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Pattern of hepatitis C virus genotypes and subtypes circulating in war-stricken Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan:Review of published literature

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第11期10卷 1037-1042页

作者： Abdul waheed Khan Sadia Nawab Zeeshan Nasim Abdul Haleem Khan Syed Ishfaq Ahmad Fazli Zahir Israr Ud Din Institute of Information Sciences Academia SinicaTaiwan Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology University of SwatPakistan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering The University of AgriculturePeshawarPakistan 4Department of ZoologyIslamia College PeshawarPakistan

Infection due to hepatitis C virus(HCV) is a major cause of fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Pakistan. In the current review, pattern of HCV genotypes and subtypes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province was ascertained in light of the available literature. After thorough analysis, genotype 3(58.27%) was determined to be the leading HCV genotype,followed by genotypes 2(12.39%), 1(9.54%) and 4(0.86%). The proportions of genotypes 5 and 6 were recorded as 0.09% and 0.22% respectively. Subtype wise, 3 a accounted for 48.67%, followed by subtype 2 a(10.91%), 3 b(9.43%), 1 a(5.84%), 1 b(3.66%), 2 b(1.45%) and genotype 4 with its undefined subtypes contributed a portion of0.86%. The cumulative share of subtypes 1 c, 2 c, 3 c, 5 a and 6 a was less than 1%. In11.51% cases, the subtype was untypeable while in 7.17% cases mixed subtypes were recorded. Gender wise, proportions of most HCV subtypes were marginally higher among males as compared to females. On the basis of studied groups, 3 a was pervasive among all groups except in intravenous drug users where 2 a was the major HCV ***, based on various geographical locations(provincial divisions), subtype 3 a revealed a ubiquitous distribution. Conclusively, HCV 3 a persists to be the principal subtype across the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The considerable number of untypeable subtypes in most studies urges for an improved genotyping system on the basis of local sequence data and practice of sequencing for determination of underlying subtype in untypeable cases. Further, studies on identification of subtypes transmission pattern are imperative for assessment of transmission origin and reinforcement of efficient control strategies. In addition, the current review emphasizes the need of attention toward HCV risk groups and ignored southern side of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province for better holistic understanding of HCV genotype distribution pattern in the province.

关键词： Hepatitis C Hepatitis C virus Genotype Subtype

Effect of Silicon (Si) Application on Phoenix dactylifera L. Growth under Drought Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in Vitro

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第13期7卷 1711-1728页

作者： Ahmed Madi waheed Al-Mayahi Department of Plant Tissue Culture Date Palm Research Centre University of Basra Basra Iraq

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of silicon (Si) 3.6 mM (as calcium silicate) under drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol “PEG” at 15% (MW 8000), in addition to the control treatment on growth and some biochemical constituents of date palm cv. Barhee cultured in vitro. Drought stress (15% PEG) depressed the growth of shoot and decreased protein content and chlorophyll concentration. Addition of 3.6 mM Si could improve the growth of shoot and increase the protein content and leaf chlorophyll concentrations of stressed plants. The inclusion of Si to the PEG containing medium significantly increased the catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in regenerated shoot, compared to other treatments. As well as drought stress 15% PEG induced significant accumulation of shoots proline, which were decreased by added silicon. Moreover, the results were also supported by the observation that PEG stress-induced decrease the response percentage of root induction and root lengths was reversed by added silicon. Addition of Si obviously significantly increased the wax content in leaves, response percentage of root induction and root lengths of plantlets under drought stress. The results of this study indicate that the application of silicon improved growth attributes, effectively mitigate the adverse effect of drought, and increase tolerance of date palm plants for drought stress during the course of date palm tissue cultures.

关键词： Silicon (Si) Drought Stress Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Tissue Culturing Antioxidant Activity Waxy Layer

Highly stable N-containing polymer-based Fe/Nx/C electrocatalyst for alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cell applications

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2022年第1期32卷 27-33页

作者： Muhammad Rauf Jingwen Wang Stephan Handschuh-Wang Zhiyou Zhou waheed Iqbal Sayed Ali Khan Lin Zhuang Xiangzhong Ren Yongliang Li Shigang Sun College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan University State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Environmental Science and Engineering Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen)

A cost-effective electrocatalyst with high activity and stability was developed. The Fe-Nx and pyridinic-N active sites were embedded in nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon nanomaterial by carbonization at high *** electrocatalyst exhibited excellent electrochemical performance for the oxygen reduction reaction, with high onset potential and half-wave potential values(E= 1.10 V and E= 0.944 V) than 20 wt % Pt/C catalyst(1.04 and 0.910 V). The mass activity of the Schiff base network(SNW) based SNW-Fe/N/C@800°electrocatalyst(0.64 m A mg-1@ 1 V) reached about half of the commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst(1.35 m A mg@ 1 V). The electrocatalyst followed the 4-electron transfer mechanism due to very low hydrogen peroxide yield(HO<1.5%) was obtained. In addition, this electrocatalyst with dual active sites showed high stability during cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry measurements. More importantly, the electrocatalyst also demonstrated the power density of 266 m W cmin the alkaline anions exchange membrane fuel cell(AEMFC) test, indicating its prospective application for fuel cells.

