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Robust and low-cost interrogation technique for integrated photonic biochemical sensors based on Mach–Zehnder interferometers

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Photonics Research 2016年第2期4卷 57-60页

作者： v.Toccafondo C.j.Oton Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna

We describe and experimentally demonstrate a measuring technique for Mach–Zehnder interferometer(MZI)based integrated photonic biochemical sensors. Our technique is based on the direct measurement of phase changes between the arms of the MZI, achieved by signal modulation on one of the arms of the interferometer together with pseudoheterodyne detection, and it allows us to avoid the use of costly equipment such as tunable light sources or spectrum analyzers. The obtained output signal is intrinsically independent of wavelength, power variations, and global thermal variations, making it extremely robust and adequate for use in real conditions. Using a silicon-on-insulator MZI, we demonstrate the real-time monitoring of refractive index variations and achieve a detection limit of 4.1 × 10^(-6)refractive index units(RIU).

关键词： Robust and low-cost interrogation technique for integrated photonic biochemical sensors based on Mach Zehnder interferometers

MODELING THE KNOWLEDGE CREATION PROCESS OF GRADUATE RESEARCH

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journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2018年第6期27卷 790-809页

作者： j. Sun j. Tian v.N. Huynh Y. Nakamori School of Knowledge Science Japan Advanced lnstitute of Science and Technology lshikawa Japan School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China

Graduate students who are beginning academic research want to learn how to create and verify new knowledge in their research. Their supervisors, on the other hand, are seeking appropriate research environments including effective research guidance methods. In order to meet these demands, this paper proposes a knowledge creation model that supports the objectives of both graduate students and their supervisors. This is an academic knowledge creation model for individuals supported by a group and its origin can be traced back to a famous organizational knowledge creation model. Since this type of model is constructed from empirical knowledge, it is not easy to prove its objective significance. But, this paper tries to show the effectiveness of the proposed model as an initial stage of model validation based on a questionnaire survey of students in a graduate school in China.

关键词： Knowledge creation model graduate students research ability research environment

Management strategies for aflatoxin risk mitigation in maize,dairy feeds and milk value chains-case study Kenya

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Food Quality and Safety 2021年第2期5卷 111-121页

作者： vesa v.joutsjoki Hannu j.Korhonen Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) HelsinkiFinland

Widespread aflatoxin contamination of a great number of food and feed crops has important implications on global trade and health. Frequent occurrence of aflatoxin in maize and milk poses serious health risks to consumers because these commodities are staple foods in many African countries. This situation calls for development and implementation of rigorous aflatoxin control measures that encompass all value chains, focusing on farms where food and feed-based commodities prone to aflatoxin contamination are cultivated. Good agricultural practices (GAP) have proven to be an effective technology in mitigation and management of the aflatoxin risk under farm *** prevailing global climate change is shown to increase aflatoxin risk in tropical and subtropical ***, there is an urgent need to devise and apply novel methods to complement GAP and mitigate aflatoxin contamination in the feed, maize and milk value chains. Also, creation of awareness on aflatoxin management through training of farmers and other stakeholders and enforcement of regular surveillance of aflatoxin in food and feed chains are recommended strategies. This literature review addresses the current situation of aflatoxin occurrence in maize, dairy feeds and milk produced and traded in Kenya and current technologies applied to aflatoxin management at the farm level. Finally, a case study in Kenya on successful application of GAP for mitigation of aflatoxin risk at small-scale farms will be reviewed.

关键词： Aflatoxins contamination maize milk feed management strategies

Direct strain evaluation method for laboratory-based pillar performance

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第4期11卷 860-866页

作者： K.v.jessu A.j.S.Spearing WA School of Mines Curtin University

Pillar stability is one of important aspects for underground ***,the stability of the pillars is evaluated empirically based on case studies and site-specific rock mass conditions in *** the empirical approach applicability can sometimes be *** numerical-based approaches are potentially more useful as parametric studies can be undertaken and,if calibrated,can be more *** empirical and numerical approaches are dependent on the strength evaluation of the pillars while the strain developing in the pillars is seldom taken into *** this paper,gypsum and sandstone samples were tested in laboratory with different width-to-height ratios (W/H) to adapt the strain evaluation method to the laboratory-based pillars.A correlation was then developed between the strain and the width-to-height ratio for pillar monitoring *** on the results,a flowchart was created to conduct back analysis for the existing pillars to evaluate their stability and design new pillars,considering the strain analysis of the existing pillars with the W/H ratios modelled.

