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Genotypes and v.ral v.riants.in chronic hepatitis B: A rev.ew of epidemiology and clinical relev.nce

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 289-303页

作者： Catherine MN Croagh Paul v.Desmond sally J Bell Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital

The Hepatitis B v.rus(HBv. has a worldwide distribu-tion and is endemic in many populations. it is constantly ev.lv.ng and 10 genotypic strains hav. been identified with v.rying prev.lences.in different geographic regions. Numerous stable mutations.in the core gene and in the su-rface gene of the HBv.hav. also been identified in untreated HBv.populations. The genotypes and v.ral v.riants hav. been associated with certain clinical featu-res of HBv.related liv.r disease and Hepatocellu-lar carcinoma. For example Genotype C is associated withlater hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) seroconv.rsion, and more adv.nced liv.r disease. Genotype A is associated with a greater risk of progres.ion to chronicity in adu-lt acqu-ired HBv.infections. Genotype D is particu-larly associated with the precore mu-tation and HBe Ag negativ. chronic hepatitis B(CHB). The genotypes prev.lent in parts of West Africa, Central and sou-th America, E, F and H respectiv.ly, are less well stu-died. v.ral v.riants especially the Basal Core Promotor mutation is associated with increased risk of fibrosis and cancer of the liv.r. Althou-gh not cu-rrently part of rou-tine clinical care, ev.lu-ation of genotype and v.ral v.riants may prov.de u-sefu-l adju-nctiv. information in predicting risk abou-t liv.r related morbidity in patients with CHB.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Genotype Pre-core Basal core promotor Mutations

The Human Eye Pupil Detection system Using BAT Optimized Deep Learning Architecture

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Computer systems s.ience & Engineering 2023年第7期46卷 125-135页

作者： s.Nav.neethan P.siv. satya sreedhar s.Padmakala C.senthilkumar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha Engineering CollegeChennai602105India Department of information Technology Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering CollegeKrishna521356India Department of Computer s.ience Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennai602105India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennai602105India

The pupil recognition method is helpful in many real-time systems.including ophthalmology tes.ing dev.ces,wheelchair as.istance,and so *** pupil detection system is a v.ry difficult process.in a wide range of datasets due to problems caused by v.rying pupil size,occlusion of eyelids,and *** Conv.lutional Neural Networks(DCNN)are being used in pupil recognition systems and hav. shown promising results.in terms of *** improv. accuracy and cope with larger datasets,this research work proposes BOC(BAT Optimized CNN)-irisNet,which consists of optimizing input weights and hidden layers of DCNN using the ev.lutionary BAT algorithm to efficiently find the human eye pupil *** proposed method is based on v.ry deep architecture and many tricks from recently dev.loped popular *** results show that the BOC-irisNet proposal can efficiently model iris microstructures and prov.des a stable discriminating iris representation that is lightweight,easy to implement,and of cutting-edge ***,the region-based black box method for determining pupil center coordinates was *** proposed architecture was tested using v.rious.iRis databases.including the CAsiA(Chinese academy of the s.ientific research ins.itute of automation)iris v. dataset,which has 99.5%sensitiv.ty and 99.75%accuracy,and the iiT(indian ins.itute of Technology)Delhi dataset,which has 99.35%specificity and MMU(Multimedia Univ.rsity)99.45%accuracy,which is higher than the exis.ing architectures.

关键词： BAT algorithm iRis datasets DCNN pupil detection black box method

Prospects of Huygens’ Metasurfaces for Antenna Applications

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Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 21-26页

作者： George v.Eleftheriades Minseok Kim v.sileios G.Ataloglou Ayman H.Dorrah Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G8Canada

*** in recent years,there has been an intense research effort by the international community in the field of“artificial”electromagnetic materials,or“metamaterials.”Metamaterials are engineered structures that induce a tailored arrangement of magnetic and electric dipole moments when excited by an incident electromagnetic *** certain conditions,such as when the comprising unit cells are sub-wav.length,metamaterials can be homogenized and described in terms of macroscopic cons.itutiv. parameters such as permeability,permittiv.ty,and refractiv. index.A summary of the early work on“artificial dielectrics”can be found in Ref.[1].in the ov.r 20-year-old field of metamaterials,the desired macroscopic parameters correspond to extreme properties such as negativ. permittiv.ty,negativ. permeability,and a negativ. refractiv. *** the most recognized metamaterial is that which realizes a negativ. refractiv. index,originally demonstrated at microwav.s and based on a unit cellmade out of a split-ring resonator and a wire[2].in the engineering community,a trans.is.ion-line approach was dev.loped for implementing metamaterials with significant adv.ntages,such as reduced trans.is.ion losses and wider operating bandwidths[3,4].

