检索结果-南通市图书馆

Starchy and fibrous feedstuffs differ in their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and differently modulate gut microbiota of swine

引用

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1402-1412页

作者： utsav p.tiwari Rabindra K.Mandal Kabi Raj Neupane Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa1955 East-West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianaUSA Math and Sciences Division Leeward community collegePearl CityHI 96782USA

Background:Alternative feedstuffs may contribute to reducing feed costs of pig *** these feedstuffs are typically rich in fiber and resistant starch(RS).Dietary fibers and RS are fermented in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)and modulate the microbial *** microbes in the GIT can promote host health,depending on the type of fermentation substrates *** this study,six alternative feedstuffs(three starchy:Okinawan sweet potato,OSp;yam,and taro,and three fibrous:wheat millrun,WMR;barley brewers grain,BBG;and macadamia nut cake,MNC)were evaluated for their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and their effects on pig’s hindgut microbial *** 2 steps of enzymatic digestion assay,residues were fermented using fresh pig feces as microbial inoculum,and gas production was recorded periodically for 72 h and modeled for fermentation *** fermentation,the residual liquid phase was analyzed for short-chain fatty acid(SCFA),and the solid phase was used to determine the nutrient’s digestibility and microbial ***:In vitro ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy was higher in starchy than fibrous *** gas and SCFA production were significantly higher(ppropionate production was significantly higher(ppha diversity was not significantly different within and between starchy and fibrous *** diversity(measured using bray Curtis dissimilarity distance)of starchy feedstuffs was significantly different(ppes of microbes,whereas fibrous feedstuffs resulted in a more diverse microbial *** alternative feedstuffs may exert comparable beneficial effects,thus may be included in swine diets to improve gut health.

关键词： Fermentation Fiber Gut health Microbial diversity Starch Swine

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Fermentation characteristics of resistant starch, arabinoxylan, andβ-glucan and their effects on the gut microbial ecology of pigs:A review

引用

Animal Nutrition 2019年第3期5卷 217-226页

作者： utsav p.tiwari Amit K.Singh Rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences College of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa

Dietary fibers(DF)contain an abundant amount of energy,although the mammalian genome does not encode most of the enzymes required to degrade ***,a mutual dependence is developed between the host and symbiotic microbes,which has the potential to extract the energy present in these *** fibers escape digestion in the foregut and are fermented in the hindgut,producing shortchain fatty acids(SCFA)that after the microbial ecology in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)of *** of the carbohydrates are fermented in the proximal part,allowing protein fermentation in the distal part,resulting in colonic *** structures of resistant starch(RS),arabinoxylan(AX),and β-glucan(βG)are complex;hence,makes their way into the hindgut where these are fermented and provide energy substrates for the colonic epithelial *** microbes have different preferences of binding to different *** RS,AX and βG act as a unique substrate for the microbes and modify the relative composition of the gut microbial *** granule dimension and surface area of each substrate are different,which influences the penetration capacity of *** and xylan are 2 different hemicelluloses,but arabinose is substituted on the xylan backbone and occurs in the form of *** of xylan produces butyrate primarily in the small intestine,whereas arabinose produces butyrate in the large *** of RS and forms of βG also exert beneficial effects by producing different metabolites and modulating the intestinal ***,it is important to have information of different types of RS,AX and(3 G and their roles in microbial modulation to get the optimum benefits of fiber fermentation in the *** review provides relevant information on the similarities and differences that exist in the way RS,AX,and βG are fermented,and their positive and negative effects on SCFA production and gut microbial ecology of *** insights will help nutr

关键词： Butyrate Fermentation Gut ecology Microbiota Short-chain fatty acids Swine

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nutrient profile and digestibility of tubers and agro-industrial coproducts determined using an in vitro model of swine

引用

Animal Nutrition 2016年第4期2卷 357-360页

作者： utsav p.tiwari Rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources University of Hawaii at Manoa

