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Review on heat-to-power conversion technologies for hypersonic vehicles

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 148-179页

作者： Yinke QI Xiaofeng ma Peixue JIAnG Yinhai ZHU Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of CO_(2)Utilization and Reduction Technology Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Hypersonic vehicles have enormous military and economic value,while their power and thermal protection demands will increase substantially with the rise in mach number and *** the tremendous high-quality heat on the vehicle surface and engine wall into electrical energy through heat-to-power technologies will not only play a role in thermal protection,but also supply power for the *** paper provides a comprehensive review of heat-to-power conversion technologies on hypersonic vehicles,including the indirect conversion of Brayton and Rankine cycles,direct conversion of thermoelectric materials,and combined *** the open Brayton cycle with hydrocarbon fuel as the working fluid,the Power-to-Weight Ratio(PWR)can achieve the highest,at around 1.8,due to the high PWR of the hydrocarbon fuel turbine and the few components of the ***,its work capacity is limited by the flow rate of the supplied *** closed Brayton cycle can maintain a relatively high PWR,ranging from 0.2 to 0.8,while achieving relatively high output power and conversion *** Rankine cycle has a higher PWR,its range is close to that of the closed Brayton cycle,peaking at about *** thermoelectric materials technology has a small power generation level,making it more suitable for scenarios with low power *** review provides a basis for selecting and developing heat-to-power conversion technologies on hypersonic vehicles.

关键词： Hypersonic vehicles Heat-to-power conversion Brayton cycle Rankine cycle Thermoelectric materials

Fast source mask co-optimization method for high-nA EUV lithography

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 44-54页

作者： Ziqi Li Lisong Dong Xu ma Yayi Wei EDA Center Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System of Ministry of Education of China School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Guangdong Greater Bay Area Applied Research Institute of Integrated Circuit and Systems Guangzhou 510700China

Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)lithography with high numerical aperture(nA)is a future technology to manufacture the integrated circuit in sub-nanometer ***,source mask co-optimization(SMO)is an extensively used approach for advanced lithography process beyond 28 nm technology *** work proposes a novel SMO method to improve the image fidelity of high-nA EUV lithography system.A fast high-nA EUV lithography imaging model is established first,which includes the effects of mask three-dimensional structure and anamorphic ***,this paper develops an efficient SMO method that combines the gradient-based mask optimization algorithm and the compressivesensing-based source optimization algorithm.A mask rule check(MRC)process is further proposed to simplify the optimized mask *** illustrate that the proposed SMO method can significantly reduce the lithography patterning error,and maintain high computational efficiency.

关键词： computational lithography high-nA EUV lithography source-mask co-optimization lithography imaging model

Vision-Based Adaptive Prescribed-Time Control of UAV for Uncooperative Target Tracking with Performance Constraint

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 1956-1977页

作者： SHE Xuehua ma Hui REn Hongru LI Hongyi School of Automation and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Decision and Cooperative Control Guangdong University of Technology School of mathematics and Statistics Guangdong University of Technology College of Electronic and Information Engineering and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Generic Technology and System of Service Robots Southwest University

This paper discusses the uncooperative target tracking control problem for the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) under the performance constraint and scaled relative velocity constraint, in which the states of the uncooperative target can only be estimated through a vision sensor. Considering the limited detection range, a prescribed performance function is designed to ensure the transient and steady-state performances of the tracking system. Meanwhile, the scaled relative velocity constraint in the dynamic phase is taken into account, and a time-varying nonlinear transformation is used to solve the constraint problem, which not only overcomes the feasibility condition but also fails to violate the constraint boundaries. Finally, the practically prescribed-time stability technique is incorporated into the controller design procedure to guarantee that all signals within the closed-loop system are *** is proved that the UAV can follow the uncooperative target at the desired relative position within a prescribed time, thereby improving the applicability of the vision-based tracking approach. Simulation results have been presented to prove the validity of the proposed control strategy.

