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Oxygen/Sulfur Atom Exchange Copolymerization of Carbon Disulfide and Propylene Oxide by a Highly Effective Heterogeneous Berlin Green Catalyst

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2023年第5期39卷 790-796页

作者： Munir Ullah KHAN Safir Ullah KHAN CAO Xiaohan muhammad usman muhammad Naeem SHAH Abdul GHAFFAR muhammad HASSAN ZHANG Chengjian ZHANG Xinghong State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology International Research Center for X PolymersDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Shanxi 030013P.R.China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027P.R.China Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization(Ministry of Education) International Research Center for X PolymersDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China Advanced Materials Research Center Zhejiang University-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute(ZJU-UIUC)Haining 314400P.R.China

In this study,we report that Berlin Green(FeFe-BG)framework exhibits superior performance in the catalytic coupling of carbon disulfide(CS_(2))and propylene oxide(PO)to generate a random copolymer containing thioether,propylene monothiocarbonate and ether *** and sulfur atom exchange was detected in polymeric and cyclic thiocarbonate byproducts and utilized to modulate the copolymerization of CS_(2)and propylene *** coupling of PO and CS_(2)was selective for copolymer formation under various reaction conditions.^(1)H and^(13)C NMR spectroscopy determined two distinct polymer linkages and two cyclic *** number average molecular weights ranged from 6.4 kg/mol to 10.5 kg/mol,with a comparatively low polydispersity of *** CS_(2)/PO molar feed ratio had a significant impact on the O/S exchange process;the ratio of cyclic thiocarbonate byproducts could be efficiently regulated by tuning the CS_(2)molar feed ratio.

关键词： Carbon disulfide Copolymerization Prussian Blue analogue Heterogeneous catalysis Berlin Green

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Iron-Catalyzed Primary C-H Amination of Sulfamate Esters and Its Application in Synthesis of Azetidinest

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2020年第12期38卷 1651-1655页

作者： Yan Zhang Dayou Zhong muhammad usman Peng Xue Wen-Bo Liu Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences Engineering Research lenter of Organosicon Compounds&Materials(Ministry of Education)College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China

of main observation and conclusion The direct amination of unactivated primary C-H bonds is extremely challenging due to their inert ***,we report an intramolecular primary C-H amination of sulfamate esters using an iron catalyst derived from iron(Ⅱ)triflate and *** array of oxathiazinanes were synthesized in moderate to good yields,which were further converted into biologically important azetidines by a one-pot *** research demonstrates the potential of applying simple nitrogen ligands in iron-catalyzed C-H functionalization and offers an accessible alternative to state-of-the-art iron-nitrene chemistry.

关键词： bonds applying conclusion

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Energy-efficient Virtual Machine Allocation Technique Using Flower Pollination Algorithm in Cloud Datacenter:A Panacea to Green Computing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第2期16卷 354-366页

作者： Mohammed Joda usman Abdul Samad Ismail Hassan Chizari Gaddafi Abdul-Salaam Ali muhammad usman Abdulsalam Yau Gital Omprakash Kaiwartya Ahmed Aliyu Department of Maths Bauchi State University GadauBauchi 81007Nigeria Department of Computer Science Universiti Teknology MalaysiaSkudai Johor 81310Malaysia School of Computing and Technology Park CampusUniversity of Gloucestershire Cheltenham GL50 4SHUK Department of Computer Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi 00233Ghana Department of Maths and Computer Federal College of Education Technical GombeGombe 072158Nigeria Department of Maths Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University BauchiBauchi 81027Nigeria Department of Computer and Information Technology Northumbria UniversityNewcastle NE1SSTUK

Cloud computing has attracted significant interest due to the increasing service demands from organizations offloading computationally intensive tasks to ***,datacenter infrastructure comprises hardware resources that consume high amount of energy and give out carbon emissions at hazardous *** cloud datacenter,Virtual Machines(VMs)need to be allocated on various Physical Machines(PMs)in order to minimize resource wastage and increase energy *** allocation problem is *** finding an exact solution is complicated especially for large-scale *** this con text,this paper proposes an Energy-oriented Flower Pollination Algorithm(E-FPA)for VM allocation in cloud datacenter environments.A system framework for the scheme was developed to enable energy-oriented allocation of various VMs on a *** allocation uses a strategy called Dynamic Switching Probability(DSP).The framework finds a near optimal solution quickly and balances the exploration of the global search and exploitation of the local *** considers a processor,storage,and memory constraints of a PM while prioritizing energy-oriented allocation for a set of *** performed on MultiRecCloudSim utilizing planet workload show that the E-FPA outperforms the Genetic Algorithm for Power-Aware(GAPA)by 21.8%,Order of Exchange Migration(OEM)ant colony system by 21.5%,and First Fit Decreasing(FFD)by 24.9%.Therefore,E-FPA significantly improves datacenter performance and thus,enhances environmental sustainability.