关键词： Fe/N x /C electrocatalyst Oxygen reduction reaction Active cites Durability Alkaline anions exchange membrane fuel cell

A Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform-Based Model for Low-Illumination Image Enhancement

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2021年第5期26卷 405-414页

作者： GUAN Yurong Muhammad Aamir Ziaur Rahman Zaheer Ahmed Dayo waheed Ahmed Abro Muhammad Ishfaq HU Zhihua Department of Computer Science Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000HubeiChina

Image enhancement is a monumental task in the field of computer vision and image *** methods are insufficient for preserving naturalness and minimizing noise in *** article discusses a technique that is based on wavelets for optimizing images taken in ***,the V channel is created by mapping an image’s RGB channel to the HSV color ***,the acquired V channel is decomposed using the dual-tree complex wavelet transform(DT-CWT)in order to recover the concentrated information within its high and low-frequency ***,an adaptive illumination boost technique is used to enhance the visibility of a low-frequency ***,anisotropic diffusion is used to mitigate the high-frequency component’s noise *** improve the results,the image is reconstructed using an inverse DT-CWT and then converted to RGB space using the newly calculated ***,images are white-balanced to remove color *** demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly improves outcomes and outperforms previously reported methods in general.

关键词： image enhancement dual-tree complex wavelet transform(DT-CWT) anisotropic diffusion low-light images

Uncertainty Modeling for Oil Tankers and Operational Guidance

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2017年第2期7卷 281-288页

作者： waheed Sami Abu Shanab Faculty of Maritime Studies King Abdul-Aziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Technology evolution has been a driving factor in the oil tanker industry. The technology breakthroughs and historical data served as the main factor of evo-lution in the industry. Nowadays the oil tankers have been modified and opti-mized according to the requirements of the cargo and the area in which they are supposed to operate. This paper reviews some technological developments in the tanker industry and driving factors behind them. The issues of environmental pollution, failure prediction, and efficient operations are also discussed in mathematical terms.

关键词： Oil Tanker Operation Oil Tanker Design Electric Ships Oil Tanker Safety

CFTR mutations causing congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens(CUAVD)and congenital absence of the uterus(CAU)in a consanguineous family

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第4期24卷 416-421页

作者： Mahdieh Daliri Ghouchanatigh Ranjha Khan Majid Mojarrad uzma Hameed Muhammad Zubair Ahmed Waqas Mohsen Jalali Mahmoudreza Kalantari Ali Shamsa Huan Zhang Qing-Hua Shi The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and DevelopmentHefei 230027China Department of Medical Genetics School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad 91735Iran Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Government College UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Zoology Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education LahoreMultan CampusMultan 60000Pakistan Department of Reproductive Medicine Armaghan Infertility CenterMashhad 91735Iran Department of Pathology Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad 91735Iran.

Cystic fibrosis(CF)is one of the most common recessive genetic diseases,with a wide spectrum of phenotypes,ranging from infertility to severe pulmonary *** in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR)gene are considered the main genetic cause for *** this study,we recruited a consanguineous Iranian pedigree with four male patients diagnosed with congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens(CUAVD),and one female patient diagnosed with congenital absence of the uterus(CAU).Testicular biopsy of one patient was performed,and hematoxylin and eosin(H and E)staining of testis sections displayed the presence of germ cell types ranging from spermatogonia to mature spermatids,indicating obstructive *** explore the underlying genetic factor in this familial disorder,we therefore performed whole-exome sequencing(WES)on all available family *** data filtration and CFTR haplotype analysis identified compound heterozygous mutations in CFTR among four patients(two CUAVD patients carried p.H949Y and p.L997F,and one CUAVD and the female CAU patient carried p.H949Y and p.I148T).All these mutations were predicted to be deleterious by at least half of the prediction software programs and were confirmed by Sanger *** study reported that CFTR compound heterozygous mutations in a consanguineous Iranian family cause infertility in both sexes.

