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Numerical investigation of spallation neutrons generated from petawatt-scale laser-driven proton beams

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第2期7卷 8-17页

作者： B.Martinez S.N.chen S.Bolaños N.Blanchot G.Boutoux W.Cayzac C.Courtois X.Davoine A.Duval v.Horny I.Lantuejoul L.Le Deroff P.E.Masson-Laborde G.Sary B.vauzour R.Smets L.Gremillet J.Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEAUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest-MagureleRomania CEA DAMCESTAF-33114 Le BarpFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance LPP Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSEcole PolytechniqueF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance

Laser-driven neutron sources could offer a promising alternative to those based on conventional accelerator technologies in delivering compact beams of high brightness and short *** examine this through particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulations that model,respectively,the laser acceleration of protons from thin-foil targets and their subsequent conversion into neutrons in secondary lead *** parameters relevant to the 0.5 PW LMJ-PETAL and 0.6–6 PW Apollon systems are *** to its high intensity,the 20-fs-duration 0.6 PW Apollon laser is expected to accelerate protons up to above 100Mev,thereby unlocking efficient neutron generation via spallation *** a result,despite a 30-fold lower pulse energy than the LMJ-PETAL laser,the 0.6 PW Apollon laser should perform comparably well both in terms of neutron yield and ***,we predict that very compact neutron pulses,of∼10 ps duration and∼100μm spot size,can be released provided the lead convertor target is thin enough(∼100μm).These sources are characterized by extreme fluxes,of the order of 10^(23) n cm^(−2) s^(−1),and even ten times higher when using the 6 PW Apollon *** values surpass those currently achievable at large-scale accelerator-based neutron sources(∼10^(16) n cm^(−2) s^(−1)),or reported from previous laser experiments using low-Z converters(∼10^(18) n cm^(−2) s^(−1)).By showing that such laser systems can produce neutron pulses significantly brighter than existing sources,our findings open a path toward attractive novel applications,such as flash neutron radiography and laboratory studies of heavy-ion nucleosynthesis.

关键词： thereby attractive extreme

考虑高频分量影响时的材料与焊接接头疲劳寿命估算

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机械强度 1990年第1期12卷 70-74,80页

作者： v.L.Trufiakov v.S.Kovalchuk 赵少汴

本文提供了一种确定双周载荷下材料和焊接接头疲劳裂纹起始寿命的方法与分析表达式,以及由单周载荷的相应数锯确定双周载荷的应力强度园子与裂纹扩展速率的方法.

关键词：高频分量材料焊接接头疲劳寿命

Endoscopic ultrasonography guided celiac plexus neurolysis and celiac plexus block in the management of pain due to pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第26期13卷 3575-3580页

作者： Anthony J Michaels Peter v Draganov University of Florida Department of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionUnited States

Pain is a common symptom of pancreatic disease and is frequently difficult to manage. Pain relief provided by narcotics is often suboptimal and is associated with significant side effects. An alternative approach to pain management in pancreatic disease is the use of celiac plexus block (CPB) or neurolysis (CPN). Originally performed by anesthesiologists and radiologists via a posterior approach,recent advances in endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) have made this technique an attractive alternative. EUS guided celiac plexus block/ neurolysis is simple to perform and avoids serious complications such as paraplegia or pneumothorax that are associated with the posterior approach. EUS guided CPN should be considered first line therapy in patients with pain due to pancreatic cancer. It provides superior pain control compared to traditional management with narcotics. A trend for improved survival in pancreatic cancer patients treated with CPN has been reported,but larger studies are needed to confirm this finding. At this time,the use of EUS guided CPB cannot be recommended as routine therapy for pain in chronic pancreatitis since only one-half of the patients experience pain reduction and the beneficial effect tends to be short lived. EUS guided CPB and CPN should be used as part of a multidisciplinary team approach for pain management.

关键词：神经松解术腹腔疾病内窥镜治疗方法

Intraductal biliary and pancreatic endoscopy: An expanding scope of possibility

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第20期14卷 3129-3136页

作者： Joel R Judah Peter v Draganov Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition University of Florida Gainesville

Intraductal endoscopy describes the use of an endoscope to directly visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts. For many years, technological challenges have made performing these procedures difficult. The "mother-baby" system and other various miniscopes have been developed, but routine use has been hampered due to complex setup, scope fragility and the time consuming, technically demanding nature of the procedure. Recently, the SpyGlass peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy system has shown early success at providing diagnostic information and therapeutic options. The clinical utility of intraductal endoscopy is broad. It allows better differentiation between benign and malignant processes by allowing direct visualization and targeted sampling of tissue. Therapeutic interventions, such as electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL), laser lithotripsy, photodynamic therapy, and argon plasma coagulation (APC), may also be performed as part of intraductal endoscopy. Intraductal endoscopy significantly increases the diagnostic and therapeutic yield of standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP), and as technology progresses, it is likely that its utilization will only increase. In this review of intraductal endoscopy, we describe in detail the various endoscopic platforms and their diagnostic and clinical applications.