Exploring and evaluating alternative feed ingredients to be used in swine diet is essential due to highly variable cost and limited availability of conventional feed ingredients. Tubers and agro-industrial coproducts could provide the basis for producing affordable swine feed. However, information on the nutritional value of these potential alternative feedstuffs is necessary while considering their use in swine feeding program. Four tubers(purple sweet potato [pSp], okinawan sweet potato, taro and cassava) and 3 coproducts(okara, wheat millrun [WMR] and barley brewers grain [BBG]) were analyzed for their proximate nutrients, starch, fibers and gross energy(GE) content. Two independent in vitro studies were carried out for tubers and coproducts to determine their nutrients digestibility using a 3-step enzymatic assay(which mimics the digestion occurring in the gastrointestinal tract of swine) with 9 replicates of each sample digested in 3 batches equally. All replicate samples were used to determine in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDDM) while 2 replicates from each batch were used to determine in vitro GE digestibility(IVDGE). Among tubers, Cp content was the highest in taro(8.8%) and the lowest in cassava(3.7%), while Cp content among coproducts was the highest in okara(22.7%) and the lowest in WMR(11.8%). Ether extract content among tubers ranged from 1.1% to 2.8%. The GE content among tubers, ranged from 4,134 to 4,334 kcal/kg whereas among coproducts it ranged from 4,270 to 4,794 kcal/kg. Among tubers, IVDDM for pSp was significantly higher(86.8%, p products, IVDDM of okara(74.1%) was significantly higher(p products can be used as a partial substitute of conventional energy feedstuffs in swine diets as these are rich in GE and other nutrients and are fairly digestible.

关键词： Alternative feedstuffs Coproducts In vitro digestibility Swine Tubers

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Bayesian multi-model inference methodology for imprecise momentindependent global sensitivity analysis of rock structures

引用

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 840-859页

作者： Akshay Kumar Gaurav tiwari Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)KanpurKanpur208016India

Traditional global sensitivity analysis(GSA)neglects the epistemic uncertainties associated with the probabilistic characteristics(*** of distribution type and its parameters)of input rock properties emanating due to the small size of datasets while mapping the relative importance of properties to the model *** paper proposes an augmented Bayesian multi-model inference(BMMI)coupled with GSA methodology(BMMI-GSA)to address this issue by estimating the imprecision in the momentindependent sensitivity indices of rock structures arising from the small size of input *** methodology employs BMMI to quantify the epistemic uncertainties associated with model type and parameters of input *** estimated uncertainties are propagated in estimating imprecision in moment-independent Borgonovo’s indices by employing a reweighting approach on candidate probabilistic *** proposed methodology is showcased for a rock slope prone to stress-controlled failure in the Himalayan region of *** proposed methodology was superior to the conventional GSA(neglects all epistemic uncertainties)and Bayesian coupled GSA(B-GSA)(neglects model uncertainty)due to its capability to incorporate the uncertainties in both model type and parameters of *** Borgonovo’s indices estimated via proposed methodology provide the confidence intervals of the sensitivity indices instead of their fixed-point estimates,which makes the user more informed in the data collection *** performed with the varying sample sizes suggested that the uncertainties in sensitivity indices reduce significantly with the increasing sample *** accurate importance ranking of properties was only possible via samples of large ***,the impact of the prior knowledge in terms of prior ranges and distributions was significant;hence,any related assumption should be made carefully.

关键词： Bayesian inference Multi-model inference Statistical uncertainty Global sensitivity analysis(GSA) Borgonovo’s indices Limited data

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

膳食纤维与单胃动物肠道健康

引用

中国饲料添加剂 2019年第9期 25-32页

作者：张洪丽(译) Rajesh Jha Janelle M.Fouhse utsav p.tiwari 青岛科技大学山东化工研究院济南250014 不详

动物的生长性能、生产性能、饲料效率以及整体健康水平,在很大程度上都依赖于肠道健康。由于不使用抗生素生长促进剂(AGp)引起了饲料法规以及动物生产系统的变化,因此有必要确定一种新颖有效的优化肠道健康的策略。在饲用抗生素的替代品... 详细信息

