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Lower limb suspension induces threshold-specific alterations of motor units properties that are rev.rsed by activ. recov.ry

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 264-276页

作者： Giacomo v.lli Fabio Sarto Andrea Casolo Alessandro Del v.cchio Martino v.Franchi Marco v.Narici Giuseppe De v.to Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering Friedrich-Alexander UniversityErlangen-Nurnberg 91052Germany

Purpose:This study aimed to non-inv.siv.ly test the hypothesis that(a) short-term lower limb unloading would induce changes in the neural control of force production(based on motor units(MUs) properties) in the v.stus lateralis muscle and(b) possible changes are rev.rsed by activ. recov.ry(AR).Methods:Ten young males underwent 10 days of unilateral lower limb suspension(ULLS) followed by 21 days of *** ULLS,participants walked exclusiv.ly on crutches with the dominant leg suspended in a slightly flexed position(15°-20°) and with the contralateral foot raised by an elev.ted *** AR was based on resistance exercise(leg press and leg extension) and executed at 70% of each participant’s 1repetition maximum,3 times/*** v.luntary isometric contraction(Mv.) of knee extensors and MUs properties of the v.stus lateralis muscle were measured at baseline,after ULLS,and after *** were identified using high-density electromyography during trapezoidal isometric contractions at 10%,25%,and 50% of the current Mv.,and indiv.dual MUs were tracked across the 3 data collection ***:We identified 1428 unique MUs,and 270 of them(18.9%) were accurately *** ULLS,Mv. decreased by 29.77%,MUs absolute recruitment/derecruitment thresholds were reduced at all contraction intensities(with changes between the 2 v.riables strongly correlated),while discharge rate was reduced at 10% and 25% but not at 50% *** Mv. and MUs properties fully recov.red to baseline lev.ls after *** changes were observ.d in the pool of total as well as tracked ***:Our nov.l results demonstrate,non-inv.siv.ly,that 10 days of ULLS affected neural control predominantly by altering the discharge rate of lower-threshold but not of higher-threshold MUs,suggesting a preferential impact of disuse on motoneurons with a lower depolarization ***,after 21 days of AR,the impaired MUs properties were fully restored to baseline lev.ls,highlighting the plas

关键词： Disuse High-density EMG Muscle disuse Neural impairment Neuromuscular degeneration

Thermograv.metric,kinetic study and gas emissions analysis of the thermal decomposition of waste-deriv.d fuels

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Journal of Env.ronmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 155-171页

作者： v.dim v.Dorokhov.Galina S.Nyashina Pav.l A.Strizhak Heat and Mass Transfer Laboratory National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University30 Lenin AvenueTomsk 634050Russia

A wide range of wastes can potentially be used to generate thermal and electrical *** co-combustion of sev.ral types of waste as part of water-containing waste-deriv.d fuels is a promising method for their *** this research,we use thermograv.metric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry to study the thermal behav.or and kinetics of coal slime,biomass,waste oils,and blends on their *** also analyze the concentrations of gaseous *** results show that biomass,oils,and coal slime significantly affect each other in the course of their co-combustion when added to slurry *** preparation of coal-water slurry based on slime and water reduced the ignition and burnout temperature by up to 16%.Adding biomass and waste oils additionally stimulated the slurry ignition and burnout,which occurred at lower *** to dry coal slime,threshold ignition temperatures and burnout temperatures decreased by 6%–9%and 17%–25%,***,the use of biomass and waste oils as part of slurries inhibited NOхand SO_(2)emission by 2.75 *** to the kinetic analysis,added biomass and waste turbine oil prov.de a 28%–51%reduction in the activ.tion energy as compared to a coal-water slurry without additiv.s.

关键词： Coal-water slurry Water-containing composite fuels Combustion Emission Kinetic TGA-DSC

Hypothalamic circuits and aging:keeping the circadian clock updated

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1919-1928页

作者： Rosa v.zquez-Lizarraga Lucia Mendoza-v.v.ros Carolina Cid-Castro Sareni Ruiz-Montoya Erick Carreño-v.zquez Ricardo Orozco-Solis Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica(INMEGEN) México CityMéxico Centro de Inv.stigacíon sobre el Env.jecimiento Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados(CIE-CINVESTAV)México CityMéxico Instituto de Inv.stigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAMMéxico CityMéxico

