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Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna k.Girish Peter v.Chrystal velmurugu Ravindran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore Complete Feed Solutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients(SIDC)of nitrogen(N)and amino acids(AA)in two protein sources(soybean meal[SBM]and canola meal[CM])were investigated at six broiler ages(d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM(413 g/kg)or CM(553 g/kg)as the sole dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was added as an indigestible marker.A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age *** assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7(14 birds/cage),14(12 birds/cage),21(10 birds/cage),28(8 birds/cage),35(8 birds/cage)and 42(6 birds/cage),*** apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA *** the SBM group,though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;P=0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;Pved on the average SIDC of dispensable AA(DAA)in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7,followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28,which increased beyond d *** SIDC of some individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp,Cys,Pro)were affected(Pverage SIDC of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;Pverage SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increased beyond d *** average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased *** SIDC of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;Pvariable,depending on the protein source and *** results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

The Radcliffe Wave Parameters from Data on Open Star Clusters

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 106-109页

作者： v.v.Bobylev A.T.Bajkova Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory St-Petersburg 196140Russia

A spectral analysis of the vertical positions and velocities of 374 open star clusters(OSCs)was carried *** took these OSCs from the Hunt and Reffert catalog;they have an average age of about 10 million years,and are located on the galactic plane XY in a narrow zone inclined by 25°to the galactic axis *** following estimates of the parameters of the Radcliffe wave were obtained:(a)the maximum value in periodic perturbations of vertical coordinates Z_(max)=92±10pc with the wavelength of these perturbations λ_(z)=4.82±0.09 kpc;(b)the maximum value of the velocity of vertical disturbances Wmax=4.36±0.12km s^(-1) with disturbance wavelengthλ_(W)=1.78±0.02 *** that the results of the vertical velocity analysis are first-class in accuracy and completely new.

关键词： (Galaxy) local interstellar matter-Galaxy structure-(Galaxy) solar neighborhood

Exploring van der Waals materials with high anisotropy:geometrical and optical approaches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 645-653页

作者： Aleksandr S.Slavich Georgy A.Ermolaev Mikhail k.Tatmyshevskiy Adilet N.Toksumakov Olga G.Matveeva Dmitriy v.Grudinin kirill v.voronin Arslan Mazitov konstantin v.kravtsov Alexander v.Syuy Dmitry M.Tsymbarenko Mikhail S.Mironov Sergey M.Novikov Ivan kruglov Davit A.Ghazaryan Andrey A.vyshnevyy Aleksey v.Arsenin valentyn S.volkov kostya S.Novoselov Moscow Center for Advanced Studies Kulakova str.20Moscow 123592Russia. Emerging Technologies Research Center XPANCEOInternet CityEmmay TowerDubaiUnited Arab Emirates. Donostia International Physics Center(DIPC) Donostia/San-Sebastián 20018Spain. Institute of Materials Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland. Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia. Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Yerevan State UniversityYerevan 0025Armenia. National Graphene Institute(NGI) University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK. Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 03-09 EASingapore. Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials National University of Singapore117544 SingaporeSingapore

The emergence of van der Waals(vdW)materials resulted in the discovery of their high optical,mechanical,and electronic anisotropic properties,immediately enabling countless novel phenomena and *** success inspired an intensive search for the highest possible anisotropic properties among vdW ***,the identification of the most promising among the huge family of vdW materials is a challenging quest requiring innovative ***,we suggest an easy-to-use method for such a survey based on the crystallographic geometrical perspective of vdW materials followed by their optical *** our approach,we found As2S3 as a highly anisotropic vdW *** demonstrates high in-plane optical anisotropy that is~20%larger than for rutile and over two times as large as calcite,high refractive index,and transparency in the visible range,overcoming the century-long record set by *** these benefits,As2S3 opens a pathway towards nextgeneration nanophotonics as demonstrated by an ultrathin true zero-order quarter-wave plate that combines classical and the Fabry–Pérot optical phase ***,our approach provides an effective and easy-to-use method to find vdW materials with the utmost anisotropic properties.

