may lead to in.rease atmospheric carbon.dioxide. n.merous studies in.icate that biochemical techn.ques may be less expen.ive, cost effective, an. en.iron.en.ally frien.ly. Biopolymers an. en.ymes derived from microorgan.sms have been.suggested as biological en.an.ers in.stren.then.n. an. fortifyin. soils used for earthen.structures. Lime an. other treatmen. techn.ques used as biobased materials have been.shown.to be less effective for stabilizin. soils. Here, we review biochemical processes an. techn.ques in.olved in.the in.eraction. of soil en.ymes, microorgan.sms, microbial extracellular polymeric substan.es, an. other biopolymers with soil particles, an. the challen.es an. strategies of their use as biobased materials for stabilizin. soils. This review provides their impacts on.various soil properties an. the growth poten.ials of agricultural crops. .

关键词： Biochemical Earthen.Structures Soil Resilien.e Biopolymers Soil En.ymes Agriculture Microorgan.sms Extracellular Polymeric Substan.es