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European and Far East Mistletoes: Potential in Adjuvant Cancer Therapy

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Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science 2008年第5期6卷 284-285页

作者： uwe PFüLLER Udo SCHUMACHER University Hamburg Universittsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE)Institute of Anatomy ⅡExperimental MorphologyHamburg 20246Germany

Semiparasitic plants, mistletoes, distributed in Europe and East-Asia mainly, China, Korea and Japan have long been recognised as therapeutic herbs. Since the 1920s, extracts from European mistletoe （Viscum album L） have been popular in Europe as an unconventional cancer treatment. These extracts have been used in adjuvant cancer therapy because their immunostimulatory, cytostatic/cytotoxic and DNA stabilising activities. The main biological activities are addressed to sugar binding proteins, the Mistletoe Lectins, and to micro proteins named viscotoxins. The mistletoe lectins are members of the family of toxic lectins and recognize sugars and glycoconjugates containing galactose and/or N-acetyl-galactosamine groups. In vitro and in vivo assays confirm that the mistletoe lectins, isolated from the plant and compared with recombinant forms, play an important role as biologically active principles in mistletoe extracts. Limited experimental evidence indicates that other components like glycosides, polysaccharides, amines etc, may also have anticancer activity. Under discussion in Europe is the principal question of using holo plant extracts or single component lectin preparations： wild type lectins or recombinant ones in cancer therapy. Finally problems of preparation, characterization and standardization of commercial mistletoe preparations and evaluation of biological activities are discussed.

关键词： Neoplasms, Second Primary Lectins Colored Mistletoe Herb

Trace metal concentrations in hairs of three bat species from an urbanized area in Germany

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第5期27卷 184-193页

作者： Lucie Flache Sezin Czarnecki Rolf-Alexander Düring uwe Kierdorf Jorge A.Encarna??o Mammalian Ecology Group Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics Justus Liebig University Giessen Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation Justus Liebig University Giessen Department of Biology University of Hildesheim

Metal-contaminated soils and sediments are widespread in urbanized areas due to atmospheric deposition close to emission sources. These metals are bio-available for organisms, e.g., insects, and accumulate in food chains of insectivorous *** bats, which live in urban regions and ingest large amounts of food relative to their body mass, are at risk of being poisoned due to the accumulation of trace metals. To determine species-specific trace metal contents in bats from urban environments, hair samples were analyzed by ICP-OES. Observed trace metal concentrations were related to species-specific foraging habitat, prey spectrum and degree of synanthropy. The species studied were Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Myotis daubentonii and Nyctalus noctula. P. pipistrellus showed the highest concentrations of lead and zinc and slightly higher concentrations of cadmium than the other two species, which was related to its high degree of synanthropy with foraging habitat mostly located in cities. In contrast, N. noctula displayed the highest contents of manganese and copper. The reason might be found in its prey spectrum, as N. noctula feeds mainly on beetles that are caught in cultured areas. Trace metal concentrations determined in hair samples of M. daubentonii ranged between the values of P. pipistrellus and N. noctula, probably reflecting an intermediate level of *** correlations were observed between the concentrations of cadmium and lead and those of manganese and copper. Hair samples from bats are suitable monitoring tools to study trace metal exposure and can be used to determine differences in trace metal levels between species.

关键词： Trace metals Urban bats Foraging habitat Prey spectrum Synanthropy ICP-OES

Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of global phosphorus use: focus on root and rhizosphere levels in the agronomic system

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019年第4期6卷 357-365页

作者： uwe LUDEWIG Lixing YUAN Gunter NEUMANN Crop Science Institute Nutritional Crop Physiology(340h)University of HohenheimFruwirthstr.20D-70593 StuttgartGermany National Academy of Agriculture Green Development Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Phosphorus(P)is essential for life and for efficient crop production,but global P use with limited recycling is inefficient in several sectors,including ***,plant physiologists,agronomists,farmers and end users employ different measures for P use efficiency(PUE),which often masks their values at different *** term P use effectiveness,which also considers energetic and sustainability measures in addition to P balances,is also a valuable *** physiological and genetic factors for plant P uptake and utilization have been identified,but there has been limited success in genetically improving PUE of modern crop *** maize,studies on root architectural and morphological traits appear *** processes assist in mobilizing and capturing sparingly soluble phosphate from rock *** of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms with ammonium-based nitrogen fertilizer,as well as strategies of fertilizer placement near the roots of target crops,can moderately enhance *** desired concentration of P in the products differs,depending on the final use of the crop products as feed,food or for energy conversion,which should be considered during crop production.

