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Stroke depression:a concept with clinical applicability

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Stroke & vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 189-193页

作者： Jun Mu Arun v ravindran Pim Cuijpers Yiqing Shen Wensong Yang Qi Li Xinyu Zhou Peng Xie Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Campbell Family Mental Health research Centre Centre for Addiction and Mental HealthDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Clinical Neuro and Developmental PsychologyAmsterdam Public Health research instituteVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Psychiatry The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Stroke is a common neurological condition and among the leading causes of death and disability *** is both a risk factor for and complication of stroke,and the two conditions may have a complex reciprocal relationship over ***,the secondary effects of depression on stroke are often overlooked,resulting in increased morbidity and *** the previous concept of‘poststroke depression’,stroke and depression were considered as two independent *** often delays the diagnosis and treatment of *** concept‘stroke depression’proposed in this article will emphasise more the necessity of aggressive treatment of depression in the overall management of stroke,thus to reduce the incidence of stroke and in the meantime,improve the prognosis of ***,it will lead us into a new era of acute stroke intervention.

关键词： diagnosis mortality acute

Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter v.Chrystal velmurugu ravindran Monogastric research Center School of Agriculture and Environment Massey University Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd Complete Feed Solutions

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in two protein sources (soybean meal [SBM] and canola meal [CM]) were investigated at six broiler ages (d 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42). Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM (413 g/kg) or CM (553 g/kg) as the sole dietary AA source. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added as an indigestible marker. A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age group. Each assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7 (14 birds/cage), 14 (12 birds/cage), 21 (10 birds/cage), 28 (8 birds/cage), 35 (8 birds/cage) and 42 (6 birds/cage), respectively. The apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA flows. In the SBM group, though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced (quadratic; P=0.075) by age, no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable (IAA) and total AA (TAA). An age effect (quadratic; Prved on the average SIDC of dispensable AA (DAA) in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7, followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28, which increased beyond d 35. The SIDC of some individual AA (Arg, Thr, Trp, Cys, Pro) were affected (Pr Pratic manner by age. In the CM, the SIDC of N, average SIDC of IAA, DAA and TAA were influenced (quadratic; Pr Pverage SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14, declined at d 21, and then increased beyond d 28. The average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased thereafter. The SIDC of individual AA were affected (linear or quadratic; Pr Prent magnitudes by age. The age influence on the SIDC AA was variable, depending on the protein source and AA. The results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

Progress in ileal endogenous amino acid flow research in poultry

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 415-425页

作者： v.ravindran Monogastric research Centre School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand

The progress in our understanding of the endogenous protein concept over the past century is *** proteins found in the digesta at the terminal ileum of poultry,known as endogenous protein loss,are comprised of digestive secretions,mucus and sloughed gut epithelial *** measurement of this loss is of fundamental importance because it is an indicator of gut metabolism and is essential to adjust apparent estimates of ileal amino acid *** ileal endogenous amino acid losses comprise of two components,namely basal and specific *** basal losses are fixed and associated with feed dry matter intake,whereas the specific losses are variable and induced by the presence of dietary components such as fibre and *** there is no methodology available to directly measure the specific endogenous losses and these losses are calculated by determining the basal and total(basal plus specific)losses and,then subtracting the basal losses from total *** seminal features,specific applications and shortcomings of available methodologies are briefly outlined as well as the practical challenges faced in using the published endogenous amino acid loss values for true digestibility *** relevance of taurine as a component of endogenous protein flow in poultry is identified for the first time.

关键词： Basal loss Digestible amino acids Endogenous amino acid losses Poultry Specific loss

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An unreported complication of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第27期13卷 3756-3757页

作者： G Muthukumarasamy v Shanmugam Sr Yule r ravindran Department of Surgery Aberdeen University and Aberdeen Royal Infirmary Foresterhill Aberdeen Scotland AB25 2ZN United Kingdom Department of Surgery Lincoln County Hospital Lincoln England LN2 5QY United Kingdom Department of radiology Aberdeen University and Aberdeen Royal Infirmary Foresterhill Aberdeen Scotland AB25 2ZN United Kingdom