关键词： anisotropy anisotropic high

Al-Ca-Cu三元合金体系中与铝平衡的金属间化合物

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第5期34卷 1380-1392页

作者： T.k.AkOPYAN T.A.SvIRIDOvA N.A.BELOv N.v.LETYAGIN A.v.kOROTITSkIY National University of Science and Technology MISiS 4 Leninsky pr.Moscow 119049Russia

对三元Al-Ca-Cu合金体系中与铝固溶体平衡的(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca、Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)和Al_(8)CaCu_(4)金属间化合物的结构和性能进行全面分析。基于Al4Ca相中部分Al原子被Cu取代,将(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca金属间化合物视为线性化合物。化合物中铜的... 详细信息

对三元Al-Ca-Cu合金体系中与铝固溶体平衡的(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca、Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)和Al_(8)CaCu_(4)金属间化合物的结构和性能进行全面分析。基于Al4Ca相中部分Al原子被Cu取代,将(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca金属间化合物视为线性化合物。化合物中铜的溶解度达到10 at.%(19 wt.%),导致化合物的晶格结构、物理和力学性能发生显著变化。例如,化合物的密度从2.22 g/cm^(3)增加到2.79 g/cm^(3),显微硬度从Hv 180增加到Hv 250。将Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)相视为具有严格化学计量比和BaHg11型初始晶体结构的三元化合物,其空间群为Pm3m,晶格参数为8.514Å,密度为3.45 g/cm^(3)。Al_(8)CaCu_(4)相也是严格化学计量比的三元化合物,具有Mn_(12)Th型晶格结构,最高的显微硬度(Hv 505)和密度(4.57 g/cm^(3))。属于二元(Al)+(Al,Cu)_(4)Ca相场和准二元(Al)+Al_(27)Ca_(3)Cu_(7)截面的合金,有前景作为新型天然铝基复合材料的基材。

关键词：金属间化合物 Al-Ca合金显微组织晶体结构物理性能力学性能

Intelligent Energy Utilization Analysis Using IUA-SMD Model Based Optimization Technique for Smart Metering Data

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第1期31卷 90-98页

作者： k.Rama Devi v.Srinivasan G.Clara Barathi Priyadharshini J.Gokulapriya Department of Information Technology Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennaiTamil Nadu 600029India Department of Computer Applications Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBengaluru 560078KarnatakaIndia Department of Computer Appliations Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641021India Department of Computer Science Rathinam College of Arts and ScienceCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641021India

Smart metering has gained considerable attention as a research focus due to its reliability and energy-efficient nature compared to traditional electromechanical metering systems. Existing methods primarily focus on data management,rather than emphasizing efficiency. Accurate prediction of electricity consumption is crucial for enabling intelligent grid operations,including resource planning and demandsupply balancing. Smart metering solutions offer users the benefits of effectively interpreting their energy utilization and optimizing costs. Motivated by this,this paper presents an Intelligent Energy Utilization Analysis using Smart Metering Data(IUA-SMD)model to determine energy consumption patterns. The proposed IUA-SMD model comprises three major processes:data Pre-processing,feature extraction,and classification,with parameter optimization. We employ the extreme learning machine(ELM)based classification approach within the IUA-SMD model to derive optimal energy utilization labels. Additionally,we apply the shell game optimization(SGO)algorithm to enhance the classification efficiency of the ELM by optimizing its parameters. The effectiveness of the IUA-SMD model is evaluated using an extensive dataset of smart metering data,and the results are analyzed in terms of accuracy and mean square error(MSE). The proposed model demonstrates superior performance,achieving a maximum accuracy of65.917% and a minimum MSE of0.096. These results highlight the potential of the IUA-SMD model for enabling efficient energy utilization through intelligent analysis of smart metering data.

关键词： electricity consumption predictive model data analytics smart metering machine learning

Experimental and numerical investigation on alternatives to sandy gravel

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 130-141页

作者： v.Denefeld H.Aurich Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400KandernGermany

The NATO agreement STANAG 4569 defines the protection levels for the occupants of logistic and light armored *** Allied Engineering Publication,AEP-55,volume 2 document outlines the test conditions for underbelly improvised explosive device(IEDs),which must be buried in water-saturated sandy *** use of sandy gravel has some drawbacks,for instance reproducibility,time consumption,and *** paper focuses on the investigation of four alternatives to sandy gravel,which could produce similar specific and cumulative impulses:a concrete pot filled with water,a concrete pot filled with quartz sand,a steel pot without filling and a concrete pot filled with glass spheres(diameter 200μm—300μm)and different water *** impulses are measured with a ring technology developed at the Fraunhofer EMI.A numerical soil model based on the work of Marrs,2014 and Fi serov a,2006 and considering the soil moisture was used to simulate the experiments with glass spheres at different water contents,showing much better agreement with the experiments than the classical Laine&Sandvik model,even for high saturation *** results can be used to create new test conditions at original scale that are more cost-effective,more reproducible and simpler to manage in comparison to the current tests carried out with STANAG sandy gravel.

