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Effect of process parameters of pulsed current tungsten inert gas welding on weld pool geometry of titanium welds

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2010年第4期23卷 312-320页

作者： M.balasubramanian v.Jayabalan v.balasubramanian Department of Mechanical Engineering Velammal Engineering CollegeSurapetAnna University Department of Manufacturing Engineering Anna University Centre for Materials Joining & Research Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai University

The effects of pulsing current parameters on weld pool geometry namely front height, back height, front width and back width of pulse current gas tungsten arc welded （GTAW） titanium alloy was analysed. Four factors, five levels, central composite design were used to develop empirical relationships, incorporating pulsed current parameters and weld pool geometry.

关键词： Gas tungsten arc welding Pulsed current Titanium alloy Design of experiments

Process parameters optimization for friction stir welding of RDE-40 aluminium alloy using Taguchi technique

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第3期18卷 548-554页

作者： A.K.LAKSHMINARAYANAN v.balasubramanian Centre for Materials Joining Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar608002 Tamil Nadu India

Taguchi approach was applied to determine the most influential control factors which will yield better tensile strength of the joints of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy. In order to evaluate the effect of process parameters such as tool rotational speed, traverse speed and axial force on tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy, Taguchi parametric design and optimization approach was used. Through the Taguchi parametric design approach, the optimum levels of process parameters were determined. The results indicate that the rotational speed, welding speed and axial force are the significant parameters in deciding the tensile strength of the joint. The predicted optimal value of tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy is 303 MPa. The results were confirmed by further experiments.

关键词：铝合金摩擦焊接抗张强度加工处理

Process Parameter Optimization of the Pulsed Current Argon Tungsten Arc Welding of Titanium Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第3期24卷 423-426页

作者： M.balasubramanian v.Jayabalan v.balasubramanian Department of Mechanical Engineering Maamallan Institute of Technology Department of Manufacturing-Engineering Anna University Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

The selection of process parameters for obtaining optimal tensile properties in the pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding is presented. The tensile properties include ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and notch tensile strength. All these characteristics are considered together in the selection of process parameters by modified taguchi method to analyse the effect of each welding process parameter on tensile properties. Experimental results are furnished to illustrate the approach.

关键词： Pulsing current Modified taguchi method Tensile properties

Effect of Process Parameters on Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Welded Cast LM6 Aluminium Alloy Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第5期25卷 655-664页

作者： M.Jayaraman R.Sivasubramanian v.balasubramanian Department of Mechatronics Engineering Kongu Engineering CollegeErodeTamil NaduIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Coimbatore Institute of TechnologyCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Centre for Materials Joining&Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalainagarTamil NaduIndia

This paper reports the effect of friction stir welding （FSW） process parameters on tensile strength of cast LM6 aluminium alloy. Joints were made by using different combinations of tool rotation speed, welding speed and axial force each at four levels. The quality of weld zone was investigated using macrostructure and microstructure analysis. Tensile strength of the joints were evaluated and correlated with the weld zone hardness and microstructure. The joint fabricated using a rotational speed of 900 r/min, a welding speed of 75 mm/min and an axial force of 3 kN showed superior tensile strength compared with other joints. The tensile strength and microhardness of the welded joints for the optimum conditions were 166 MPa and 64.8 Hv respectively.

关键词： LM6 aluminium alloy Friction stir welding Tool rotation speed Welding speed Axial force Tensile strength

Establishing empirical relationships to predict grain size and tensile strength of friction stir welded AA 6061-T6 aluminium alloy joints

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第10期20卷 1863-1872页

作者： S.RAJAKUMAR C.MURALIDHA RAN v.balasubramanian Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

AA 6061-T6 aluminium alloy(Al-Mg-Si alloy) has gathered wide acceptance in the fabrication of light weight structures requiring a high specific strength and good corrosion *** with the fusion welding processes that are routinely used for joining structural aluminium alloys,friction stir welding(FSW) process is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material welded does not melt and *** strength is influenced by the grain size and tensile strength of the weld nugget ***,an attempt was made to develop empirical relationships to predict grain size and tensile strength of friction stir welded AA 6061-T6 aluminium alloy *** empirical relationships are developed by response surface methodology(RSM) incorporating FSW tool and process parameters.A linear regression relationship was also established between grain size and tensile strength of the weld nugget of FSW joints.