关键词： acquisition efficiency plant growth promoting rhizobacteria phosphate use efficiency utilization efficiency

A simple guideline to apply excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy(EEMs)for the characterization of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in anoxic marine sediments

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第1期42卷 109-119页

作者： Shuchai Gan Verena BHeuer Frauke Schmidt Lars Wörmer Kai-uwe Hinrichs MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences University of BremenBremenD-28359Germany

Marine sediments represent a major carbon reservoir on *** organic matter(DOM)in pore waters accumulates products and intermediates of carbon cycling in *** application of excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy(EEMs)in the analysis of subseafloor DOM samples is largely unexplored due to the redox-sensitive matrix of anoxic pore ***,this study aims to investigate the interference caused by the matrix on EEMs and propose a guideline to prepare pore water samples from anoxic marine *** parameters determined by fluorescence spectra include 3D-index derived from EEMs after parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC),fluorescence index(FI)(contribution of terrigenous DOM),biological index(BIX)and humification index(HIX)derived from 2D emission ***,we investigated the impacts of extensively-presented ions as typical electron acceptors,which are utilized by anaerobic microbes and stratified in marine sediments:Fe(II),Fe(III),Mn(II)and sulfide in anoxic pore water resulted in biases of fluorescent *** proposed threshold concentrations of these ions when the interference on EEMs *** removal of sulfide from sulfide-rich samples could be achieved by flushing with N_(2)for 2 ***,the tests based on DOM standard were further verified using pristine samples from marine *** was a significant change in the fluorescence spectra of DOM in anoxic sediments from the Rhône *** study demonstrated that the change was caused by oxidation of the matrix rather than the intrinsic alteration of *** was confirmed by extracted DOM via both EEMs analysis and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS).Slight oxidation of sulfur-containing compounds(e.g.,sulfhydryl)and polyphenol-like compounds ***,a sample preparation sequence is proposed for pore water from anoxic *** method enables measurement with small volumes of the sample(e.g.,50µL in this study)an

关键词： marine subsurface sediment EEMs PARAFAC FT-ICR-MS anaerobic pore water

An uncommon cause of gastro-duodenal ulceration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第16期14卷 2593-2595页

作者： Sebastian Mallach uwe Ramp Andreas Erhardt Marcus Schmitt Dieter Hussinger Klinik für Gastroenterologie Hepatologie und Infektiologie Heinrich-Heine-Universitt Düsseldorf Moorenstr. 5 Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany Institut für Pathologie Heinrich-Heine-Universitt Düsseldorf Moorenstr. 5 Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany

Gastrointestinal ulcers occur frequently and are mainly caused by H pylori infection. In this report, we present a rare case of gastro-duodenal ulcer following selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT). SIRT is a palliative treatment for unresectable liver tumours. During SIRT, 90Y-microspheres are infused into the hepatic artery. Pre- treatment evaluation for the presence of arterial shunts to neighbouring organs should be determined in order to avoid complications of SIRT.

关键词： Selective internal radiation therapy Duodenalulcer Colon carcinoma Hepatic metastases Gastroscopy

Stress-activated kinases as therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第30期27卷 4963-4984页

作者： Benno Traub Aileen Roth Marko Kornmann uwe Knippschild Joachim Bischof Department of General and Visceral Surgery Ulm University HospitalUlm 89081Germany

Pancreatic cancer is a dismal disease with high incidence and poor survival *** the aim to improve overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients,new therapeutic approaches are urgently *** kinases are key regulatory players in basically all stages of development,maintaining physiologic functions but also being involved in pathogenic processes.c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNK)and p38 kinases,representatives of the mitogen-activated protein kinases,as well as the casein kinase 1(CK1)family of protein kinases are important mediators of adequate response to cellular stress following inflammatory and metabolic stressors,DNA damage,and *** their physiologic roles,they are responsible for the regulation of cell cycle progression,cell proliferation and differentiation,and *** of the underlying pathways consequently has been identified in various cancer types,including pancreatic *** targeting of those pathways has been the field of interest for several *** success in earlier studies was limited due to lacking specificity and off-target effects,more recent improvements in small molecule inhibitor design against stress-activated protein kinases and their use in combination therapies have shown promising in vitro ***,targeting of JNK,p38,and CK1 protein kinase family members may actually be of particular interest in the field of precision medicine in patients with highly deregulated kinase pathways related to these ***,further studies are warranted,especially involving in vivo investigation and clinical trials,in order to advance inhibition of stress-activated kinases to the field of translational medicine.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Stress-activated protein kinases Mitogen-activated protein kinases c-Jun N-terminal kinases Casein kinase 1 Small molecule inhibitor

