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Experimental and numerical inv.stigation on alternativ.s to sandy grav.l

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 130-141页

作者： v.denefeld H.Aurich Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400KandernGermany

The NATO agreement STANAG 4569 defines the protection lev.ls for the occupants of logistic and light armored *** Allied Engineering Publication,AEP-55,v.lume 2 document outlines the test conditions for underbelly improv.sed explosiv. dev.ce(IEDs),which must be buried in water-saturated sandy *** use of sandy grav.l has some drawbacks,for instance reproducibility,time consumption,and *** paper focuses on the inv.stigation of four alternativ.s to sandy grav.l,which could produce similar specific and cumulativ. impulses:a concrete pot filled with water,a concrete pot filled with quartz sand,a steel pot without filling and a concrete pot filled with glass spheres(diameter 200μm—300μm)and different water *** impulses are measured with a ring technology dev.loped at the Fraunhofer EMI.A numerical soil model based on the work of Marrs,2014 and Fi serov.a,2006 and considering the soil moisture was used to simulate the experiments with glass spheres at different water contents,showing much better agreement with the experiments than the classical Laine&Sandv.k model,ev.n for high saturation *** results can be used to create new test conditions at original scale that are more cost-effectiv.,more reproducible and simpler to manage in comparison to the current tests carried out with STANAG sandy grav.l.

关键词： Improv.sed explosiv. dev.ce(IED) Specific impulse Momentum transfer Sandy grav.l Glass spheres Numerical model Soil moisture

Analysis of global momentum transfer due to buried mine detonation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第5期15卷 821-827页

作者： N.Heider v.denefeld H.Aurich Ernst-Mach-Institute

The emergence of improv.sed explosiv. dev.ces (IED) significantly extended the spectrum of possiblethreat mechanisms to military v.hicles and their occupants. Especially buried high explosiv. (HE)charges lead to new and originally not inv.stigated loading conditions during their detonation. It is theinteraction of the embedding geomaterial with the detonation products that leads to a strongly increasedglobal impulse transfer on the v.hicle with following high accelerations on the v.hicle occupant. Thispaper presents a comprehensiv. approach for the analysis of occupant loading. In a first step, we presentthe so called ring technology which allows the experimental determination of the locally resolv.dspecific impulse distribution on a v.hicle floor due to buried charge detonation. A complementarymethod is the use of scaled model v.hicles that allows the determination of global v.hicle loading parameterssuch as jump height or v.hicle accelerations. Both techniques were used to study the influenceof burial conditions as burial depth, embedding material or water content on the impulse transfer ontothe v.hicle. These experimental data are used to v.lidate material models for the embedding sand orgrav.l materials. This v.lidated material description is the basis for numerical simulation models used inthe assessment of occupant safety. In the last step, we present a simulation model for a generic militaryv.hicle including a Hybrid III occupant dummy that is used for the determination of biomechanicaloccupant exposure lev.ls. Typical occupant loadings are ev.luated and correlated with burial conditionsas HE mass and global momentum transfer.

关键词： Improv.sed explosiv. dev.ce v.hicle protection Occupant loading

Engineering tool for the ev.luation of global IED effects

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第2期12卷 214-221页

作者： n.heider v.denefeld a.steinbrenner a.holzwarth Ernst-Mach-Institute Eckerstr.479104 FreiburgGermany Ernst-Mach-Institute Am Christianswuhr 279400 KandernGermany

The detonation of an IED near a military v.hicle induces different damage effects on the v.hicle and its occupants. There are local effects from fragments and projectiles but there are also global effects from a momentum transfer on the complete v.hicle structure and a subsequent dynamical motion of the v.hicle with phenomena like ov.rturning or v.hicle displacement from the *** like this can be answered with numerical finite-element simulations but there is also the need for engineering tools that allow a quick and nearly instantaneous simulation of these phenomena. The following work presents an approach for a fast analysis of global IED effects on v.hicles. The physical modelling is based on analytical formula and empirical data that describe the momentum transfer of a detonation on a nearby structure. This momentum is the initial condition for the calculation of the following v.hicle motion and the simulation of v.hicle dynamics and jump *** software itself has a modern GUI that allows the generation of the v.hicle structure and the threat scenario together with an interactiv. analysis of the simulation *** engineering tool is v.lidated with small size generic v.hicle tests where jump height and the v.hicle motion are compared. The software allows a detailed analysis of global IED effects and can be additionally used in an inv.rse mode for the analysis of incidents with the determination of used HE masses in an IED attack.

关键词： IED 工具工程军事车辆有限元模拟评价爆炸装置车辆结构

Reduction of global effects on v.hicles after IED detonations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2014年第2期10卷 219-225页

作者： v.denefeld N.HEIDER A.HOLZWARTH A.SATTLER M.SALK Ernst-Mach-Institute Eckerstr.4 Ernst-Mach-Institute Am Christianswuhr 2

Global effects caused by the detonation of an IED near a military v.hicle induce subsequent sev.re acceleration effects on the v.hicle *** concepts to minimize these global effects were dev.loped,with the help of a combined method based on a scaled experimental technology and numerical *** first concept consists in the optimization of the v.hicle shape to reduce the momentum transfer and thus the occupant *** scaled v.shaped v.hicles with different ground clearances were built and compared to a reference v.hicle equipped with a flat *** second concept,called dynamic impulse compensation(DIC),is based on a momentum compensation *** principal possibility of this concept was demonstrated on a scaled *** addition,the numerical simulations hav. been performed with generic full size v.hicles including dummy models,prov.ng the capability of the DIC technology to reduce the occupant loading.

关键词：军用车辆 IED 爆炸数值模拟动量转移实验技术离地间隙动态补偿