关键词： AA 6061-T6 alloy friction stir welding analysis of variance regression analysis grain size tensile strength

Optimizing pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding parameters of AA6061 aluminium alloy using Hooke and Jeeves algorithm

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第5期18卷 1028-1036页

作者： S.BABU T.SENTHIL KUMAR v.balasubramanian Centre for Materials Joining Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar-608 002Tamil NaduIndia Department of Automobile Technology Bharathidasan Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityTiruchirappalli-620 016Tamil NaduIndia

Though the preferred welding process to weld aluminium alloy is frequently constant current gas tungsten arc welding (CCGTAW),it resulted in grain coarsening at the fusion zone and heat affected zone(HAZ).Hence,pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding(PCGTAW) was performed,to yield finer fusion zone grains,which leads to higher strength of AA6061 (Al-Mg-Si) aluminium alloy *** order to determine the most influential control factors which will yield minimum fusion zone grain size and maximum tensile strength of the joints,the traditional Hooke and Jeeves pattern search method was *** experiments were carried out based on central composite design with 31 runs and an algorithm was developed to optimize the fusion zone grain size and the tensile strength of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welded AA6061 aluminium alloy *** results indicate that the peak current (Ip) and base current (IB) are the most significant parameters,to decide the fusion zone grain size and the tensile strength of the AA6061 aluminum alloy joints.

关键词：脉冲电流钨电极惰性气体保护焊铝合金颗粒尺寸

Cold Cracking of Flux Cored Arc Welded Armour Grade High Strength Steel Weldments

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第4期25卷 516-526页

作者： G.Magudeeswaran v.balasubramanian G.Madhusudhan Reddy Metal Joining Research Center(MJRC) Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Centre for Materials Joining & Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai University Metal Joining Section Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory(DMRL)

In this investigation, an attempt has been made to study the influence of welding consumables on the factors that influence cold cracking of armour grade quenched and tempered （Q＆.T） steel welds. Flux cored arc welding （FCAW） process were used making welds using austenitic stainless steel （ASS） and low hydrogen ferritic steel （LHF） consumables. The diffusible hydrogen levels in the weld metal of the ASS and LHF consumables were determined by mercury method. Residual stresses were evaluated using X-ray stress analyzer and implant test was carried out to study the cold cracking of the welds. Results indicate that ASS welds offer a greater resistance to cold cracking of armour grade Q＆T steel welds.

关键词： Quenched and tempered steel Flux cored arc welding process Weld cold cracking Implant testing

Effect of Notch Location on Fatigue Life Prediction of Strength Mismatched HSLA Steel Weldments

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2004年第2期20卷 129-135页

作者： S.Ravi v.balasubramanian S.Nemat Nasser Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalainagar-608 002. Tamil Nadu IndiaDepartment of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalainagar-608 002. Tamil Nadu IndiaCentre of Excellence for Advanced Materials University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0416 USA

Welding of high strength low alloy steels (HSLA) involves usage of low, even and high strength filler materials (electrodes) than the parent material depending on the application of the welded structures and the availability of the filler material. In the present investigation, the fatigue crack growth behaviour of weld metal (WM) and heat affected zone (HAZ) regions of under matched (UM), equal matched (EM) and over matched (OM) joints has been studied. The base material used in this investigation is HSLA-80 steel of weldable grade. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process has been used to fabricate the butt joints. Centre cracked tension (CCT) specimen has been used to evaluate the fatigue crack growth behaviour of the welded joints. Fatigue crack growth experiments have been conducted using servo hydraulic controlled fatigue testing machine at constant amplitude loading (R=0).A method has been proposed to predict the fatigue life of HSLA steel welds using fracture mechanics approach by incorporating influences of mismatch ratio (MMR) and notch location.

关键词： Shielded metal arc welding High strength low alloy steel Mismatch ratio Notch location Fatigue crack growth Fatigue life

Evaluation of Zero and Sub-zero Temperature Tensile and Impact Properties of Quenched and Tempered Steel Weldments

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第11期23卷 1177-1187页

作者： M.BALAKRISHNAN v.balasubramanian M.A.MUTHU MANICKAM Department of Mechanical Engineering M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering(Autonomous)ThalavapalayamKarur 639113Tamil NaduIndia Center for Materials Joining&Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalainagar 608002Tamil NaduIndia Combat vehicles Research and Development Establishment(CvRDE) AvadiChennai 600054Tamil NaduIndia

Combat vehicles using armour grade quenched and tempered （Q＆T） steel are needed to be operated under different climatic conditions. However, the properties meeting the room temperature test conditions may not neces-sarily be required to meet the low temperature operating conditions. The influences of shielded metal arc welding （SMAW） process, flux cored arc welding （FCAW） processes and test temperatures below room temperature up to 60℃ on tensile and impact toughness properties of armour grade Q＆T steel welds were reported. The tensile and impact properties of the joints showed incremental trend with respect to the decrement in test temperature up to -40℃ irrespective of the welding processes used. The increment in tensile and impact properties of SMAW and FCAW joints subjected to the low temperature environment is due to plastic strain-induced phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite phase. Among the two processes, SMAW process welded joint showed better tensile and impact properties than its FCAW counterpart joints.

关键词： shielded metal arc welding flux cored arc welding low temperature property microstrncture: hardness