关键词： nonlinear transformation performance constraint prescribed-time tracking uncooperative target vision-based measurement

Age of Information for Short-Packet Covert Communication with Time Modulated Retrodirective Array

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China Communications 2024年第4期21卷 23-37页

作者： ma Yue ma Ruiqian Lin Zhi Yang Weiwei Cai Yueming Miao Chen Wu Wen Key Laboratory of near-Range RF Sensing ICs&Microsystems(nJUST) Ministry of EducationSchool of Electronic and Optical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China College of Electronic Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230037China College of Communications Engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China

In this paper,the covert age of information(CAoI),which characterizes the timeliness and covertness performance of communication,is first investigated in the short-packet covert communication with time modulated retrodirective array(TMRDA).Specifically,the TMRDA is designed to maximize the antenna gain in the target direction while the side lobe is sufficiently *** this basis,the covertness constraint and CAoI are derived in closed *** facilitate the covert transmission design,the transmit power and block-length are jointly optimized to minimize the CAoI,which demonstrates the trade-off between covertness and *** results illustrate that there exists an optimal block-length that yields the minimum CAoI,and the presented optimization results can achieve enhanced performance compared with the fixed block-length ***,we observe that smaller beam pointing error at Bob leads to improvements in CAoI.

关键词： age of information covert communication retrodirective array time modulation

Wearable multilead ECG sensing systems using on-skin stretchable and breathable dry adhesives

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 167-180页

作者： Yingxi Xie Longsheng Lu Wentao Wang Huan ma School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China College of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangzhou 510080China

Electrocardiogram(ECG)monitoring is used to diagnose cardiovascular diseases,for which wearable electronics have attracted much attention due to their lightweight,comfort,and long-term *** study developed a wearablemultilead ECG sensing system with on-skin stretchable and conductive silver(Ag)-coated fiber/silicone(AgCF-S)dry *** and normal adhesion to pigskin(0.43 and 0.20 n/cm2,respectively)was optimized by the active control of fiber density and mixing ratio,resulting in close contact in the electrode–skin *** breathableAgCF-S dry electrodewas nonallergenic after continuous fit for 24 h and can be reused/cleaned(>100 times)without loss of *** AgCF encapsulated inside silicone elastomers was overlapped to construct a dynamic network under repeated stretching(10%strain)and bending(90°)deformations,enabling small intrinsic impedance(0.3,0.1 Hz)and contact impedance variation(0.7 k)in high-frequency vibration(70 Hz).All hard/soft modules of the multilead ECG system were integrated into lightweight clothing and equipped with wireless transmission for signal *** synchronous acquisition of I–III,aVR,aVL,aVF,and V4 lead data,the multilead ECG sensing system was suitable for various scenarios,such as exercise,rest,and sleep,with extremely high signal-to-noise ratios.

关键词： Multilead electrocardiogram Dry electrodes Wearable electronics Wireless transmission

Gyroid Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Lattice Structure Enables Improved Superelasticity of CuAlMn Shape Memory Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第6期37卷 1047-1065页

作者： Mengwei Wu Chunmei ma Ruiping Liu Huadong Fu Department of materials Science and Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China Institute for Advanced materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Improving the shape memory effect and superelasticity of Cu-based shape memory alloys(Smas)has always been a research hotspot in many *** work systematically investigates the effects of Gyroid triply periodic minimal surface(TPMS)lattice structures with different unit sizes and volume fractions on the manufacturing viability,compressive mechanical response,superelasticity and heating recovery properties of CuAlMn *** results show that the increased specific surface area of the lattice structure leads to increased powder adhesion,making the manufacturability proportional to the unit size and volume *** compressive response of the CuAlMn Smas Gyroid TPMS lattice structure is negatively correlated with the unit size and positively correlated with the volume *** superelastic recovery of all CuAlMn Smas with Gyroid TPMS lattice structures is within 5%when the cyclic cumulative strain is set to be 10%.The lattice structure shows the maximum superelasticity when the unit size is 3.00 mm and the volume fraction is 12%,and after heating recovery,the total recovery strain increases as the volume fraction *** study introduces a new strategy to enhance the superelastic properties and expand the applications of CuAlMn Smas in soft robotics,medical equipment,aerospace and other fields.

关键词： Shape memory alloys Superelasticity Gyroid triply periodic minimal surface(TPMS)lattice structure Selective laser melting(SLM)

Photoinduced superlubricity on TiO_(2) surfaces

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 428-438页

作者： Ke HAn Liran ma Yu TIAn Jianbin LUO State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Received:16 September 2022/Revised:28 October 2022/Accepted:27 December 2022The author(s)2022.