关键词： Failure strain Critical strain Pillars Width-to-height ratio Stability

Role of Helicobacter pylorieradication in aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第25期11卷 3811-3816页

作者： George v. Papatheodoridis Athanasios j. Archimandritis Second Academic Department of Internal Medicine

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including aspirin at any dosage and formulation represent well-established risk factors for the development of uncomplicated and complicated peptic ulcer disease accounting for the majority of such cases. Although the interaction between H pylori and NSAID/aspirin use in the same individuals was questioned in some epidemiological studies, it has now become widely accepted that they are at least independent risk factors for peptic ulcer disease. According to data from randomized intervention trials, naive NSAID users certainly benefit from testing for H pylori infection and, if positive,H pylori eradication therapy prior to the initiation of NSAID. A similar strategy is also suggested for naive aspirin users, although the efficacy of such an approach has not been evaluated yet. Strong data also support that chronic aspirin users with a recent ulcer complication should be tested for H pyloriinfection and, if positive, receive H pylori eradication therapy after ulcer healing, while they appear to benefit from additional long-term therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI).A similar approach is often recommended to chronic aspirin users at a high risk of ulcer complication. H pylori eradication alone does not efficiently protect chronic NSAID users with a recent ulcer complication or those at a high-risk, who certainly should be treated with long-term PPI therapy, but H pylori eradication may be additionally offered even in this setting. In contrast, testing for H pylorior PPI therapy is not recommended for chronic NSAID/aspirin users with no ulcer complications or those at a low risk of complications.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Aspirin

Atrial fibrillation in the elderly: the potential contribution of reactive oxygen species

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journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2012年第4期9卷 379-388页

作者： Kurt j. Schillinger vickas v. Patel Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia, and is a significant source of healthcare expenditures throughout the world. It is an arrhythmia with a very clearly defined predisposition for individuals of advanced age, and this fact has led to intense study of the mechanistic links between aging and AF. By promoting oxidative damage tomultiple subcellular and cellular structures, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to induce the intra- and extra-cellular changes necessary to promote the pathogenesis of *** addition, the generation and accumulation of ROS have been intimately linked to the cellular processeswhich underlie aging. This review begins with an overview of AF pathophysiology, and introduces the critical structures which, when damaged, predispose an otherwise healthy atrium toAF. The available evidence thatROS can lead to damage of these critical structures is then reviewed. Finally, the evidence linking the process of aging to the pathogenesis of AF is discussed.

关键词： Aging Arrhythmia Atrial fibrillation Cardiac Free radicals Oxidative stress Redox

Evolutionary diversity as a catalyst for biological discovery

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 616-633页

作者： Zachary v.jOHNSON Larry j.YOUNG School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Center for Translational Social Neuroscience Silvio O.Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social CognitionDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesYerkes National Primate Research CenterEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

The tremendous diversity of animal behaviors has inspired generations of scientists from an array of biological *** complement investigations of ecological and evolutionary factors contributing to behavioral evolution,modern sequencing,gene editing,computational and neuroscience tools now provide a means to discover the proximate mechanisms upon which natural selection acts to generate behavioral *** behaviors are motivated behaviors that can differ tremendously between closely related species,suggesting phylogenetic plasticity in their underlying biological *** addition,convergent evolution has repeatedly given rise to similar forms of social behavior and mating systems in distantly related *** behavioral divergence and convergence provides an entry point for understanding the neurogenetic mechanisms contributing to behavioral *** argue that the greatest strides in discovering mechanisms contributing to social behavioral diversity will be achieved through integration of interdisciplinary comparative approaches with modern tools in diverse species *** review recent advances and future potential for discovering mechanisms underlying social behavioral variation;highlighting patterns of social behavioral evolution,oxytocin and vasopressin neuropeptide systems,genetic/transcriptional“toolkits,”modern experimental tools,and alternative species systems,with particular emphasis on Microtine rodents and Lake Malawi cichlid fishes.

关键词： cichlids oxytocin and vasopressin social behavior toolkits voles

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2002年第2期23卷 293-310页

作者： j.L.vZQUEZ E.ZUAZUA Departamento de Matematicas Universidad AutonomaDepartamento de Matematica AplicadaUniversidadComplutense 28049MadridSpain28040 M

The authors study the asymptotic behaviour of solutions of the heat equation and a number of evolution equations using scaling techniques. It is proved that in the framework of bounded data stabilization need not occur and the general asymptotic behaviour is complex. This behaviour reflects for large times, even on compact sets, the complexity of the initial data at infinity.

关键词： Asymptotic behaviour Scaling Omega-limit Heat equation Hyperbolic conservation laws

miniSCIDOM: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino M.Reimold E.Beyreuther F.-E.Brack F.Kroll j.Pawelke j.D.Schilz M.Schneider U.Schramm M.E.P.Umlandt K.Zeil T.Ziegler j.Metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample *** rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based miniSCIDOM detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate