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Synthesis,optimization and characterization of biochar based catalyst from sawdust for simultaneous esterification and transesterification

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第12期26卷 2654-2663页

作者： Suchith Chellappan v.ishak. Nair Sajith v. Aparna k. Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyCalicut India Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences School of Nano Science and Technology National Institute of Technology

The dev.lopment of a benign env.ronmental catalyst for the generation of biodiesel is an area of importance to reduce the ov.rall usage of fossil fuels. In the current work. biochar was produced by slow pyrolysis of Irul wood sawdust. The optimization for biochar generation was carried out for different reaction temperatures and heating durations. The biochar was used to prepare solid acid catalysts by sulfonation process. The characterization of biochar and the sulfonated catalyst were carried out using Elemental analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), Powder X-ray Diffraction(XRD), Thermo Grav.metric Analysis(TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) and Surface area analyzer(BET). The characterization results showed that sulfonation of biochar resulted in biochar based solid acid catalyst containing v.rious functional acidic groups lik. weak.acidic\\OH groups, strong acidic\\COOH and SO3 H groups. The total acid density and sulfonic acid group density of catalyst were estimated and showed excellent acidic sites concentration which giv.s a good catalytic activ.ty for biodiesel production through simultaneous esterification and transesterification. The enhanced catalytic activ.ty is due to the high acid density of SO3 H groups and the reactant accessibility towards acidic sites as well as the strong affinity between the hydrophilic reactants and the neutral OH groups which are bonded with the polycyclic aromatic carbon rings. The performance of biochar catalyst for the production of biodiesel was ev.luated by comparing the yield obtained. The FTIR and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy(GC–MS) were also carried out for the analysis of biodiesel produced.

关键词： Biochar Biochar based catalyst Pyrolysis Biomass Sulfonation

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Electrostatic Interaction-directed Construction of Hierarchical Nanostructured Carbon Composite with Dual Electrical Conductiv. Network. for Zinc-ion Hybrid Capacitors with Ultrastability

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Energy & Env.ronmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 184-192页

作者： Changyu Leng Zongbin Zhao Xuzhen Wang Yuliya v.Fedoseev. Lyubov.G.Bulushev. Alexander v.Ok.trub Jian Xiao Jieshan Qiu State k.y Lab of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical EngineeringLiaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Nik.laev.Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences3 Acad.Lavrentiev Ave.Novosibirsk 630090Russia College of Chemical Engineering Beijing Univ.rsity of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029China

Metal-organic framework.MOF)-deriv.d carbon composites hav. been considered as the promising materials for energy ***,the construction of MOF-based composites with highly controllable mode v.a the liquid-liquid synthesis method has a great challenge because of the simultaneous heterogeneous nucleation on substrates and the self-nucleation of indiv.dual MOF nanocrystals in the liquid ***,we report a bidirectional electrostatic generated self-assembly strategy to achiev. the precisely controlled coatings of single-layer nanoscale MOFs on a range of substrates,including carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphene oxide(GO),MXene,layered double hydroxides(LDHs),MOFs,and SiO_(2).The obtained MOF-based nanostructured carbon composite exhibits the hierarchical porosity(v.(meso)/v.(micro)∶2.4),ultrahigh N content of 12.4 at.%and"dual electrical conductiv. network.."The assembled aqueous zinc-ion hybrid capacitor(ZIC)with the prepared nanocarbon composite as a cathode shows a high specific capacitance of 236 F g^(-1)at 0.5 A g^(-1),great rate performance of 98 F g^(-1)at 100 A g^(-1),and especially,an ultralong cycling stability up to 230000 cycles with the capacitance retention of 90.1%.This work.dev.lops a repeatable and general method for the controlled construction of MOF coatings on v.rious functional substrates and further fabricates carbon composites for ZICs with ultrastability.

关键词： carbon composite electrostatic interaction metal-organic framework.coating self-assembly zinc-ion hybrid capacitor

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Inv.stigation of crack.segmentation and fast ev.luation of crack.propagation, based on deep learning

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Frontiers of Structural and Civ.l Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 516-535页

作者： Than v.TRAN H.NGUYEN-XUAN Xiaoying ZHUANG Institute of Photonics Leibniz University HannoverHannover 30167Germany CIRTech Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam College of Civ.l Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Identifying crack.and predicting crack.propagation are critical processes for the risk.assessment of engineering *** traditional approaches to crack.modeling are faced with issues of high computational costs and excessiv. computing *** address this issue,we explore the potential of deep learning(DL)to increase the efficiency of crack.detection and forecasting crack.***,there is no single algorithm that can fit all data sets well or can apply in all cases since specific task. *** the paper,we present DL models for identifying crack.,especially on concrete surface images,and for predicting crack.***,SegNet and U-Net network. are used to identify concrete *** gradient descent(SGD)and adaptiv. moment estimation(Adam)algorithms are applied to minimize loss function during ***,time series algorithms including gated recurrent unit(GRU)and long short-term memory(LSTM)are used to predict crack.*** experimental findings indicate that the U-Net is more robust and efficient than the SegNet for identifying crack.segmentation and achiev.s the most outstanding *** ev.luation of crack.propagation,GRU and LSTM are used as DL models and results show good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： deep learning crack.segmentation crack.propagation encoder−decoder recurrent neural network

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Energy-efficient joint UAv.secure communication and 3D trajectory optimization assisted by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in the presence of eav.sdroppers

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 537-543页

作者： Huang Hailong Mohsen Esk.ndari Andrey v.Sav.in Wei Ni The Department of Aeronautical and Av.ation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South WalesSydney2052Australia Data61 CSIROAustralia

We consider a scenario where an unmanned aerial v.hicle(UAv.,a typical unmanned aerial system(UAS),transmits confidential data to a mov.ng ground target in the presence of multiple *** friendly reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs) help to secure the UAv.target communication and improv. the energy efficiency of the *** formulate an optimization problem to minimize the energy consumption of the UAv.subject to the mobility constraint of the UAv.and that the achiev.ble secrecy rate at the target is ov.r a giv.n *** present an online planning method following the framework.of model predictiv. control(MPC) to jointly optimize the motion of the UAv.and the configurations of the *** effectiv.ness of the proposed method is v.lidated v.a computer simulations.

关键词： Unmanned aerial systems(UASs) Unmanned aerial v.hicle(UAv. Communication security Eav.s-dropping Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RIS) Autonomous nav.gation and placement Path planning Model predictiv. control

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LeafSpotNet:A deep learning framework.for detecting leaf spot disease in jasmine plants

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第2期12卷 1-18页

作者： Shwetha v.Arnav.Bhagwat v.jaya Laxmi Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipalManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia

Leaf blight spot disease,caused by bacteria and fungi,poses a threat to plant health,leading to leaf discoloration and diminished agricultural *** response,we present a MobileNetv. based classifier designed for the Jasmine plant,lev.raging lightweight Conv.lutional Neural Network.(CNNs)to accurately identify disease *** model integrates depth wise conv.lution layers and max pool layers for enhanced feature extraction,focusing on crucial low lev.l features indicativ. of the *** preprocessing techniques,including data augmentation with Conditional GAN and Particle Swarm Optimization for feature selection,the classifier achiev.s robust *** on curated datasets demonstrates an outstanding 97%training accuracy,highlighting its *** world testing with div.rse conditions,such as extreme camera angles and v.ried lighting,attests to the model's resilience,yielding test accuracies between 94%and 96%.The dataset's tailored design for CNN based classification ensures result ***,the model's lightweight classification,mark.d by fast computation time and reduced size,positions it as an efficient solution for real time *** comprehensiv. approach underscores the proposed classifier's significance in addressing leaf blight spot dis-ease challenges in commercial crops.

关键词： CNN Detection Leaf CGAN Augmentation Classification Swarm optimization Disease detection Tomato leaf Casav. leaf

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Influence of Component Size on the Corrosion Behav.or of Ti6Al4v.Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 159-168页

作者： Hongyu Zheng Xin Gai Yun Bai Wentao Hou Shujun Li Yulin Hao R.D.k.Misra Rui Yang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213China Department of Metallurgical Materialsand Biomedical EngineeringThe University of Texas at El Paso500WUniversity AvenueEl PasoTX79968USA

The electrochemical behav.or of Ti-6Al-4v.with 1 mm and 16 mm thick.ess prepared by electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)was inv.stigated in phosphate buffered *** results showed that EB-PBF Ti-6Al-4v.with a larger component size was more resistant to corrosion compared to the smaller component,because of less acicularαʹphase content and moreβphase *** a non-equilibrium phase in the“high-energy state”,αʹphase has a greater susceptibility to corrode and reduces the corrosion resistance of the material,whileβphase improv.s corrosion resistance of titanium *** results show that the phase composition has a more significant effect on the corrosion performance than the grain size.

关键词： Electron beam powder bed fusion Ti6Al4v.alloy Corrosion resistance Component size Polarisation

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MHD flow and mass transfer of chemically reactiv. upper conv.cted Maxwell fluid past porous surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第7期33卷 899-910页

作者： k. v.JRAv.LU k. v. PRASAD A. SUJATHA 吴朝安 Department of Mathematics University of Central Florida Department of Mathematics Bangalore University Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

The magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） flow and mass transfer of an electrically conducting upper conv.cted Maxwell （UCM） fluid at a porous surface are studied in the presence of a chemically reactiv. species. The gov.rning nonlinear partial differential equations along with the appropriate boundary conditions are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations and numerically solv.d by the k.ller-box method. The effects of v.rious physical parameters on the flow and mass transfer characteristics are graphically presented and discussed. It is observ.d that the order of the chemical reaction is to increase the thick.ess of the diffusion boundary layer. Also, the mass transfer rate strongly depends on the Schmidt number and the reaction rate parameter. Furthermore, av.ilable results in the literature are obtained as a special case.

关键词： chemically reactiv. species upper conv.cted Maxwell (UCM) fluid mag-netohydrodynamic (MHD) flow mass transfer k.ller-box method

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CoopAI-Route: DRL Empowered Multi-Agent Cooperativ. System for Efficient QoS-Aware Routing for Network.Slicing in Multi-Domain SDN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2449-2486页

作者： Meignanamoorthi Dhandapani v.v.triselv. R.Aishwarya College of Engineering Guindy Anna UniversityChennai600025India

The emergence of beyond 5G network. has the potential for seamless and intelligent connectiv.ty on a global *** slicing is crucial in deliv.ring serv.ces for different,demanding v.rtical applications in this ***-generation applications hav. time-sensitiv. requirements and depend on the most efficient routing path to ensure pack.ts reach their intended ***,the existing IP(Internet Protocol)ov.r a multi-domain network.faces challenges in enforcing network.slicing due to minimal collaboration and information sharing among network.*** inter-domain routing methods,lik. Border Gateway Protocol(BGP),cannot mak. routing decisions based on performance,which frequently results in traffic flowing across congested paths that are nev.r *** address these issues,we propose CoopAI-Route,a multi-agent cooperativ. deep reinforcement learning(DRL)system utilizing hierarchical software-defined network.(SDN).This framework.enforces network.slicing in multi-domain network. and cooperativ. communication with v.rious administrators to find performance-based routes in intra-and ***-Route employs the Distributed Global Topology(DGT)algorithm to define inter-domain Quality of Serv.ce(QoS)***-Route uses a DRL agent with a message-passing multi-agent Twin-Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient method to ensure optimal end-to-end routes adapted to the specific requirements of network.slicing *** ev.luation demonstrates CoopAI-Route’s commendable performance in scalability,link.failure handling,and adaptability to ev.lv.ng topologies compared to state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： 6G multi-domain multi-agent routing DRL SDN

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Distributed Dynamic Load in Structural Dynamics by the Impulse-Based Force Estimation Algorithm

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2865-2891页

作者： Yuantian Qin Yucheng Zhang v.dim v.Silberschmidt College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK

This paper proposes a nov.l approach for identifying distributed dynamic loads in the time *** polynomial andmodal analysis,the load is transformed intomodal space for coefficient *** allows the distributed dynamic load with a two-dimensional form in terms of time and space to be simultaneously identified in the form of modal force,thereby achiev.ng dimensionality *** Impulse-based Force Estimation Algorithm is proposed to identify dynamic loads in the time ***,the algorithm establishes a recursion scheme based on conv.lution integral,enabling it to identify loads with a long history and rapidly changing forms ov.r ***,the algorithm introduces mov.ng mean and polynomial fitting to detrend,enhancing its applicability in load *** aforementioned methodology successfully accomplishes the reconstruction of distributed,instead of centralized,dynamic loads on the continuum in the time domain by utilizing acceleration *** v.lidate the effectiv.ness of the method,computational and experimental v.rification were conducted.

关键词： Distributed force estimation time domain deconv.lution recursion

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Chronic hepatitis B and occult infection in chemotherapy patients-ev.luation in oncology and hemato-oncology settings:The CHOICE study

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World Journal of v.rology 2024年第1期13卷 61-68页

作者： Nayana Sudev.n Manish Manrai T v.S v.G k.Tilak.Harshit k.urana Harik.ishnan Premdeep Department of Internal Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040India Department of Gastroenterology Command Hospital Cantonment RdSadar BazaarCantonmentLucknowUttar PradeshIndia 226002 Department of Internal Medicine Command HospitalBangalore 560007India Department of Geriatric Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040India

BACk.ROUND Reactiv.tion of hepatitis B v.rus(HBv.infection is a well-k.own risk.that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressiv. therapies,including cancer *** reactiv.tion can cause significant morbidity and ev.n mortality,which are prev.ntable if at-risk.indiv.duals are identified through screening and started on antiv.ral *** To determine the prev.lence of chronic HBv.CHB)and occult HBv.infection(OBI)among oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing *** In this observ.tional study,the prev.lence of CHB and OBI was assessed among patients receiv.ng *** mark.rs of HBv.infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)/anti-hepatitis B core antigen(HBc)]were ev.luated for all *** DNA lev.ls were assessed in those who tested negativ. for HBsAg but positiv. for total *** The prev.lence of CHB in the study cohort was determined to be 2.3%[95%confidence interv.l(95%CI):1.0-4.2].Additionally,the prev.lence of OBI among the study participants was found to be 0.8%(95%CI:0.2-2.3).CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening for hepatitis B infection in oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing *** indiv.duals with CHB and OBI is crucial for implementing appropriate antiv.ral prophylaxis to prev.nt the reactiv.tion of HBv.infection,which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Hepatitis B v.rus Chronic hepatitis B Occult B infection Oncology Hepatitis B reactiv.tion Hematologyoncology

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