关键词： congenital absence of the uterus congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator whole-exome sequencing

Prediction of promiscuous T-cell epitopes in the Zika virus polyprotein:An in silico approach

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第9期9卷 822-828页

作者： Hamza Dar Tahreem Zaheer Muhammad Talha Rehman Amjad Ali Aneela Javed Gohar Ayub Khan Mustafeez Mujtaba Babar Yasir waheed Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University Foundation University Medical College Foundation University Islamabad

Objective:To predict immunogenic promiscuous T-cell epitopes from the polyprotein of the Zika virus using a range of bioinformatics *** date,no epitope data are available for the Zika virus in the IEDB ***:We retrieved nearly 54 full length polyprotein sequences of the Zika virus from the NCBI database belonging to different outbreaks.A consensus sequence was then used to predict the promiscuous T cell epitopes that bind MHC 1 and MHC II alleles using Propred1 and Propred immunoinformatic algorithms *** antigencity predicted score was also calculated for each predicted epitope using the Vaxi Jen 2.0 ***:By using Pro Pred1,23 antigenic epitopes for HLA class I and 48 antigenic epitopes for HLA class II were predicted from the consensus polyprotein sequence of Zika *** greatest number of MHC class I binding epitopes were projected within the NS5(21%),followed by Envelope(17%).For MHC class II,greatest number of predicted epitopes were in NS5(19%) followed by the Envelope,NS1 and NS2(17% each).A variety of epitopes with good binding affinity,promiscuity and antigenicity were predicted for both the HLA ***:The predicted conserved promiscuous T-cell epitopes examined in this study were reported for the first time and will contribute to the imminent design of Zika virus vaccine candidates,which will be able to induce a broad range of immune responses in a heterogeneous HLA ***,our results can be verified and employed in future efficacious vaccine formulations only after successful experimental studies.

关键词： Zika Virus B-Cell Epitopes T-Cell Epitopes Vaccine Antigenicity

Elimination of hepatitis from Pakistan by 2030: is it possible?

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Hepatoma Research 2018年第8期4卷 60-63页

作者： Yasir waheed Masood Siddiq Foundation University Medical College Foundation University IslamabadIslamabad44000Pakistan Jinnah Memorial Hospital 2-Civil LinesRawalpindi46000Pakistan

Globally 71 million people are living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) out which 7.1 million (10%) are present in Pakistan. Genotype 3 is the most common HCV type in the country. World Health Organization is working with health authorities in different countries for effective control of HCV, to reduce its incidence by 90% and to reduce hepatitis related mortality by 65% by the year 2030. There are several challenges that hinder elimination of HCV from Pakistan including the lack of patient awareness about the causes and transmission of disease, lack of affordability for investigations and drug treatment and lack of experienced healthcare professionals. Other major contributors to achieve HCV elimination are lack of effective drugs and delayed regulatory approvals combined with compromised monitoring by health authorities and lack of robust epidemiological data. Efforts are needed to educate the public about the modes of transmission and prevention of HCV infection, and massively upscale screening along with treatment. There is a dire need to prevent more than 200,000 new infections that occur each year in Pakistan. Given the scale of the problem, it is very unlikely that the government alone can handle it.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus global health sector strategy hepatitis elimination national hepatitis strategic framework punjab hepatitis ordinance hepatitis diagnosis screening

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是什么因素导致了马尔代夫的性别不平等？

是什么因素导致了马尔代夫的性别不平等？

作者： Mizna waheed 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

Gender inequality has been recognized as a persisting issue in the Maldives that requires immediate attention for the country to ***,the purpose of this research paper is to investigate the barriers that hinder gender equality in the *** research also aims to find out the public’s experiences and perceptions in relation to gender（in）equality and to ascertain whether the existing laws,policies and other related efforts pertaining to gender equality are operating effectively or *** this end,theoretical approach of feminism and qualitative research were *** data was collected through a questionnaire that was completed by 270 participants and semi-structured open-ended interviews which were conducted with 20 *** data was mainly collected from international conventions,official reports,academic journals,books and news *** linking these data with one another,this research identifies 5 factors that contribute to gender inequality in the local *** are cultural,social,economic,psychological and institutional *** findings of this study further show that the current laws,policies and other efforts to ensure gender equality are not being implemented *** findings are expected to provide helpful insights into the issue to better understand the problem and how to successfully tackle *** order to overcome these challenging factors,this research lastly brings forward some recommendations that can be adopted to eliminate gender inequality in the *** such,it suggests to conduct awareness-raising activities within the public and the higher authorities,promote Islamic narrative on gender equality,ensure the implementation,monitoring and evaluation of existing policies and laws,introduce family-friendly employment policies,gendersensitize the school environment and provide support to victims accordingly.

关键词： Gender Gender(in)equality Women Maldives