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Effects of N_2/O_2 flow rate on the surface properties and biocompatibility of nano-structured TiO_xN_y thin films prepared by high vacuum magnetron sputtering

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第7期24卷 321-326页

作者： Sehrish Saleem R.Ahmad uzma ikhlaq R.Ayub Jin Wei Hong Xu Rui Zhen Li Peng Hui Khizra Abbas Paul K.Chu Department of Physics Government College University Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP) Government College University

NiTi shape memory alloys（SMA） have many biomedical applications due to their excellent mechanical and biocompatible properties. However, nickel in the alloy may cause allergic and toxic reactions, which limit some applications. In this work, titanium oxynitride films were deposited on NiTi samples by high vacuum magnetron sputtering for various nitrogen and oxygen gas flow rates. The x-ray diffraction（XRD） and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） results reveal the presence of different phases in the titanium oxynitride thin films. Energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS） elemental mapping of samples after immersion in simulated body fluids（SBF） shows that Ni is depleted from the surface and cell cultures corroborate the enhanced biocompatibility in vitro.

关键词： titanium oxynitride films magnetron sputtering biocompatibility

Energy-efficient removal of carbamazepine in solution by electrocoagulation-electrofenton using a novel P-rGO cathode

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 88-102页

作者： Zhihui Xiao Tingyu Cui Zhenbei Wang Yan Dang Meijie Zheng Yixinfei Lin Zilong Song YipingWang Chao Liu Bingbing Xu Amir ikhlaq Jolanta Kumirska Ewa Maria Siedlecka Fei Qi Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution School of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Jiangsu Key Lab of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental EngineeringXuzhou University of TechnologyXuzhou 221018China State Key Lab of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Institute of Environment Engineering and Research University of Engineering and TechnologyGT Road54890LahorePunjabPakistan Faculty of Chemistry University of GdanskWita Stwosza 6380-308 GdanskPoland

In this study,carbamazepine(CBZ)decay in solution has been studied by coupling electro-coagulation with electro-Fenton(EC-EF)with a novel P-rGO/carbon felt(CF)cathode,aiming to accelerate the in-situ generation of·OH,instead of adding Fe2+and ***,the fabri-cated P-rGO and its derived cathode were characterized by XRD,SEM,AFM,XPS and electro-chemical test(EIS,CV and LSV).Secondly,it was confirmed that the performance in removal efficiency and electric energy consumption(EEC)by EC-EF(kobs=0.124 min^(-1),EEC=43.98 kWh/kg CBZ)was better than EF(kobs=0.069 min^(-1),EEC=61.04 kWh/kg CBZ).Then,P-rGO/CF(kobs=0.248 min^(-1),EEC=29.47 kWh/kg CBZ,CE=61.04%)showed the best performance in EC-EF,among all studied heteroatom-doped graphene/*** superior performance may be associated with its largest layer spacing and richest C=C,which can promote the electron transfer rate and conductivity of the ***,more H2O2 and·OH could be produced to degrade CBZ,and almost 100%CBZ was removed with kobs being 0.337 min^(-1) and the EEC was only 24.18 kWh/kg CBZ,under the optimal conditions(P-rGO loading was 6.0 mg/cm^(2),the current density was 10.0 mA/cm^(2),the gap between electrode was 2.0 cm).Additionally,no matter the influent is acidic,neutral or alkaline,no additional pH adjustment is required for the effluent of *** last,an inconsecutive empirical kinetic model was firstly estab-lished to predict the effect of operating parameters on CBZ removal.

关键词： Carbamazepine Electro-fenton Electrocoagulation Empirical kinetic model P-rGO

Nitriding molybdenum: Effects of duration and fill gas pressure when using 100-Hz pulse DC discharge technique

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第10期23卷 349-356页

作者： U.ikhlaq R.Ahmad M.Shafiq S.Saleem M.S.Shah T.Hussain I.A.Khan K.Abbas M.S.Abbas Department of Physics Government College University Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP) Government College University Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Physics GC University Faisalabad

Molybdenum is nitrided by a 100-Hz pulsed DC glow discharge technique for various time durations and fill gas pressures to study the effects on the surface properties of molybdenum. X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and atomic force microscopy （AFM） are used for the structural and morphological analysis of the nitrided layers. Vickers＇ microhardness tester is utilized to investigate surface microhardness. Phase analysis shows the formation of more molybdenum nitride molecules for longer nitriding durations at fill gas pressures of 2 mbar and 3 mbar （1 bar = 105 Pa）. A considerable increase in surface microhardness （approximately by a factor of 2） is observed for longer duration （10 h） and 2-mbar pressure. Longer duration （10 h） and 2-mbar fill gas pressure favors the formation of homogeneous, smooth, hard layers by the incorporation of more nitrogen.