动物的生长性能、生产性能、饲料效率以及整体健康水平,在很大程度上都依赖于肠道健康。由于不使用抗生素生长促进剂(AGp)引起了饲料法规以及动物生产系统的变化,因此有必要确定一种新颖有效的优化肠道健康的策略。在饲用抗生素的替代品中,膳食纤维(DF)在单胃动物日粮中的应用已经取得了一定的成功。替代饲料原料及副产品通常富含纤维,可用于动物日粮中,以降低饲料成本和优化肠道健康。膳食纤维是天然存在的化合物,具有多种成分,存在于所有植物性饲料中。膳食纤维促进肠道细菌的生长,在小肠和大肠远端发酵成短链脂肪酸,对免疫系统发挥有益作用。给母畜添加膳食纤维是一种新的策略,对后代动物的微生物和免疫发育具有有益的调节作用。膳食纤维改善肠道健康的一个机制是维持肠道厌氧环境,从而防止兼性厌氧病原体的繁殖。在对猪和家禽进行的研究表明,基于膳食纤维的不同类型、不同组成和理化性质,其发酵特性及对肠道健康的有益影响差异很大。因此,了解不同类型的膳食纤维及其在优化肠道健康方面的作用非常重要。本篇综述将提供有关单胃动物营养中使用不同类型的膳食纤维及其对肠道健康的贡献方面的信息和更新,包括微生物学、发酵特性以及先天和适应性免疫反应。

关键词：膳食纤维肠道健康肠道微生态免疫营养策略猪禽基因表达

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

EpQ model with the effect of inflation and reliability for partial trade credit under fuzzy and cloudy fuzzy environment

引用

Journal of Management Analytics 2024年第1期11卷 110-134页

作者： Supriya tiwari Kunal Shah Kajal Bhimani Department of Science and Humanities Apollo Institute of Engineering&TechnologyGTUAhmedabadIndia Department of Mathematics SMMPISRKadi Sarva VishwavidyalayaGandhinagarIndia AVAerials 401 Swarnim Business Hub-1 New Chamunda SocietyGodrej Garden CityGotaAhmedabadIndia

The proposed study offers the first-of-its-kind economic production quantity model for deteriorating items having a demand rate to be price dependent under the effect of inflation and reliability with partial trade *** model is extended under an uncertain environment by assuming inventory parameters to be triangular fuzzy numbers and cloudy triangular fuzzy *** objective of the study is to maximize the profit of the inventory system and to identify the most suitable environment for the proposed *** are verified using the numerical ***,the comparative study is presented to justify the nature of fuzzy and cloudy fuzzy *** analysis under all environments is conducted to identify the most sensitive parameters of all.

关键词： EpQ partial trade credit inflation reliability triangular fuzzy number cloudy triangular fuzzy number

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Impacts of road on plant invasions in the Middle Mountain region of central Nepal

引用

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 619-632页

作者： Ananda ADHIKARI Adarsha SUBEDI Achyut tiwari Bharat Babu SHRESTHA Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipur 44618Nepal

Biological invasion is triggered by human development activities such as the construction and expansion of road *** verges serve as important habitats and corridors for the distribution of invasive alien plant species(IApS)between geographically distant ***,the trajectory of plant invasion and the data regarding the impact of roads on IApS distribution are relatively poor in ***,we surveyed two road types(main roads and feeder road)in the Middle Mountain region of central Nepal in order to investigate how different road types are driving the dispersal of IApS along road verges and the adjacent natural *** sampling was conducted at ca 2.5 km intervals along the *** each sampling site,paired plots(25 m×4 m)were sampled:one adjacent to and along the road,and another 20 m away and parallel to it in the interior *** results revealed that the main road verges had a higher cover(33%)and a larger number of IApS(14 species)than the feeder road(25%;10 species).The IApS cover and richness were significantly higher along verges than in the adjacent interior habitats for both road types,indicating that roads are contributing as corridors for the dispersal of IApS in the Middle Mountain areas of central ***,elevation,tree canopy,and disturbances(grazing/mowing/trampling)were found to be the key factors that determine spatial distribution of IApS along road *** emphasize that regular monitoring of vegetation along the road verges can help with the early detection and control of potential IApS in the region before they become problematic.

