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Lithostructural controls in Douala-Buea Region landscape (SW Cameroon margin):Insights from morphometric analysis

Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第1期18卷 68-87页

作者： Christian BALLA ATEBA Sébastien OWONA Moussa NSANGOU NGAPNA véronique manga tsimi DieudonnéMINYEM Joseph MvONDO ONDOA Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciencethe University of DoualaDouala 24157Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciencethe University of Yaounde IYaounde 812Cameroon Department of Mines and Quarries Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Industriesthe University of MarouaMaroua 814Cameroon

The Douala-Buea Region(DBR;4°-5°N,9°-10°30’E),a portion of the southern Cameroon passive margin,developed on the Proterozoic granito-gneissic basement and the Cretaceous to Recent volcanosedimentary cover,was explored in order to evaluate the lithology and tectonics controls on its landscape usingthequalitativeandquantitative geomorphological analyses based on 30 m resolution Digital Elevation Models(DEM)and field *** area displays an uneven and complex landscape differentiated into four morphological units:Douala,Nkondjock,Kumba and Buea *** Douala Unit corresponds to the Coastal Plain and is extended on the Douala-Kribi/*** Nkondjock Unit represents a middle plateau developed on a Proterozoic granito-gneissic *** Kumba Unit matches with the southernmost volcanic Western Cameroon High *** Buea Unit corresponds to the Mount Cameroon *** relief analysis through mountain-front sinuosity(Smf,1.19–1.43)and relative relief ratio(Rr,0.10–2.31)vary from one unit to *** drainage network analysis including drainage patterns,stepped longitudinalriverprofiles,theassociated morphometric indexes,notably the concavity index(IC,0.56–0.88),deviation(D,267–2912 m),basin asymmetry factor(A_(F),6.37–42.12),hypsometric integral(HI,0.10–0.29),valley floor width to valley height ratio(v_(f),0.36–2.75),elongation ratio(R_(e),0.30–0.50),watershed slope(S,6.88–88.88)and stream length gradient index(SL,0–3332)vary from one basin to another *** results also show the heterogeneous and uneven DBR landscape controlled by its lithology and active *** drainage system reveals concave to concavo-convex longitudinal river profile shapes with knick points,asymmetric basins,and fault reactivations,and highlights the tectonics activity that used to occur through the time and their control on the ***,they document the lithostructural controls on the DBR landscape evolution,extendable in the whole

关键词： Morphometric indices Lithological control Structural control Morphological units Douala-Buea Region SW Cameroon margin

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