关键词： pulsed DC glow discharge scanning electron microscopy atomic force microscopy microhard-ness

The Homotopy Analysis Method for Approximating of Giving Up Smoking Model in Fractional Order

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第8期3卷 914-919页

作者： Anwar Zeb M. ikhlaq Chohan Gul Zaman Buraimi University College Department of Business Administration and Accounting Al-Buraimi Oman Department of Mathematics University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (Lower) Khyber Pakhtunkhawa Pakistan

In this paper, we consider the giving up smoking model. First, we present the giving up smoking model in fractional order. Then the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is employed to compute an approximate and analytical solution of the model in fractional order. The obtained results are compaired with those obtained by forth order Runge-Kutta method and nonstandard numerical method in the integer case. Finally, we present some numerical results.

关键词： Fractional Differential Equations Epidemic Model Homotopy Analysis Method

A novel insight of degradation ibuprofen in aqueous by catalytic ozonation with supported catalyst:Supports effect on ozone mass transfer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第11期145卷 216-231页

作者： Zizheng Huangfu Wei Ju Yunhan Jia Ruijun Ren Zhenbei Wang Chen Li Xiaomeng Shang Yujie Li Hongnan Liu YuWang Hao Zheng Fei Qi Amir ikhlaq Jolanta Kumirska Ewa Maria Siedlecka Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Forestry University Science Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China Institute of Environment Engineering and Research University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Department of Environmental Analysis Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of GdanskWita Stwosza 6380-308Poland

Catalytic ozonation is an effective wastewater purification ***,the low ozone mass transfer in packed bubble columns leads to low ozone utilization efficiency(OUE),poor organic degradation performance,and high energy ***,there is an urgent need to develop efficient supported catalysts that can enhancemass transfer and ***,the reaction mechanism of the support on ozone mass transfer remains unclear,which hinders the development of catalytic ozonation *** this study,lava rocks(LR)-supported catalysts,specifically CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR and MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR,were proposed for catalytic ozonation of IBP degradation due to their superior catalytic activity,stability,and high *** of CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR or MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR increased IBP removal efficiency from 85%to 91%or 88%,and reduced energy consumption from 2.86 to 2.14 kWh/m^(3)or 2.60 kWh/m^(3),*** improvement was attributed to LRsupported catalysts enhancing mass transfer and promoting O3 decomposition to generate•OH and•O_(2)^(−),leading to IBP ***,this study investigated the effects of ozone dose,supporter sizes,and catalyst components on ozone-liquid mass *** results revealed that the size of the supporter influenced stacked porosity and consequently affected ozone mass ***-sized LR(kLa=0.172 min^(−1))exhibited better mass transfer compared to smaller-sized *** on these findings,it was concluded that both CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR and MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR are potential catalysts for catalytic ozonation in residual IBP degradation of pharmaceutical wastewater,and LR showed good credibility as a catalyst *** the effects of supporters and active components on ozone mass transfer provides a fundamental principle for designing supported catalysts in catalytic ozonation applications.

关键词： Catalytic ozonation Lava rocks Overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient Supported catalyst

Some Exact Solutions of Generalized Jeffrey Fluid Using N-Transform

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2017年第4期7卷 402-412页

作者： Amir Khan Gul Zaman Saeed Ahmad M. ikhlaq Chohan Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Swat Swat Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Malakand Lower Dir Pakistan Department of Business Administration and Accounting Buraimi University College Al-Buraimi Oman

In this paper, we presents some new exact solutions corresponding to three unsteady flow problems of a generalized Jeffrey fluid produced by a flat plate between two side walls perpendicular to the plate. The fractional calculus approach is used in the governing equations. The exact solutions are established by means of the Fourier sine transform and N-transform. The series solutions of velocity field and associated shear stress in terms of Fox H-function, satisfying all imposed initial and boundary conditions, have been obtained. The similar solutions for ordinary Jeffrey fluid, performing the same motion, appear as limiting case of the solutions are also obtained. Also, the obtained results are analyzed graphically through various pertinent parameters.

关键词： Generalized Jeffrey Fluid Fractional Derivatives Fox H-Functions N-Transform

Optimal Campaign in Leptospirosis Epidemic by Multiple Control Variables

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第11期3卷 1655-1663页

作者： Muhammad Altaf Khan Gul Zaman Saeed Islam Muhammad ikhlaq Chohan Department of Business Administration and Accounting Buraimi University College Al-Buraimi Oman Department of Mathematics Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Malakand Chakdara Lower Dir District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

In this paper, we consider a leptospirosis epidemic model to implement optimal campaign by using multiple control variables. First, we show the existence of the control problem. Then we derive the conditions under which it is optimal to eradicate the leptospirosis infection and examine the impact of a possible educatioal/vaccinaction campaign using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle. We completely characterize the optimal control problem and compute the numerical solution of the optimality system using an iterative method. The results obtained from the numerical simulations of the model show that a possible educational/vaccinaction combined with effective treatment regime would reduce the spread of the leptospirosis infection appreciably.

关键词： Mathematical Model Optimal Control Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle Numerical Results