关键词： Improvised explosive device(IED) Specific impulse Momentum transfer Sandy gravel Glass spheres Numerical model Soil moisture

Microstructure， electrochemical， wear and corrosive wear performance of laser-based powder bed fusion(lpbf) and wrought biomedical Ti-6Al-4v alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： A.G.Lekatou B.v.Efremenko v.Haoui v.G.Efremenko S.Emmanouilidou v.I.Zurnadzhy I.Petryshynets Yu.G.Chabak I.I.Sili Laboratory of Applied Metallurgy， Department of Materials Science and Engineering， School of Engineering， University of Ioannina Institute of Materials Science and Computing， University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI) Pryazovskyi State Technical University， Department of Physics Institute of Materials Research of Slovak Academy of Sciences

Wrought and laser powder bed fusion （LPBF） Ti-6Al-4v specimens were comparatively evaluated， with the objective to determine LPBF Ti-6-4’s suitability for biomedical applications. Testing included nanoindentation， cyclic polarization in simulated body fluid （SBF， 37 ℃ ）， and dry and SBF “Ball-on-Plate” sliding. Wrought Ti-6-4 exhibited a lamellar （α+β） microstructure， whereas LPBF displayed a fine-grained α'-martensite microstructure. LPBF Ti-6-4 demonstrated ～3% higher indentation modulus and ～32% higher hardness， while wrought Ti-6-4 showed ～8% higher plasticity. Both alloys exhibited low corrosion rates (10–5mA/cm2order) and true passivity (10–4mA/cm2order). No localized corrosion was observed in either alloy， except for occasional metastable pitting in the LPBF alloy. However， LPBF Ti-6-4 presented higher corrosion rate and passive current， ascribed to its martensitic structure. During dry sliding， LPBF Ti-6-4 exhibited ～14% lower volume loss compared to wrought Ti-6-4. Sliding in SBF increased volume losses for both alloys， with wear resistances nearly equalized， as the advantage of LPBF Ti-6-4 decreased due to more intensive wear-accelerated corrosion induced by the stressed martensite. Overall， the results demonstrate the suitability of LPBF Ti-6Al-4v for biomedical uses.

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Pyrolysis technologies for biochar production in waste management:a review

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 61-78页

作者： kavan kumar v NLPanwar Department of Renewable Energy Engineering College of Technology and EngineeringMPUATUdaipurRajasthan 313001India

Pyrolysis is a thermal conversion process in the absence of air to derive energy components from the ***-energy technologies will play a major role in addressing future challenges related to environmental safety and energy *** of the many easily available renewable energy sources is biomass-an organic material that is thought to be *** technology is a thermochemical process that can be used to produce useful products from biomass,such as biochar,bio-oil and combustible pyrolysis *** structure and relative product yield are impacted by the pyrolysis method *** article evaluates different approaches for biomass ***,slow and advanced pyrolysis methods using various pyrolyser reactors have been studied in the literature and are provided to increase the variety and use of these methods in upcoming studies and re*** pyrolysis can lead to increased ecological well-being,as it increases the amount of biochar produced using auger and rotary-kiln *** pyrolysis,mainly in fluidized-bed reactors with bubbling and rotating circulation,can be used to obtain *** pyrolysis methods offer a good probability of yielding great prosperity for specific *** selection of a pyrolysis process is based on the required output in terms of solid,liquid and gaseous fuels,and the parameter plays a crucial role in the pyrolysis performance.

关键词： biomass thermochemical process slow pyrolysis fast pyrolysis and advanced pyrolysis

Gradient-induced long-range optical pulling force based on photonic band gap

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 865-874页

作者： Wenlong Lu Alexey v.krasavin Sheng Lan Anatoly v.Zayats Qiaofeng Dai Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and DevicesSchool of Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUK

Optical pulling provides a new degree of freedom in optical *** is generally believed that long-range optical pulling forces cannot be generated by the gradient of the incident ***,we theoretically propose and numerically demonstrate the realization of a long-range optical pulling force stemming from a self-induced gradient field in the manipulated *** analogy to potential barriers in quantum tunnelling,we use a photonic band gap design in order to obtain the intensity gradients inside a manipulated object placed in a photonic crystal waveguide,thereby achieving a pulling *** the usual scattering-type optical pulling forces,the proposed gradient-field approach does not require precise elimination of the reflection from the manipulated *** particular,the Einstein-Laub formalism is applied to design this unconventional gradient *** magnitude of the force can be enhanced by a factor of up to 50 at the optical resonance of the manipulated object in the waveguide,making it insensitive to *** developed approach helps to break the limitation of scattering forces to obtain longrange optical pulling for manipulation and sorting of nanoparticles and other *** developed principle of using the band gap to obtain a pulling force may also be applied to other types of waves,such as acoustic or water waves,which are important for numerous applications.

关键词： optical waveguide scattering