Superlubricity control is of great interest in both industry and scientific research,and several methods have been proposed to achieve this *** this work,ultraviolet(UV)light was introduced into titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))and silicon nitride(Si_(3)n_(4))tribosystems to accomplish photoinduced *** friction coefficients(COFs)between Si_(3)n_(4) balls and TiO_(2) plates in the mixtures of sulfuric acid(H^(2)SO_(4))solution and glycerol solution were obviously reduced,and the system entered the superlubricity region(COFnation at a speed of 56 mm/***,the COF was much larger without UV treatment than that with UV *** formation of silica(SiO_(2))layers on the surfaces of Si_(3)n_(4) balls and the elastohydrodynamic effects were determined to be fundamental to the low friction in this experiment,and the enhancement of the combination between the TiO_(2) surface and the hydroxy group of glycerol by UV illumination was the key to the photoinduced superlubricity in this *** findings showed one method for achieving superlubricity by introducing a light field that could be further applied to special working conditions.

关键词： light control friction superlubricity glycerol titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))

Memristive oscillator to memristive map,energy characteristic

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1567-1578页

作者： GUO YiTong ma Jun ZHAnG XiaoFeng HU XiKui College of Electrical and Information Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China Department of Physics Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China School of Science Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China

Most of nonlinear oscillators composed of capacitive and inductive variables can obtain the Hamilton energy by using the Helmholtz theorem when the models are rewritten in equivalent vector *** energy functions for biophysical neurons can be obtained by applying scale transformation on the physical field energy in their equivalent neural *** dynamical systems often have exact energy functions,while some mathematical models just suggest generic Lyapunov functions,and the energy function is effective to predict mode *** this paper,a memristive oscillator is approached by two kinds of memristor-based nonlinear circuits,and the energy functions are defined to predict the dependence of oscillatory modes on energy *** absence of capacitive variable for capacitor,the physical time t and charge q are converted into dimensionless variables by using combination of resistance and inductance(L,R),e.g.,τ=t×R/*** energy function for each memristive map is proposed by applying the similar weights as energy function for the memristive *** example,energy function for the map is obtained by replacing the variables and parameters of the memristive oscillator with corresponding variables and parameters for the memristive *** memristive map prefers to keep lower average energy than the memristive oscillator,and chaos is generated in a discrete system with two *** scheme is helpful for energy definition in maps,and it provides possible guidance for verifying the reliability of maps by considering the energy characteristic.

关键词： Hamilton energy memristor Helmholtz theorem scale transformation memristive circuit

Integration of earth-abundant cocatalysts for high-performance photoelectrochemical energy conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 336-355,I0008页

作者： Joonhee ma Sang Hyun Ahn Soo Young Kim Department of materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering and materials Science Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul 06974Republic of Korea

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)energy conversion has emerged as a promising and efficient approach to sustainable energy harvesting and *** utilizing semiconductor photoelectrodes,PEC devices can harness solar energy and drive electrochemical reactions such as water splitting or carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction to generate clean fuels and value-added ***,PEC energy conversion faces several challenges such as high overpotential,sluggish reaction kinetics,charge carrier recombination,and stability issues,which limit its practical ***,significant research has been conducted to improve the overall conversion efficiency of PEC *** particularly promising approach is the use of cocatalysts,which involves introducing specific cocatalysts onto the photoelectrode surface to promote charge separation,improve reaction kinetics,and reduce the overpotential,thereby enhancing the overall performance of PEC energy *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in the earth-abundant cocatalysts for PEC water splitting and CO_(2) *** main earth-abundant catalysts for the PEC water splitting include transition-metal dichalcogenide(TMD)-based materials,metal phosphides/carbides,and metal oxides/***,PEC-CO_(2)RR was divided into C_(1) and C_(2+)based on the final product since various products could be produced,focusing on diverse earth-abundant materials-based *** addition,we provide and highlight key advancements achieved in the very recent reports on novel PEC system design engineering with ***,the current problems associated with PEC systems are discussed along with a suggested direction to overcome these obstacles.

关键词： Solar energy Photo-electrochemical Water splitting CO_(2)reduction Cocatalysts