Effects of yttria content on the CMAS infiltration resistance of yttria stabilized thermal barrier coatings system

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第8期36卷 74-83页

作者： Juan JGomez Chavez Ravisankar Naraparaju Peter Mechnich Klemens Kelm uwe Schulz C.V.Ramana University of Texas at El Paso Department of Mechanical EngineeringEl PasoTX79968USA German Aerospace Center(DLR) Institute of Materials ResearchCologne51170Germany

The effects of YO(1.5)doping in yttria-zirconia based thermal barrier coatings(TBCs)against CMAS interaction/infiltration are *** TBCs with an YO(1.5)content ranging from 43–67 mol.%(balance Zr O2)were produced by electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD)*** results reveal a trend of higher apatite formation probability with the higher free YO(1.5)available in the yttriazirconia ***,the infiltration resistance and amount of consumed coating appears to be strongly dependent on the YO(1.5)content in the *** thinnest reaction layer and lowest infiltration was found for the highest produced 67 YO(1.5)*** XRD experiments with volcanic ash/YO(1.5)powder mixtures with higher yttria contents than in the coatings(80 YO(1.5)and pure YO(1.5))also showed higher apatite formation with respect to increasing yttria *** threshold composition to promote apatite-based reaction products was found to be around 50 YO(1.5)in zirconia which was proved in the coatings and XRD powder *** YO(1.5)-ZrO2-Fe O-TiO2 bearing zirconolite-type phase was formed as a reaction product for all the coating compositions which implicates that TiO2 in the melt acts as a trigger for zirconolite *** phase could be detrimental for CMAS/volcanic ash infiltration resistance since it can be formed alongside with apatite which controls or limits the amount of Y^(3+)available for glass *** Fe rich garnet phase containing all the possible elements exhibited a slower nucleation compared to apatite and its growth was enhanced with slow cooling *** implications of phase stability and heat treatment effects on the reaction products are discussed for tests performed at 1250°C.

关键词： CMAS Volcanic ash Infiltration Electron beam physical vapor deposition Thermal barrier coating

Evolution of endoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy （EERPE）： technique and outcome

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 278-284页

作者： Jens-uwe Stolzenburg Odysseas Andrikopoulos Panagiotis Kallidonis Iason Kyriazis Minh Do Evangelos Liatsikos Department of Urology University of LeipzigLeipzig D-04103Germany Department of Urology University of PatrasRioPatras 26500Greece

Endoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy （EERPE） is a well-established and standardized technique for treating patients with localized prostate cancer. Nevertheless, the procedure is continuously being refined with the expansion of anatomical knowledge. The development of a nerve-sparing approach and improvements in currently used equipment are expected to yield better results in cosmesis and convalescence without sacrificing the procedure＇s established benefits in terms of potency, continence and oncological management. In this study, the technique and its evolution are presented in detail, along with an analysis of its clinical efficacy. We also consult the literature to compare EERPE to transperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, and we also discuss new technical advancements regarding the use of robotic assistance during EERPE.

关键词： extraperitoneal laparoscopy prostate cancer radical prostatectomy robotic assistance

Techno-economic evaluation of a biogas-based oxidative coupling of methane process for ethylene production

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 598-618页

作者： Alberto T.Penteado Mijin Kim Hamid R.Godini Erik Esche Jens-uwe Repke Process Dynamics and Operations Group Technische Universitat BerlinD-10623 BerlinGermany

This contribution is a preliminary techno-economic assessment of a biogas-based oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) process. Biogas is frequently utilized as a renewable energy source within small scale combined heat and power plants or as a natural gas substitute. The activation of methane also enables its utilization as a feedstock to produce chemicals. In this sense, the OCM process allows for the direct conversion of methane into ethylene, which is a major building block for the chemical and polymer industries. Biogas resulting from the anaerobic digestion of vinasse, a liquid effluent from bioethanol industry, is treated for contaminant removal and its methane content is converted into ethylene, which is then purified as the main product. The biogas cleaning process is assessed based on literature data, while an experimentally validated simulation model is used to assess the OCM process. A techno-economic evaluation is then performed through a Monte Carlo simulation, wherein uncertain parameters take random values between reasonable bounds. The net present value results positive in 74% of the cases, indicating that the project is profitable under a wide range of scenarios. Some performance improvement opportunities have been identified and highlighted to guide future studies in the topic.

关键词： biogas conversion ethylene production oxidative coupling of methane feasibility study