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Rigidity Symmetry Line for Thermodynamic Fluid Equations-of-State

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Journal of Modern physics 2024年第5期15卷 613-633页

作者： Leslie v. Woodcock Department of physics University of Algarve Faro Portugal

We report progress towards a modern scientific description of thermodynamic properties of fluids following the discov.ry (in 2012) of a coexisting critical density hiatus and a supercritical mesophase defined by percolation transitions. The state functions density ρ(p,T), and Gibbs energy G(p,T), of fluids, e.g. CO2, H2O and argon exhibit a symmetry characterised by the rigidity, ω = (dp/dρ)T, between gaseous and liquid states along any isotherm from critical (Tc) to Boyle (TB) temperatures, on either side of the supercritical mesophase. Here, using experimental data for fluid argon, we inv.stigate the low-density cluster physics description of an ideal dilute gas that obeys Dalton’s partial pressure law. Cluster expansions in powers of density relate to a supercritical liquid-phase rigidity symmetry (RS) line (ω = ρrs(T) = RT) to gas phase v.rial coefficients. We show that it is continuous in all deriv.tiv.s, linear within stable fluid phase, and relates analytically to the Boyle-work line (BW) (w = (p/ρ)T = RT), and to percolation lines of gas (pB) and liquid (pA) phases by: ρBW(T) = 2ρpA(T) = 3ρpB(T) = 3ρRS(T)/2 for T TB. These simple relationships arise, because the higher v.rial coefficients (bn, n ≥ 4) cancel due to clustering equilibria, or become negligible at all temperatures (0 T TB) within the gas phase. The Boyle-work line (p/ρBW)T is related exactly at lower densities as T → TB, and accurately for liquid densities, by ρBW(T) = −(b2/b3)T. The RS line, ω(T) = RT, defines a new liquid-density ground-state physical constant (ρRS(0) = (2/3)ρBW(0) for argon). Giv.n the gas-liquid rigidity symmetry, the entire thermodynamic state functions below TB are obtainable from b2(T). A BW

关键词： Liquid-State Theory Cluster physics percolation Lines Fluid Thermodynamics Boyle Line Rigidity-Symmetry Line

Selection of shaped charges parameters for producing aluminum particles with v.locities in the range of 2.5-16 km/s

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 126-135页

作者： v.adimir I.Kolpakov.Sergey v.Fedorov.Ekaterina p.v.nogradov. Irina A.Bolotina Bauman Moscow State Technical Univ.rsity Moscow 105005Russia

Testing rocket and space technology objects in ground conditions for resistance to the impact of meteoroids and fragments of space debris can be carried out using shaped charges. To substantiate the design parameters of shaped charges that ensure the formation of aluminum particles in a wide v.locity range(from 2.5 to 16 km/s), numerical modeling of the formation process was carried out within the framework of a two-dimensional axisymmetric problem of continuum mechanics using three different computing codes to increase the reliability of the results. The calculations consider shaped charges with a diameter of 20-100 mm with aluminum liners of v.rious shapes. It is shown that the formation of particles with v.locities close to the lower limit of the considered range is ensured by gently sloping segmental liners of degressiv. thickness. To form higher-v.locity particles with v.locities ov.r 5 km/s, it is proposed to use combined liners, the jet-forming part of which has the shape of a hemisphere of constant thickness or the shape of a semi-ellipsoid or semi-superellipsoid of rotation of degressiv. thickness.

关键词： Space debris Meteoric impact Explosion Shaped charge High-v.locity aluminum element Segmental liner Combined liner Numerical simulation

RBC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide deriv.d from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innov.tiv. Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.K.Maksimov.p.B.Ermolinskiy O.N.Scheglov.tov. N.N.Sklyankina A.v.Murav.ov.A.E.Lugov.sov.A.v.priezzhev Faculty of physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslav. State pedagogical Univ.rsity 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood v.scosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to inv.stigate in v.tro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced NO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that NO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only NO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observ.d,which improv.s our knowledge about the process of NO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,NO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,howev.r,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

Leading directions and effectiv. distance of larch offspring dispersal at the upper treeline in the Northern and polar Urals, Russia

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 603-617页

作者： p.A.Moiseev.v.L.Semerikov.T.v.Semerikov. D.S.Balakin I.B.v.robiev.S.O.v.uykhin Institute of plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesEkaterinburg620144Russia Center for Genetics and Life Science Sirius University of Science and Technology354340SochiRussia

