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Small RNA Profiling Reveals Phosphorus Deficiency as a Contributing Factor in Symptom Expression for Citrus Huanglongbing Disease

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 301-310页

作者： Hongwei Zhao Ruobai Sun ute albrecht Chellappan Padmanabhan Airong Wanga Michael D. Coffey Thomas Girke Zonghua Wang Timothy J. Close Mikeal Roose Raymond K. Yokomi Svetlana Folimonova Georgios Vidalakis Robert Rouse Kim D. Bowman Hailing Jin Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Institute for Integrative Genome Biology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Present address: Department of Plant Pathology College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA US Horticultural Research Laboratory US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service 2001 South Rock Road Fort Pierce FL 34945 USA Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002-China San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Research Center US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service 9611 S. Riverbend Ave Parlier CA 93648 USA Citrus Research and Education Center University of Florida 700 Experiment Station Road Lake Alfred FL 33850 USA University of Florida 2685 State Road29 North immokaleel FL 34142 USA

Huanglongbing （HLB） is a devastating citrus disease that is associated with bacteria of the genus ＇Candidatus Liberibacter＇（Ca. L.）. Powerful diagnostic tools and management strategies are desired to control HLB. Host small RNAs （sRNA） play a vital role in regulating host responses to pathogen infection and are used as early diagnostic markers for many human diseases, including cancers. To determine whether citrus sRNAs regulate host responses to HLB, sRNAs were profiled from Citrus sinensis 10 and 14 weeks post grafting with Ca. L. asiaticus （Las）-positive or healthy tissue. Ten new microRNAs （miRNAs）, 76 conserved miRNAs, and many small interfering RNAs （siRNAs） were discovered. Several miRNAs and siRNAs were highly induced by Las infection, and can be potentially developed into early diagnosis markers of HLB. miR399, which is induced by phosphorus starvation in other plant species, was induced specifically by infection of Las but not Spiroplasma citri that causes citrus stubborn--a disease with symptoms similar to HLB. We found a 35% reduction of phosphorus in Las-positive citrus trees compared to healthy trees. Applying phosphorus oxyanion solutions to HLB-positive sweet orange trees reduced HLB symptom severity and significantly improved fruit production during a 3-year field trial in south-west Florida. Our molecular, physiological, and field data suggest that phosphorus deficiency is linked to HLB disease symptomology.

关键词： Huanglongbing small RNA miRNA399 disease diagnosis phosphorus deficiency.

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Comparative transcriptome analysis during early fruit development between three seedy citrus genotypes and their seedless mutants

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Horticulture Research 2017年第1期4卷 142-153页

作者： Shujian Zhang Qingchun Shi ute albrecht Robert G Shatters Jr Ric Stange Greg McCollum Shuo Zhang Chengming Fan Ed Stover U.S.horticultural research laboratory usda-arsft.pierce34945flusa Institute of genetics and developmental biology chinese academy of sciencesBeijing100101china Horticultural sciences department southwest florida research and education centeruniversity of FloridaimmokaleeFL 34142USA

Identification of genes with differential transcript abundance(GDTA)in seedless mutants may enhance understanding of seedless citrus development.Transcriptome analysis was conducted at three time points during early fruit development(Phase 1)of three seedy citrus genotypes:Fallglo(Bower citrus hybrid(Citrus reticulata×C.reticulata×C.paradisi)×Temple(C.reticulata×C.sinensis)),grapefruit(C.paradisi),Pineapple sweet orange(C.sinensis),and their seedless mutants.Seed abortion in seedless mutants was observed at 26 days post anthesis(Time point 2).Affymetrix transcriptomic analysis revealed 359 to 1077 probe sets with differential transcript abundance in the comparison of seedless versus seedy fruits for each citrus genotypes and time points.The GDTA identified by 18 microarray probe sets were validated by qPCR.Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed a range of GDTA associated with development,hormone and protein metabolism,all of which may reflect genes associated with seedless fruit development.There were 14,9 and 12 genes found exhibiting similar abundance ratios in all three seedless versus seedy genotype comparisons at time point 1,2 and 3,respectively.Among those genes were genes coding for an aspartic protease and a cysteine protease,which may play important roles in seedless fruit development.New insights into seedless citrus fruit development may contribute to biotech approaches to create seedless cultivars.