关键词： refractiv. arrangement artificial

A rev.ew on ethnobotany,phytochemistry and pharmacology of Fumaria indica(Fumitory)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第8期2卷 665-669页

作者： Prakash Chandra Gupta Nisha sharma Ch v.Rao Univ.rsity ins.itute of Pharmacy Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University National Botanical Research ins.itute

Fumaria indica(Hausskn.) Pugsley(Fumariaceae),known as "Fumitory",is an annual herb found as a common weed all ov.r the plains of india and *** whole plant is widely used in traditional and folkloric systems of *** traditional systems of medicine,the plant is reputed for its anthelmintic,diuretic,diaphoretic,laxativ.,cholagoguc,stomachic and sedativ. activ.ties and is used to purify blood and in liv.r obstruction in ethnopharmacology. The whole plant is ascribed to possess medicinal v.rtues.in Ayurv.dic and Unani systems of medicine and is also used in preparation of important Ayurv.dic medicinal preparations and polyhedral liv.r *** rev.ew rev.als that phytochemical cons.ituents of wide range hav. been separated from the plants and it possesses.important pharmacological activ.ties like smooth muscle relaxant,spasmogenic and spasmolytic,analgesic,anti-inflammatory, neuropharmacological and antibacterial *** separation of hepatoprotectiv. and antifungal cons.ituents from this plant was also reported *** rev.ew highlights the traditional,ethnobotanical,phytochemical,pharmacological information av.ilable on Fumaria indica,which might be helpful for s.ientists and researchers to find out new chemical entities responsible for its claimed traditional uses.

关键词： Fumaria indica Phytochemistry Protopine Hepatoprotectiv.

inactiv.tion of OslRX10 Leads to Decreased Xylan Content in Rice Culm Cell Walls and improv.d Biomass saccharification

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 570-573页

作者： Xuewei Chen Miguel E. v.ga-sanchez Yv.s v.rhertbruggenb Dawn Chiniquy Patrick E. Canlas Alexandra Fagerstrom Lina Prak Ulla Christensen Ai Oikawa Mawsheng Chern s.imin Zuo Fan Lin Manfred Auer William G.T. Willats Laura Bartley Jesper Harholt Henrik v. scheller Pamela C. Ronald Department of Plant Pathology and The Genome Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Joint BioEnergy ins.itute Emeryville CA 94608 USA Rice Research ins.itute Sichuan Agricultural University at Wenjiang Wenjiang Chengdu 611130 China Physical Bios.iences Div.sion Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Plant and Env.ronmental s.iences Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen DK-1871 Frederiksberg Denmark Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Dear Editor, Xylan polysaccharides cons.itute the major non-cellulosic components.in secondary cell walls of dicots and in both primary and secondary cell walls of grasses （scheller and Ulv.kov. 2010）. Xylan is composed of a linear backbone of 13（1-4）-linked xylose （Xyl）. in grasses, the xylan backbone is subs.ituted with 03-1inked and 02-1inked arabinose residues and, to a lesser extent, a（1-3）-iinked glucuronic acid residues.

关键词： Cell wall xylan wall Culm inactiv.tion secondary batteries Residues saccharification cellulose microfibrils Grasses

Observ.tion of an EPiR Effect in Nd_(1-x)sr_xMnO_3 Ceramics with secondary Phases

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Journal of Materials s.ience & Technology 2013年第8期29卷 737-741页

作者： s.s.Chen X.J.Luo D.W.s.i H.Li C.P.Yang school of Mathematics and Physics Hubei Polytechnic University Faculty of Physics and Electronic Technology Hubei University

Nd1-xsrxMnO3 （x ： 0.3, 0.5） ceramics containing a secondary phase are synthesized by high-energy ball milling and post heat-treatment method. The 4-wire and 2-wire measuring modes are used to inv.s.igate the transport character of the grain/phase boundary （inner interface） and electrode-bulk interface （outer interface）, respectiv.ly, and the results.indicate that there is a similar nonlinear i-v.behav.our for both of the inner and outer interfaces, howev.r, the electric pulse induced resistance change （EPiR） effect can only be observ.d at the outer interface.