Acute pancreatitis constitutes 3% of all admissions with abdominal pain. There are reports of osteal fat necrosis leading to periosteal reactions and osteolytic lesions following severe pancreatitis, particularly in long bones. A 54-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with acute pancretitis, who later developed spinal discitis secondary to necrotizing pancreatitis. He was treated conservatively with antibiotics and after a month he recovered completely without any neurological deficit. This case is reported for its unusual and unreported spinal complications after acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Spinal osteomyelitis Lumbar discitis Fat necrosis Necrotizing pancreatitis

response of Photonic Hydrogels of Homogeneous Particles to Uranyl Ions in Aqueous Solutions

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Photonic Sensors 2023年第4期13卷 50-61页

作者： r.G.JOSHI Deepak K.GUPTA P.AMESH P.K.PArIDA T.r.ravindran Materials Science Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchA CI of Homi Bhabha National InstituteKalpakkam 603102India Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchA CI of Homi Bhabha National InstituteKalpakkam 603102India Metallurgy and Materials Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchA CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute(HBNI)Kalpakkam 603102India

We study here the response of photonic hydrogels(PHs),made of photonic crystals of homogeneous silica particles in polyacrylamide hydrogels(SPHs),to the uranyl ions 22 UO_(2)^(2+) in aqueous *** is found that the reflection spectra of the SPH show a peak due to the Bragg diffraction,which exhibits a blue shift in the presence of 22 UO_(2)^(2+).Upon exposure to the SPH,22 UO_(2)^(2+)gets adsorbed on the SPH and forms complex coordinate bonds with multiple ligands on the SPH,which causes shrinking of hydrogel and leads to the blue shift in the diffraction *** amount of the blue shift in the diffraction peak increases monotonically up to 22 UO_(2)^(2+)concentrations as high as 2300μ*** equilibration time for the shift in the Bragg peak upon exposure to 22 UO_(2)^(2+)is found to be~30 *** results are in contrast to the earlier reports on photonic hydrogels of inhomogeneous microgel particles hydrogel(MPH),which shows the threshold 22 UO_(2)^(2+)concentration of~600μM,below which the diffraction peak exhibits a blue shift and a change to a red shift above *** equilibration time for MPH is~300 *** observed monotonic blue shift and the faster time response of the SPH to 22 UO_(2)^(2+)as compared to the MPH are explained in terms of homogeneous nature of silica particles in the SPH,against the porous and polymeric nature of microgels in the *** also study the extraction of 22 UO_(2)^(2+)from aqueous solutions using the *** extraction capacity estimated by the arsenazo-III analysis is found to be 112 mM/kg.

关键词： Photonic hydrogels uranium extraction and monitoring arsenazo-Ⅲ-uranium complex polyacrylamide hydrogel Uv-visible spectroscopy

Influence of barley inclusion method and protease supplementation on growth performance,nutrient utilisation,and gastrointestinal tract development in broiler starters

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 61-70页

作者： L.M.Tari W.N.U.Perera F.Zaefarian M.r.Abdollahi A.J.Cowieson v.ravindran Monogastric research Centre School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPrivate Bag 11222Palmerston North4442New Zealand Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya20400Sri Lanka DSM Nutritional Products Wurmisweg 576KaiseraugstSwitzerland

The influence of the method of barley inclusion(fine,coarse and whole barley)in a wheat-based diet and protease supplementation(0 and 0.20 g/kg)on growth performance,nutrient utilisation and gastrointestinal tract development of broilers(d 1 to 21)was evaluated in a 32 factorial *** barley(WB)grains were ground in a hammer mill to pass through the screen sizes of 2.5 and 8.0 mm to achieve fine(FB)and coarse(CB)barley particle sizes,respectively.A total of 288,one-day-old male broilers were allotted to 36 cages(6 cages/treatment;8 birds/cage).There was no significant(P>0.05)interaction between barley inclusion method and protease for any growth performance or nutrient utilisation *** fed diets containing CB and WB showed higher(Pry matter,nitrogen,calcium,gross energy,and ileal digestible energy compared to those fed FB *** to the birds fed FB diets,feed per gain was lower(Prds fed diets made of *** digestibility of the birds fed CB was higher(Presulted in heavier(Prds but reduced(Prd *** protease,however,had no effects(P>0.05)on growth performance and nutrient utilisation,most likely due to the well balanced digestible amino acids and high inherent digestibility of protein in the basal diet,and/or the presence of exogenous carbohydrase and *** conclusion,the present results showed that the inclusion of coarsely ground and whole barley in a wheat-based diet can enhance nutrient and energy utilisation and is beneficial to the growth performance of young broilers.