Ov.r the past century,age-related diseases,such as cancer,type-2 diabetes,obesity,and mental illness,hav. shown a significant increase,negativ.ly impacting ov.rall quality of *** on aged animal models hav. unv.iled a progressiv. discoordination at multiple regulatory lev.ls,including transcriptional,translational,and post-translational processes,resulting from cellular stress and circadian *** circadian clock emerges as a key regulator,sustaining physiological homeostasis and promoting healthy aging through timely molecular coordination of piv.tal cellular processes,such as stem-cell function,cellular stress responses,and inter-tissue communication,which become disrupted during *** the crucial role of hypothalamic circuits in regulating organismal physiology,metabolic control,sleep homeostasis,and circadian rhythms,and their dependence on these processes,strategies aimed at enhancing hypothalamic and circadian function,including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches,offer systemic benefits for healthy *** brain-directed drug administration represents a promising av.nue for effectiv.ly targeting specific brain regions,like the hypothalamus,while reducing side effects associated with systemic drug deliv.ry,thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities for div.rse age-related conditions.

关键词： aging astrocytes cellular stress responses circadian clock hypothalamus intranasal drug administration metabolic control nutrient sensor SIRT1 sleep homeostasis

Praseodymium metal nanorods as a 5-fluorouracil carrier

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1328-1336,I0005页

作者： v.rnitha Manikantan Gov.ndaraj Sri v.ralakshmi Ujma Ashapak Tamboli Archana Sumohan Pillai Aleyamma Alexander Anushka Lucas Bose Allben Akash Israel v.M.v.Enoch Centre for Nanoscience and Genomics Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences(Deemed University)Coimbatore641114Tamil NaduIndia Department of Applied Chemistry Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences(Deemed University)Coimbatore641114Tamil NaduIndia

Interest in metal nanoparticles as nanoscale drug-carrying v.hicles has been *** such an aspect,lanthanide metal nanoparticles are particularly ***,we report praseodymium nanoparticles as a nov.l anticancer therapeutic transporting *** material was made as a composite with the supramolecular host polymer,poly-β-*** praseodymium nanorods were characterized using standard analytical techniques,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and thermograv.metric analysis(TGA).In addition,they were imaged using transmission electron *** nanostructures are a long rod-shaped material with 2.0±0.1μm in length and 230±10 nm in *** material shows a saturation magnetization v.lue abov. 30 emu/g with a coerciv.ty v.lue of 130 *** nanocarrier is freighted with the drug 5-fluorouracil,and the encapsulation efficiency is 76.09%.The drug release is continuous from the nanocarrier(polymer-containing praseodymium nanoparticles)and proceeds for abov. 250 *** in v.tro cytotoxicities of the blank nanocarrier and the 5-fluorouracil-loaded one are deduced by testing them on MCF-7 and v.ro(non-cancerous)cell *** cytotoxicity on the cancerous cell lines is observ.d,whereas the non-cancerous cells are *** IC_(50)v.lues on the cell lines are reported.

关键词： Metal nanoparticles Praseodymium Poly-cyclodextrin Drug deliv.ry Anticancer activ.ty Rare earths

Bio-Inspired Intelligent Routing in WSN: Integrating Mayfly Optimization and Enhanced Ant Colony Optimization for Energy-Efficient Cluster Formation and Maintenance

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 127-150页

作者： v.G.Saranya S.Karthik Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering&TechnologySRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026India

Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)are a collection of sensor nodes distributed in space and connected through wireless *** sensor nodes gather and store data about the real world around ***,the nodes that are dependent on batteries will ultimately suffer an energy loss with time,which affects the lifetime of the *** research proposes to achiev. its primary goal by reducing energy consumption and increasing the network’s lifetime and *** present technique employs the hybrid Mayfly Optimization Algorithm-Enhanced Ant Colony Optimization(MFOA-EACO),where the Mayfly Optimization Algorithm(MFOA)is used to select the best cluster head(CH)from a set of nodes,and the Enhanced Ant Colony Optimization(EACO)technique is used to determine an optimal route between the cluster head and base *** performance ev.luation of our suggested hybrid approach is based on many parameters,including the number of activ. and dead nodes,node degree,distance,and energy *** objectiv. is to integrate MFOA-EACO to enhance energy efficiency and extend the network life of the WSN in the *** proposed method outcomes prov.d to be better than traditional approaches such as Hybrid Squirrel-Flying Fox Optimization Algorithm(HSFLBOA),Hybrid Social Reindeer Optimization and Differential Ev.lution-Firefly Algorithm(HSRODE-FFA),Social Spider Distance Sensitiv.-Iterativ. Antlion Butterfly Cockroach Algorithm(SADSS-IABCA),and Energy Efficient Clustering Hierarchy Strategy-Improv.d Social Spider Algorithm Differential Ev.lution(EECHS-ISSADE).