关键词： sinensis citrus cultivar

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Genome resequencing and transcriptome profiling reveal structural diversity and expression patterns of constitutive disease resistance genes in Huanglongbing-tolerant Poncirus trifoliata and its hybrids

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Horticulture Research 2017年第1期4卷 77-84页

作者： Nidhi Rawat Brajendra Kumar ute albrecht Dongliang Du Ming Huang Qibin Yu Yi Zhang Yong-Ping Duan Kim D Bowman Fred G Gmitter Jr Zhanao Deng University of Florida IFASGulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFLUSA Ocimum BioSolutions Ltd. Royal DemeurePlot no.12/2Sector-1HUDA Techno EnclaveMadhapurHyderabadIndia University of Florida IFASSouthwest Florida Research and Education CenterImmokaleeFLUSA University of Florida IFASCitrus Research and Education CenterLake AlfredFLUSA U.S.Department of Agriculture U.S.Horticultural Research LaboratoryAgricultural Research ServiceFort PierceFLUSA

Huanglongbing(HLB)is the most destructive bacterial disease of citrus worldwide.While most citrus varieties are susceptible to HLB,Poncirus trifoliata,a close relative of Citrus,and some of its hybrids with Citrus are tolerant to HLB.No specific HLB tolerance genes have been identified in P.trifoliata but recent studies have shown that constitutive disease resistance(CDR)genes were expressed at much higher levels in HLB-tolerant Poncirus hybrids and the expression of CDR genes was modulated by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus(CLas),the pathogen of HLB.The current study was undertaken to mine and characterize the CDR gene family in Citrus and Poncirus and to understand its association with HLB tolerance in Poncirus.We identified 17 CDR genes in two citrus genomes,deduced their structures,and investigated their phylogenetic relationships.We revealed that the expansion of the CDR family in Citrus seems to be due to segmental and tandem duplication events.Through genome resequencing and transcriptome sequencing,we identified eight CDR genes in the Poncirus genome(PtCDR1-PtCDR8).The number of SNPs was the highest in PtCDR2 and the lowest in PtCDR7.Most of the deletion and insertion events were observed in the UTR regions of Citrus and Poncirus CDR genes.PtCDR2 and PtCDR8 were in abundance in the leaf transcriptomes of two HLB-tolerant Poncirus genotypes and were also upregulated in HLB-tolerant,Poncirus hybrids as revealed by real-time PCR analysis.These two CDR genes seem to be good candidate genes for future studies of their role in citrus-CLas interactions.

关键词： Poncirus citrus Citrus

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Close Major-merger Pairs at z=0: Star-forming Galaxies with Pseudobulges

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 35-60页

作者：何川徐聪 ute Lisenfeld 戴昱方陶陶黄家声王炜余清正 Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos Universidad de Granada18071 GranadaSpain Instituto Carlos I de Física Téorica y Computacional Facultad de Ciencias18071 GranadaSpain Department of Astronomy Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

We present a study of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) with pseudobulges (bulges with Sérsic index n2σ) mean of specific star formation rate (sSFR) enhancement (sSFR_(enh)=0.33±0.07 versus sSFR_(enh)=0.12±0.06) and broader scatter (by~1 dex).The eight SFGs that have the highest sSFR_(enh)in the sample all have pseudobulges.A majority (69%) of paired SFGs with strong enhancement (having sSFR more than5 times the median of the control galaxies) have pseudobulges.The Spitzer data show that the pseudobulges in these galaxies are tightly linked to nuclear/circum-nuclear starbursts.Pseudobulge SFGs in S+S and in S+E pairs have significantly (>3σ) different sSFR enhancement,with the means of sSFR_(enh)=0.45±0.08 and-0.04±0.11respectively.We find a decrease in the sSFR enhancements with the density of the environment for SFGs with pseudobulges.Since a high fraction (5/11) of pseudobulge SFGs in S+E pairs are in rich groups/clusters (loca density N_(1Mpc)≥7),the dense environment might be the cause for their low s SFR_(enh).