关键词： Barley Broiler Particle size Protease Whole grain

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GETTING MOrE OUT OF rAW MATErIALS:CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES

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GETTING MORE OUT OF RAW MATERIALS:CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITI...

Potential of a fucoidan-rich Ascophyllum nodosum extract to reduce Salmonella shedding and improve gastrointestinal health in weaned pigs naturally infected with Salmonella

作者： v.ravindran Institute of Food Nutrition and Human HealthMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand

＜正＞Introduction Global consumption of poultry meat has consistently increased over the years and this trend is expected to *** to FAO estimates,the global demand for poultry meat will increase by up to 85 per cent between 1995 and 2020,and much of this increase will be in developing *** a growth in the poultry meat industry will have a profound effect on demand for feed and raw *** is becoming clear that the requirements for traditional raw materials,both energy and protein sources,cannot be met even with optimistic forecasts.

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1193-1208页

作者： Brigkita venardou John vO’Doherty Shane Maher Marion Tryan vivian Gath rajeev ravindran Claire Kiely Gaurav rajauria Marco Garcia-vaquero Torres Sweeney School of veterinary Medicine University College DublinBelfield Dublin 4Ireland School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfield Dublin 4Ireland.

Background:Dietary supplementation with a fucoidan-rich Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE),possessing an in vitro anti-Salmonella Typhimurium activity could be a promising on-farm strategy to control Salmonella infection in *** objectives of this study were to:1)evaluate the *** activity of ANE(containing 46.6%fucoidan,18.6%laminarin,10.7%mannitol,4.6%alginate)in vitro,and;2)compare the effects of dietary supplementation with ANE and Zinc oxide(ZnO)on growth performance,Salmonella shedding and selected gut parameters in naturally infected *** was established post-weaning(newly weaned pig experiment)and following regrouping of post-weaned pigs and experimental re-infection with ***(challenge experiment).results:In the in vitro assay,increasing ANE concentrations led to a linear reduction in *** counts(Priment(12 replicates/treatment),high ANE supplementation increased gain to feed ratio,similar to ZnO supplementation,and reduced faecal Salmonella counts on d 21 compared to the low ANE and control groups(Priment included thirty-six pigs from the previous experiment that remained on their original dietary treatments(control and high ANE groups with the latter being renamed to ANE group)apart from the ZnO group which transitioned onto a control diet on d 21(ZnO-residual group).These dietary treatments had no effect on performance,faecal scores,Salmonella shedding or colonic and caecal Salmonella counts(P>0.05).ANE supplementation decreased the Enterobacteriaceae counts compared to the *** counts were also reduced in the ZnO-residual group compared to the control(Preased the expression of interleukin 22 and transforming growth factor beta 1 in the ileum compared to the control(Probiota,Salmonella sh

关键词： Ascophyllum nodosum Gastrointestinal microbiota Inflammation Pig Salmonella Seaweed extract Zinc oxide

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Cepstral and linear prediction techniques for improving intelligibility and audibility of impaired speech

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2010年第1期3卷 85-94页

作者： G. ravindran S. Shenbagadevi v. Salai Selvam 不详

Human speech becomes impaired i.e., unintelligible due to a variety of reasons that can be either neurological or anatomical. The objective of the research was to improve the intelligibility and audibility of the impaired speech that resulted from a disabled human speech mechanism with impairment in the acoustic system-the supra-laryngeal vocal tract. For this purpose three methods are presented in this paper. Method 1 was to develop an inverse model of the speech degradation using the Cepstral technique. Method 2 was to replace the degraded vocal tract response by a normal vocal tract response using the Cepstral technique. Method 3 was to replace the degraded vocal tract response by a normal vocal tract response using the Linear Prediction technique.

关键词： Impaired Speech Speech Disability Cepstrum LPC vocal Tract