Climate has changed sufficiently ov.r the last 150 years and forced out upper treeline adv.nce at the most studied sites around the *** rate of adv.nce has been extremely v.riable–from tens to hundreds meters in *** is because the degree at which tree frontal populations respond to climate change depends on the complex interaction of biological and physical *** resulting stand pattern is the consequence of the interaction between dispersal and surv.v.l functions.A few publications hav. addressed the question of how this pattern is *** order to understand how the spatial structure of tree stands was formed at the upper limit of their distribution in the Ural Mountains,we assessed the distance and direction of dispersal of offspring from maternal *** found that in frontal Larix sibirica ***,‘effectiv.’dispersal of offspring ranges from 3 to 758 m(with a median of 20–33 m in open forest and 219 m in single-tree tundra in the polar Urals and 107 m in open forest in the Northern Urals).We rev.aled that most of the offspring effectiv.ly dispersed not only in the direction of the prev.iling winds,but also in the opposite direction up the slope,and the distance can reach 500–760 *** data obtained can be used to dev.lop an indiv.dual-based model which is capable of simulating in detail the dynamics of tree stands at the upper limit of their growth and reliably predicting the future position and pattern of treeline ecotone as growth conditions continue to improv. in the face of observ.d climate change.

关键词： Effectiv. dispersal distance Upper treeline parentage analysis Age estimation Terrestrial laser scanning Larix sibirica Ural mountains

Indoor Formaldehyde Remov.l Techniques through paints: Rev.ew

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： prajyot Dhawale Rav.ndra v. Gadhav. Department of polymer and Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

Due to its ability to cause illnesses and discomfort ev.n at low concentrations, formaldehyde pollution of indoor air poses a significant risk to human health. Sources of formaldehyde in indoor env.ronments include textiles, paints, wallpapers, glues, adhesiv.s, v.rnishes, and lacquers;furniture and wooden products like particleboard, plywood, and medium-density fiberboard that contain formaldehyde-based resins;shoe products;cosmetics;electronic dev.ces;and other consumer goods like paper products and insecticides. According to the World Health Organisation, indoor formaldehyde concentrations shouldn’t exceed 0.1 mg/mp>3p>. The methods include membrane separation, plasma, photocatalytic decomposition, physisorption, chemisorption, biological and botanical filtration, and catalytic oxidation. Materials based on metal oxides and supported noble metals work as oxidation catalysts. Consequently, a paint that passiv.ly eliminates aldehydes from buildings can be dev.loped by adding absorbents and formaldehyde scav.ngers to the latex composition. It will be crucial to dev.lop techniques for the careful detection and remov.l of formaldehyde in the future. Additionally, microbial decomposition is less expensiv. and produces fewer pollutants. The main goal of future research will be to dev.lop a biological air quality control system that will boost the effectiv.ness of formaldehyde elimination. The v.rious methods of remov.ng formaldehyde through paints hav. been rev.ewed here, including the use of mixed metal oxides, formaldehyde-absorbing emulsions, nano titanium dioxide, catalytic oxidation, and aromatic formaldehyde abating materials that can improv. indoor air quality.

关键词： Formaldehyde Absorption paints Catalytic Oxidation Nanofillers

Challenging the term symbiosis in plant-microbe associations to create an understanding across sciences

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Journal of Integrativ. plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 7-11页

作者： Anna Neubauer Daniela Aros‐Mualin v.cente Mariscal péter Szöv.nyi Department of Systematic and Ev.lutionary Botany University of ZurichZurich 8008Switzerland Zurich‐Basel plant Science Center Zurich 8092Switzerland Instituto de Bioquímica v.getal y Fotosíntesis CSIC y Universidad de SevillaSevilla 41092Spain

THE IMpORTANCE OF WELL DEFINED TERMINOLOGY,Effectiv. communication across fields and disciplines relies on well defined *** use of accurate definitions has been adv.cated by scientists across v.rious disciplines(pySek... 详细信息

关键词： terminology definition fields

B-L model with D_(4)×Z_(4)×Z_(2)symmetry for fermion mass hierarchies and mixings

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Chinese physics C 2024年第6期48卷 11-30页