关键词：胆管内窥镜胰管镜检查方法

Molecular dynamics modeling framework for overcoming nanoshape retention limits of imprint lithography

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 370-379页

作者： Anshuman cherala S.v.Sreenivasan NASCENT Center MERB 1.206EPickle Research CampusUniversity of Texas10100 Burnet RoadAustinTX 78758USA

Complex nanoshaped structures(nanoshape structures here are defined as shapes enabled by sharp corners with radius of curvature<5 nm)have been shown to enable emerging nanoscale applications in energy,electronics,opti... 详细信息

Complex nanoshaped structures(nanoshape structures here are defined as shapes enabled by sharp corners with radius of curvatureve been shown to enable emerging nanoscale applications in energy,electronics,optics,and *** nanoshaped fabrication at high throughput is well beyond the capabilities of advanced optical *** the highest-resolution e-beam processes(Gaussian beam tools with non-chemically amplified resists)can achievevailable at very low ***-area e-beam processes,needed for photomasks and imprint templates,are limited to~18 nm half-pitch lines and spaces and~20 nm half-pitch hole *** nanoimprint lithography,we have previously demonstrated the ability to fabricate precise diamond-like nanoshapes with~3 nm radius corners over large *** exemplary shaped silicon nanowire ultracapacitor device was fabricated with these nanoshaped structures,wherein the half-pitch was 100 *** device significantly exceeded standard nanowire capacitor performance(by 90%)due to relative increase in surface area per unit projected area,enabled by the *** beyond the previous work,in this paper we explore the scaling of these nanoshaped structures to 10 nm half-pitch and *** these scales a new“shape retention”resolution limit is observed due to polymer relaxation in imprint resists,which cannot be predicted with a linear elastic continuum *** all-atom molecular dynamics model of the nanoshape structure was developed here to study this shape retention phenomenon and accurately predict the polymer *** atomistic framework is an essential modeling and design tool to extend the capability of imprint lithography to sub-10 nm *** framework has been used here to propose process refinements that maximize shape retention,and design template assist features(design for nanoshape retention)to achieve targeted nanoshapes.

关键词： shape shaped corners

Pancreatic fistula after pancreatectomy:Evolving definitions,preventive strategies and modern management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第38期14卷 5789-5796页

作者： Shailesh v Shrikhande Melroy A D'Souza Department of GI and HPB Surgical Oncology Tata Memorial HospitalMumbai 400-012 India

Pancreatic resection is the treatment of choice for pancreatic malignancy and certain benign pancreatic disorders. However, pancreatic resection is technically a demanding procedure and whereas mortality after a pancreaticoduodenectomy is currently volume centers, post-operative morbidity is considerable, about 30%-50%. At present, the single most significant cause of morbidity and mortality after pancreatectomy is the development of pancreatic leakage and fistula (PF). The occurrence of a PF increases the length of hospital stay and the cost of treatment, requires additional investigations and procedures, and can result in life-threatening complications. There is no universally accepted definition of PF that would allow standardized reporting and proper comparison of outcomes between different centers. However, early recognition of a PF and prompt institution of appropriate treatment is critical to the prevention of potentially devastating consequences. The present article, reviews the evolution of post resection pancreatic fistula as a concept, and discusses evolving definitions, the current preventive strategies and the management of this problem.

关键词：胰切除术胰腺瘘并发症胰腺吻合术

Photovoltaic and photoelectric response of Sn_(2)P_(2)S_(6) ferroelectric films

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2019年第1期9卷 22-26页

作者： A.v.Solnyshkin I.L.Kislovay A.N.Belov v.I.Shevyakov D.A.Kiselev I.P.Raevski D.N.Sandjiev S.I.Raevskaya ational Research University of Electronic Technology Zelenograd Moscow 124498Russia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Tver State University Tver 170100Russia National University of Science and Technology“MISiS” Moscow 119049Russia Research Institute of Physics Southern Federal University Rostov-on-DonRussia

In the present work,the comparative study of the electric response of Sn_(2)P_(2)S_(6) films to the visible light action was carried out without and under external electric *** light flux modulated by a chopper induces the integral response comprising time-dependent photoelectric and photovoltaic *** was shown that spontaneous polarization influences the electric response characteristics.

关键词： Photovoltaic response photoelectric properties ferroelectric film

Flow models of business processes

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Flow models of business processes

作者： A.A.Naumov v.v.Shabunko Novosibirsk State Technical University(NSTU) 630092 NovosibirskK.Marks20Russia

The portfolio of business processes is an integrated system that consists of business-processes with different *** research of unconditioned business processes has been carrying *** term"unconditioned"means that portfolio being formed and researched consists of business processes related to insurance,crediting,publishing,science and other kinds of *** that way portfolio of business processes can be formed on the basis of a set of business processes with different nature.

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混合菌固定化及其对土壤中芘和苯并芘的降解

辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版） 2007年第3期26卷 461-463页

作者：苏丹李培军王鑫 v.A.verkhozina 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳大学沈阳环境工程重点实验室辽宁沈阳110044 俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院伊尔库茨克市俄罗斯664033

从石油污染土壤中筛选出1株细菌(Bacillus sp.)和1株真菌(Mucor sp.),以12种不同材料为载体对混合菌进行固定化,研究了固定化混合菌的降解特性.结果表明,采用吸附法能有效实现混合菌在改性后蛭石上的固定化.制得的固定化混合菌,传质性能... 详细信息

从石油污染土壤中筛选出1株细菌(Bacillus sp.)和1株真菌(Mucor sp.),以12种不同材料为载体对混合菌进行固定化,研究了固定化混合菌的降解特性.结果表明,采用吸附法能有效实现混合菌在改性后蛭石上的固定化.制得的固定化混合菌,传质性能好,对芘(Pyr)和苯并芘(BaP)的降解率42 d分别可达94.96%和74.96%,明显高于游离菌对Pyr和BaP的降解率60.49%和50.09%.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了固定化混合菌微观结构。

关键词：固定化降解芘苯并芘土壤污染蛭石