关键词： galaxies evolution-galaxies interactions-galaxies star formation-galaxies structure-galaxies bulges-galaxies photometry

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Reconsidering the role of depression and common psychiatric disorders as partners in the type 2 diabetes epidemic

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1374-1380页

作者： Angelo Emilio Claro Clelia Palanza Marianna Mazza Alessandro Rizzi Andrea Corsello Linda Tartaglione Giuseppe Marano Giovanna Elsa ute Muti Schuenemann Marta Rigoni Alfredo Pontecorvi Luigi Janiri Paola Muti Dario Pitocco Diabetes Care Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy Istituto Italiano di Antropologia ISItARome 00100Italy Unit of Psychiatry Department of NeurosciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact DepartmentMcMaster UniversityOntario 1280Canada Department of Endocrine-Metabolic and Dermo-Rheumatology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

Common psychiatric disorders(CPDs)and depression contribute significantly to the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes(T2D).We postulated a possible pathophysiological mechanism that through Bridge-Symptoms present in depression and CPDs,promotes the establishment of emotional eating,activation of the reward system,onset of overweight and obesity and,ultimately the increased risk of developing T2D.The plausibility of the proposed pathophysiological mechanism is supported by the mechanism of action of drugs such as naltrexonebupropion currently approved for the treatment of both obesity/overweight with T2D and as separate active pharmaceutical ingredients in drug addiction,but also from initial evidence that is emerging regarding glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists that appear to be effective in the treatment of drug addiction.We hope that our hypothesis may be useful in interpreting the higher prevalence of CPDs and depression in patients with T2D compared with the general population and may help refine the integrated psychiatric-diabetic therapy approach to improve the treatment and or remission of T2D.

关键词： Depression Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Diabetes mellitus type 2 Stress psychological Sleep wake disorders Food addiction

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Zinc in plants:Integrating homeostasis and biofortification

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Molecular Plant 2022年第1期15卷 65-85页

作者： Camilla Stanton Dale Sanders ute Krämer Dorina Podar John Innes Centre Colney LaneNorwichNR47UHUK Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants Ruhr University Bochum44801 BochumGermany Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology and Centre for Systems Biology Biodiversity and BioresourcesBabes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

Zinc plays many essential roles in life.As a strong Lewis acid that lacks redox activity under environ-mental and cellular conditions,the Zn2+cation is central in determining protein structure and catalytic function of nearly 10%of most eukaryotic proteomes.While specific functions of zinc have been elucidated at a molecular level in a number of plant proteins,wider issues abound with respect to the acquisition and distribution of zinc by plants.An important challenge is to understand how plants balance between Zn supply in soil and their own nutritional requirement for zinc,particularly where edaphic factors lead to a lack of bioavailable zinc or,conversely,an excess of zinc that bears a major risk of phyto-toxicity.Plants are the ultimate source of zinc in the human diet,and human Zn deficiency accounts for over 400000 deaths annually.Here,we review the current understanding of zinc homeostasis in plants from the molecular and physiological perspectives.We provide an overview of approaches pursued so far in Zn biofortification of crops.Finally,we outline a"push-pull"model of zinc nutrition in plants as a simplifying concept.In summary,this review discusses avenues that can potentially deliver wider bene-fits for both plant and human Zn nutrition.

关键词： zinc biofortification Zn homeostasis cereals Arabidopsis barley wheat rice

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Polarity,intramolecular charge transfer,and hydrogen bond comediated solvent effects on the optical properties of graphene quantum dots

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 45-52页

作者： Yalei Hu Christof Neumann Lena Scholtz Andrey Turchanin ute Resch-Genger Siegfried Eigler Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität BerlinTakustraße 314195 BerlinGermany Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University JenaLessingstraße 1007743 JenaGermany Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing(BAM) Division BiophotonicsRichard Willstätter Straße 1112489 BerlinGermany

Graphene quantum dots(GQDs)have attracted increasing attention due to their favorable optical properties and have been widely used,e.g.,in the biomedical field.However,the properties related to the chemical structure of GQDs,resulting in solventdependent optical properties,still remain unclear.Herein,we present the synthesis of long-wavelength emitting GQDs with a size of about 3.6 nm via a solvothermal method using oxo-functionalized graphene(oxo-G)and p-phenylenediamine as precursors and their structural and surface chemical analysis by transmission electron and atomic force microscopy(TEM;AFM)as well as Fourier-transform infrared,Raman,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(FTIR;Raman;XPS).Subsequently,the influence of solvent polarity and proticity on the optical properties of the as-prepared GQDs bearing–OH,–NH_(2),–COOH and pyridine surface groups was investigated.Based on the results of the absorption and fluorescence(FL)studies,a possible luminescence mechanism is proposed.The observed solvent-induced changes in the spectral position of the FL maximum,FL quantum yield,and FL decay kinetics in protic and aprotic solvents of low and high polarity are ascribed to a combination of polarity effects,intramolecular charge transfer(ICT)processes,and hydrogen bonding.Moreover,the potential of GQDs for the optical sensing of trace amount of water was assessed.The results of our systematic spectroscopic study will promote the rational design of GQDs and shed more light on the FL mechanism of carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials.