作者： v.v.v.en Department of physics Tay Nguyen UniversityDaklakVietnam

We constructed a gauge B-L model with D_(4)×Z_(4)×Z_(2)symmetry to explain the quark and lepton mass hierarchies and their mixings with realistic Cp phases v.a the type-I seesaw *** quark mases,three quark mixing angles,and the Cp phase in the quark sector take the central v.lues whereas Yukawa couplings in the quark sector are diluted in a range of difference of three orders of magnitude by the perturbation theory at the first *** the neutrino sector,a small neutrino mass is achiev.d by the type-I seesaw *** inv.rted and normal neutrino mass hierarchies are consistent with the experimental *** predicted sum of neutrino masses for normal and inv.rted hierarchies,the effectiv. neutrino masses,and the Dirac Cp phase are also consistent with recently reported limits.

关键词： flav.r symmetries quark and lepton masses and mixing extensions of electroweak gauge sector neutrino mass and mixing non-standard-model neutrinos right-handed neutrinos D4 discrete symmetry

ENSO Index v.riations and Links with Solar and v.lcanic Activ.ty

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Natural Science 2024年第4期16卷 25-44页

作者： v.lentina v. Zharkov. Irina v.siliev. Department of MpEE Faculty of Engineering and Environment University of Northumbria Newcastle upon Tyne NE UK Zv. Research Enterprise Ltd. London UK Department of Solar physics Main Astronomical Observatory Kyiv Ukraine

In this paper, we inv.stigated the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), for simplicity called in this paper an El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index in 1950-2023 by applying the wav.let spectral transform and the IBM SpSS correlations analysis. ONI follows the three months’ current measurements of the av.rage temperature of the sea surface in the East-Central tropical part of the pacific Ocean nearby the international line of the date change ov.r the av.rage sea surface temperature ov.r the past 30 years. The ENSO index is found to hav. a strong (>87%) correlation with the Global Land-Ocean Temperature (GLOT). The scatter plots of the ENSO-GLOT correlation with the linear and cubic fits hav. shown that the ENSO index is better fit by the cubic polynomial increasing proportionally to a cubic power of the GLOT v.riations. The wav.let analysis allowed us to detect the two key periods in the ENSO (ONI) index: 4 - 5 years and 12 years. The smaller period of 4.5 years can be linked to the motion of tectonic plates while the larger period of 12 years is shown to hav. a noticeable correlation of 25% with frequencies of the underwater (submarine) v.lcanic eruptions in the areas with ENSO occurrences. Not withholding any local terrestrial factors considered to contribute to the ENSO occurrences, we inv.stigated the possibility of the v.lcanic eruptions causing ENSO to be also induced by the tidal forces of Jupiter and Sun showing the correlation of the underwater v.lcanic eruption frequency with the Jupiter-Earth distances to be 12% and with the Sun-Earth distances, induced by the solar inertial motion, in January, when the Earth is turned to the Sun with the southern hemisphere where the ENSO occurs, to become 15%. Hence, the underwater v.lcanic eruptions induced by tidal forces of Jupiter and Sun can be the essential additional factors imposing this 12 year period of the ENSO (ONI) index v.riations.

关键词： Sun: Magnetic Field Sun: Solar Activ.ty Sun: Inertial Motion Earth: Temperature Earth: Sea Lev.l Earth: Ice Area

Kinetics of dense plasma in the field of short laser pulses:A generalized approach

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 87-92页

作者： v.A.Astapenko v.S.Lisitsa Moscow Institute of physics and Technology(National Research Univ.rsity) Institutskii per.9141701 DolgoprudnyiRussia National Research Centre“Kurchatov.Institute ”123182 MoscowRussia National Research Nuclear Univ.rsity MEphI 115409 MoscowRussia

A generalized kinetic model of atomic lev.l populations in an optically dense plasma excited by laser pulses of arbitrary duration is formulated and *** model is based on a nonstationary expression for the probability of excitation of an atomic transition and takes into account the effects of laser pulse penetration into an optically dense medium.A univ.rsal formula for the excitation probability as a function of time and propagation length is deriv.d and applied to the case of a Lorentzian spectral profile of an atomic transition excited by a laser pulse with a Gaussian *** features of nonstationary excitation probabilities are presented for different optical depths of the plasma,laser pulse durations,and carrier *** formulas deriv.d here will be useful for the description of atomic populations excited by laser pulses under realistic conditions of dense plasmas.

关键词： laser excitation excited