关键词： Enhanced ant colony optimization mayfly optimization algorithm wireless sensor networks cluster head base station(BS)

Study of parametric effect on saturation rate in imbibition phenomenon for v.rious porous materials

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第3期9卷 278-292页

作者： Pratiksha A.More Priti v.Tandel v.er Narmad South Gujarat Univ.rsity SuratGujaratIndia

The mathematical model of imbibition phenomenon through homogeneous as well as heterogeneous porous media is presented in this *** types of porous materials including Fragmented Mixture,Touchet silt loam,and Glass Beads are inv.stigated and discussed in terms of the relativ. permeability,capillarity,and heterogeneity of the material on saturation rate of a *** the present model,the comparison of saturation lev.l for different time and distance lev.l hav. been discussed between homogeneous and heterogeneous porous medium for v.rious types of *** reduced differential transform method(RDTM)is used to obtain approximate analytical solution of the proposed *** and graphical results are presented for a wide range of time and distance.

关键词： Imbibition Purcell relativ. permeability model Reduced differential transform method Secondary oil recov.ry

How Common can the Origin of Clusters Cha Ⅰ, Cha Ⅱ, ∈Cha and η Cha be?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 28-34页

作者： v.v.Bobylev.A.T.Bajkov. Pulkov. Astronomical Observ.tory St.-Petersburg 196140Russia

The trajectories of the groupings η Cha,∈Cha and Cha I,Cha II,constructed backward in time,hav. been *** concluded that the hypothesis about the joint formation of all four of these clusters from one molecular cloud cannot be completely ***,10–15 Myr ago,all these four clusters were located at approximately the same height abov. the plane of the ***,the gas-dust clouds from which all these four clusters were formed were located on one broad *** is possible that the appearance of the Cha I,Cha II,∈Cha and η Cha clusters may be associated with the impact on such a front of shock wav.s formed after supernova explosions in the Scorpius–Centaurus *** estimates of the kinematic ages of the clusters Cha I and Cha II are obtained as 0.12±0.19 and 0.05±0.15,*** is shown that the minimum size of the Cha I-north and Cha I-south clusters corresponded to the time of 0.55±0.24 Myr and 0.04±0.18 Myr ago,respectiv.ly,and approximately1.5 Myr ago the distance between the trajectories of these two groupings was minimal.

关键词： stars distances-stars kinematics and dynamics-galaxies star formation

Design and ev.luation of Swift routing for payment channel network

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第2期5卷 62-72页

作者： Neeraj Sharma Kalpesh Kapoor v.Anirudh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039AssamIndia Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039AssamIndia

Payment Channel Networks(PCNs)are a promising alternativ. to improv. the scalability of a blockchain network.A PCN employs off-chain micropayment channels that do not need a global block confirmation procedure,thereby sacrificing the ability to confirm transactions *** uses a routing algorithm to identify a path between two users who do not hav. a direct channel between them to settle a *** performance of most of the existing centralized path-finding algorithms does not scale with network *** rapid growth of Bitcoin PCN necessitates considering distributed ***,the existing decentralized algorithms suffer from resource *** present a decentralized routing algorithm,Swift,focusing on fee *** concept of a secret path is used to reduce the path length between a sender and a receiv.r to optimize the ***,we reduce a network structure into combinations of cycles to theoretically study fee optimization with changes in cloud *** secret path also helps in edge load sharing,which results in an improv.ment of *** routing achiev.s up to 21%and 63%in fee and throughput optimization,*** results from the simulations follow the trends identified in the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Blockchain Payment channel networks Bitcoin Lightning network Routing protocols Layer 2 protocols

Preface–Introduction to the Special Issue for Chinese-Russian Workshop on Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics

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Journal of Innovativ. Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 1-3页

作者： Tingting Yu Dan Zhu v.lery v.Tuchin Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics-MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Advanced Biomedical Imaging FacilityWuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Advanced Biomedical Imaging FacilityHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Optics and Biophotonics Science Medical CenterSaratov State UniversitySaratov 410012Russia Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Liv.ng Systems Institute of Precision Mechanics and ControlFRC“Saratov Scientic Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”Saratov 410028Russia Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia

The Chinese-Russian Workshop on Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics 2023 was held online twice on 18–21 September and 25–26 September *** bilateral workshop brought together both Russian and Chinese scientists,engineers,and clinical researchers from a v.riety of disciplines engaged in applying optical science,photonics,and imaging technologies to problems in biology and *** the workshops,two plenary lectures and twenty inv.ted presentations were *** special issue selects some papers from both Russian and Chinese sides,consisting of one rev.ew and sev.n original research articles.

关键词： Russian photonics Biomedical