关键词： Biological invasions Dispersal corridor Invasive alien plants Transport infrastructure Himalayan mountains

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Dt1-SWEET10a partner:photoperiodic control of seed weight in soybean

引用

Molecular plant 2024年第6期17卷 839-841页

作者： Li-Qing Chen Lalit Dev tiwari Department of plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Institute for Sustainability Energyand EnvironmentUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Seed weight and size are critical agronomic traits essential for determining yield and composition,receiving significant attention throughout domestication(Meyer et al.,2012).Seed weight serves as a reliable indicator of average seed size due to their positive *** of seed weight involves both developmental and environmental cues,affecting cell proliferation or expansion(Li et al.,2019).

关键词： soybean SWEET1 weight

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed:current perspectives,risks and future prospects

引用

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 463-489页

作者： Ailbhe McGurrin Julie Maguire Brijesh K.tiwari Marco Garcia-Vaquero Section of Food and Nutrition School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublin 4BelfieldIreland TEAGASC Food Research CentreDublin 15AshtownIreland Bantry Marine Research Station Ltd BantryCo.CorkP75 AX07GearhiesIreland

With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17%of total methane emissions worldwide,there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this *** of the proposed strategies is ruminant feed intervention studies focused on the inclusion of anti-methanogenic compounds which are those capable of interacting with the rumen microbiome,reducing the capacity of ruminal microorganisms to produce ***,seaweeds have been investigated for their ability to reduce methane in ruminants in vitro and in vivo,with the greatest methane abatement reported when using the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis(attributed to the bromoform content of this species).From the literature analysis in this study,levels of up to 99%reduction in ruminant methane emissions have been reported from inclusion of this seaweed in animal feed,although further in vivo and microbiome studies are required to confirm these results as other reports showed no effect on methane emission resulting from the inclusion of seaweed to basal *** review explores the current state of research aiming to integrate seaweeds as anti-methanogenic feed additives,as well as examining the specific bioactive compounds within seaweeds that are likely to be related to these *** effects of the inclusion of seaweeds on the ruminal microbiome are also reviewed,as well as the future challenges when considering the largescale inclusion of seaweeds into ruminant diets as anti-methanogenic agents.

关键词： Asparagopsis Bromoform Methanogenesis phlorotannin Saponin Tannin

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

patterns,Causes and perceptions of Human-Large Carnivore Conflict in the Chitwan National park,Nepal

引用

Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第4期15卷 838-849页

作者： parwati tiwari Bishnu prasad BHATTARAI Jagan Nath ADHIKARI Binod BHATTARAI Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Zoology Birendra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityChitwan 44200Nepal Nepal Zoological Society Kathmandu 44600Nepal

One of the major management problems in and around protected areas is the intensifying conflict between local people and wildlife,especially large *** depredation and human fatalities caused by attacks of carnivores are found to be serious obstacles in conflict *** study aims to explore the patterns,costs,causes and perceptions of human large carnivore conflict in the Nawalpur area of Chitwan National *** patterns of livestock loss and human casualties due to large carnivores(panthera tigris and panthera pardus)were analysed using the secondary data reported to Chitwan National park from 2001 to *** understand the people’s perception towards carnivores and wildlife conservation,150 victim respondents were asked,with one household selected from each *** 19-year study period,a total of 521 incidents caused by large carnivores were reported,which included 33 human casualties and 488 livestock *** was responsible for the maximum conflict incidents in *** total relief provided for human deaths and injuries was US$17524.41,whereas US$13702.18 was used to compensate for livestock depredation in the Nawalpur area by authorities of the Chitwan National *** than 64%of the respondents liked the presence of carnivores in their area and had a positive attitude toward the conservation of large carnivores,even though the carnivores were responsible for livestock depredation and human injury and ***’s satisfaction with the relief scheme provided by the government depended on ethnicity,gender,age class,occupation,education,insurance,and livestock ownership,but they believed the scheme was not ***,an effective relief scheme and awareness about the process of relief funding should be conducted in conflict *** awareness programs for local communities about large carnivores,their behavior,and preparing predator-proof corrals would be helpful in minimizing conflict in the study a

关键词： depredation human wildlife conflict leopard tiger relief fund

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：