关键词： graphene quantum dots(GQDs) polarity intramolecular charge transfer(ICT) hydrogen bond optical properties

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Condensation of pyrylium salts with mixed anhydrides:aryl ethers,aryl amines and sterically congested aromatics

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第2期9卷 294-298页

作者： Daniel Grabowski Susanne Alef Steven Becker ute Muller Gregor Schnakenburg Sigurd Hoger aKekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Str.153121 BonnGermany bInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Universität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Str.153121 BonnGermany

The condensation of easily accessible and widely functionalizable 2,4,6-triaryl pyrylium salts with mixed anhydrides,formed in situ fromα-functionalized sodium acetates and an anhydride solvent,leads in good yields to the corresponding 2,4,6-triaryl benzenes functionalized at their 1-position.4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride has been proven as being the solvent of choice and ortho-disubstituted diphenyl ethers,triphenyl amines and phenyl carbazoles with different functionalizations are synthesized.In addition,sterically hindered anthracene diacetate is condensed with two bis-bromophenyl pyrylium salts which leads after intramolecular Yamamoto coupling to bicyclophanes.In these,the anthracene core is surrounded by phenylenes and protected from photooxidation,leading to a highly stable blue emitting material.

关键词： material. anhydride salts

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Carbon nanotube-dependent synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 1709-1714页

作者： Yifan Zhang Kecheng Cao Takeshi Saito Hiromichi Kataura Hans Kuzmany Thomas Pichler ute Kaiser Guowei Yang Lei Shi State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Nanotechnology Research CenterGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Electron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUlm UniversityUlm 89081Germany School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech UniversityShanghai 201210China Nanomaterials Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukuba 305-8565Japan Faculty of Physics University of ViennaVienna 1090-AAustria

Sub-nanometer armchair graphene nanoribbons(GNRs)with moderate band gap have great potential towards novel nanodevices.GNRs can be synthesized in the confined tubular space of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs),in which precursor molecules have been specifically designed to form the GNRs with certain width and edge.However,it is still unexplored how the diameter and metallicity of SWCNTs influence the synthesis of the GNRs.Herein,we applied a series of SWCNTs with different average diameters to study the diameter-dependent synthesis of GNRs.By using Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy,we found that the width of the GNRs can be tailored by the diameter of the SWCNTs.Especially,the SWCNTs with average diameter of 1.3 nm produced 6 and 7 armchair GNRs with the highest yield,which can be well explained by considering the width of the GNRs and van der Waals radius of hydrogen and carbon atoms.In addition,semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs produced GNRs with different yields,which could attribute to different diameter distributions and density of defects.These results enable the possibility of a high-yield production of certain armchair graphene nanoribbons in large scale,which would benefit future applications as semiconductor with sub-nanometer in width.

关键词： armchair graphene nanoribbons single-walled carbon nanotubes Raman spectroscopy diameter dependence metallicity dependence

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Synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide nanoribbons using nano test tubes

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1282-1287页

作者： Luke T.Norman Johannes Biskupek Graham A.Ranee Craig T.Stoppiello ute Kaiser Andrei N.Khlobystov School of Chemistry University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Ulm UniversityAlbert Einstein-Allee 11Ulm 89081Germany Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK

The synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide(ReS_(2))nanoribbons within single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)has been established.Dirhenium decacarbonyl complex is encapsulated into the SWNTs to provide a source of confined rhenium atoms,which readily react with iodine to form discrete nm-sized clusters of rhenium iodide[Re_(6)l_(14)]^(2-) embedded in the nanotubes.The final step of the synthesis is accomplished by admitting hydrogen sulfide gas into nano test tubes,yielding twisted nanoribbons of rhenium disulfide encapsulated in carbon nanotubes,ReS_(2)@SWNTs.The width,structure,and composition of rhenium disulfide nanoribbons are strictly controlled by the extreme confinement of the host-SWNT.A holistic analytical approach combining complementary imaging and analysis methods is used at each synthetic step to elucidate the structure and composition of the guest material and reveal the role of the SWNT contributing towards the electronic interactions with encapsulated inorganic structures.As ReS_(2) nanoribbons are expected to retain the electronic properties of the bulk material,such as direct bandgap,the low dimensional form of this material can be of interest for use in nanoscale electronic devices.

关键词： nanotubes nanoribbons rhenium confinement microscopy spectroscopy

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