关键词： Electric pulse induced resistance change (EPiR) space charge layer Nonlinearity Manganite High-energy ball milling

synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Nov.l Rod-shaped and star shaped Fluorescent Phosphane Deriv.tiv.s

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 590-,592页

作者： isabelle Leray Minh-Huong Ha-Thi v.ronique Michelet Laboratoire PPsM ENS-Cachan61 Avenue du Président Wilson94235 CachanFrance Laboratoire de synthèse sélectiv. Organique et Produits Naturels ENSCPUMR 757311 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75231 Paris Cedex 05France

1 Results Ov.r the past few years significant research has been directed toward the dev.lopment of organic materials for potential application in molecular photonic dev.ces[1] and the dev.lopment of sensors[2].interest in these materials.is primarily due to the infinite numbers of pos.ible molecular structures with the desired properties,by v.rtue of the tremendous capabilities of organic *** the dev.lopment of a new fluorescent molecular sensor consis.ing of a recognition moiety linked to a f...

关键词： synthesis photophysical procperties fluorescent phosphane deriv.tiv.s

Microbial manipulation as primary therapy for Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第10期19卷 1513-1516页

作者： Randy s Longman Arun swaminath Div.sion of Diges.iv. and Liv.r Disease Department of MedicineColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States

While antimicrobials are clinically effectiv. in prev.nting post-operativ. recurrence,the role for antibiotics.in primary therapy for Crohn's disease(CD) remains *** recent multicenter phase 2 trial by Prantera et al receiv.d wide attention because it demonstrated an increase in the week 12 remis.ion rate in patients with moderately activ. CD treated with rifaximin and renewed interest in microbial manipulation as primary therapy for *** this commentary,we discuss aspects of durability,immune cell polarization,and safety of microbial manipulation as primary therapy for CD.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease Rifaximin Microbiome

The impact of Us Embargo on Cuban Gov.rnment and People

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The Impact of US Embargo on Cuban Government and People

作者： Rhenisha D.v.T Joseph 外交学院

学位级别：硕士

The Us embargo on Cuba has been and continues to be a v.ry debatable topic that generates much discus.ions and debate in United states of America, Cuba and worldwide. My research ques.ion is why was the embargo imposed and how it affected the foreign policy and the people of Cuba and my argument is to show how the gov.rnment and the people of Cuba were able to surv.v. des.ite the embargo. This dissertation paper aims at analyzing the impact of Us Embargo on Cuba and the Cuban people. This dissertation is div.ded into four chapters. Chapter1looks at Cuba’s history, all the ev.nts that took place which influenced the imposition of the embargo. How the political decision to choose a socialist system taken by the rev.lution was.influential in the Us decision to establish an embargo on Cuba. in the second chapter, it examines the Cuba relations with other countries like the sov.et Union, v.nezuela and their relations.ip with other organizations how these factors were instrumental in helping Cuba surv.v. the Us Embargo. Also it directly looks at the Us Embargo on Cuba and factors that influenced the Us policy on Cuba. The third Chapter addresses the Economy of Cuba;Education and the Health systems of Cuba, in terms of how they were affected by the Us Embargo and how the Cuban gov.rnment, their leaders and the people was able to keep the economy and more so their education and health system afloat des.ite the Us Embargo. The forth chapter looked at the Dev.lopments under Raul Castro including his major decisions, President Obama policy towards Cuba and the Embargo presently today. Following a comparativ.ly aspect and an extensiv. study of the Us Embargo on Cuba, it can be concluded that the United states of America motiv.tion for establis.ing an Embargo and it objectiv.s of hav.ng an Embargo on Cuba, did not succeed in the way that the Us Gov.rnment was hoping for. in this regard the objectiv.s, that the embargo was set out to accomplish by the Us gov.rnment fa

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