关键词： virtualization green computing cloud datacenter energy optimization

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A Cascaded Design of Best Features Selection for Fruit Diseases Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1491-1507页

作者： Faiz Ali Shah muhammad Attique Khan muhammad Sharif usman Tariq Aimal Khan Seifedine Kadry Orawit Thinnukool Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah Campus47080Pakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaTaxila47040Pakistan College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KhrajSaudi Arabia National University of Science and Technology Islamabad IslamabadPakistan Faculty of Applied Computing and Technology Noroff University CollegeKristiansandNorway Research Group of Embedded Systems and Mobile Application in Health Science College of ArtsMedia and TechnologyChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200Thailand

Fruit diseases seriously affect the production of the agricultural sector,which builds financial pressure on the country’s *** manual inspection of fruit diseases is a chaotic process that is both time and cost-consuming since it involves an accurate manual inspection by an ***,it is essential that an automated computerised approach is developed to recognise fruit diseases based on leaf *** to the literature,many automated methods have been developed for the recognition of fruit diseases at the early ***,these techniques still face some challenges,such as the similar symptoms of different fruit diseases and the selection of irrelevant *** processing and deep learning techniques have been extremely successful in the last decade,but there is still room for improvement due to these ***,we propose a novel computerised approach in this work using deep learning and featuring an ant colony optimisation(ACO)based *** proposed method consists of four fundamental steps:data augmentation to solve the imbalanced dataset,fine-tuned pretrained deep learning models(NasNetMobile andMobileNet-V2),the fusion of extracted deep features using matrix length,and finally,a selection of the best features using a hybrid ACO and a Neighbourhood Component Analysis(NCA).The best-selected features were eventually passed to many classifiers for final *** experimental process involved an augmented dataset and achieved an average accuracy of 99.7%.Comparison with existing techniques showed that the proposed method was effective.

关键词： Fruits diseases data augmentation deep learning features fusion feature selection

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Numerical Treatment for Stochastic Computer Virus Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第8期120卷 445-465页

作者： Ali Raza muhammad Shoaib Arif muhammad Rafiq Mairaj Bibi muhammad Naveed muhammad usman Iqbal Zubair Butt Hafiza Anum Naseem Javeria Nawaz Abbasi Department of Mathematics Stochastic Analysis&Optimization Research GroupAir UniversityPAF Complex E-9IslamabadPakistan Faculty of Engineering University of Central Punjab LahorePakistan Department of Mathematics Comsats UniversityPark Road Chak Shahzad CampusIslamabadPakistan Faculty of Computing National College of Business Administration and Economics LahorePakistan

This writing is an attempt to explain a reliable numerical treatment for stochastic computer virus *** are comparing the solutions of stochastic and deterministic computer virus *** paper reveals that a stochastic computer virus paradigm is pragmatic in contrast to the deterministic computer virus *** of threshold number C^?hold in stochastic computer virus *** C^?1 shows virus persists in the computer ***,stochastic numerical methods fail to cope with large step sizes of *** suggested structure of the stochastic non-standard finite difference scheme(SNSFD)maintains all diverse characteristics such as dynamical consistency,boundedness and positivity as defined by *** numerical treatment for the stochastic computer virus model manifested that increasing the antivirus ability ultimates small virus dominance in a computer community.

关键词： Computer virus,euler maruyama scheme stochastic differential equations stochastic euler scheme stochastic runge-kutta scheme stochastic NSFD scheme stability

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Ontology Driven Testing Strategies for IoT Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5855-5869页

作者： muhammad Raza Naqvi muhammad Waseem Iqbal muhammad usman Ashraf Shafiq Ahmad Ahmed T.Soliman Shahzada Khurram muhammad Shafiq Jin-Ghoo Choi INP-ENIT University of ToulouseTarbes65000France Department of Software Engineering Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan University of Management and Technology Sialkot CampusPakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Internet-of-Things(IoT)has attained a major share in embedded software *** new era of specialized intelligent systems requires adaptation of customized software engineering ***,software engineering has merged the development phases with the technologies provided by industrial *** improvements are still required in testing phase for the software developed to IoT *** research aims to assist in developing the testing strategies for IoT applications,therein ontology has been adopted as a knowledge representation technique to different software engineering *** proposed ontological model renders 101 methodology by using Protégé.After completion,the ontology was evaluated in three-dimensional view by the domain experts of software testing,IoT and ontology *** results of the research are showed in interest of the specialists regarding proposed ontology development and suggestions for *** Proposed reasoning-based ontological model for development of testing strategies in IoT application contributes to increase the general understanding of tests in addition to assisting for the development of testing strategies for different IoT devices.

关键词： Ontology software testing internet of things automation

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Local-Tetra-Patterns for Face Recognition Encoded on Spatial Pyramid Matching

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5039-5058页

作者： Khuram Nawaz Khayam Zahid Mehmood Hassan Nazeer Chaudhry muhammad usman Ashraf usman Tariq Mohammed Nawaf Altouri Khalid Alsubhi Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan Department of Electronics Information and BioengineeringPolitecnico di MilanoMilano20122Italy Department of Computer Science University of Management and TechnologySialkotPakistan College of Computer Engineering and Science Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj16278Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic UniversityRiyadh13318Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

Face recognition is a big challenge in the research field with a lot of problems like misalignment,illumination changes,pose variations,occlusion,and *** a single solution to solve all these problems at a time is a challenging *** have put some effort to provide a solution to solving all these issues by introducing a face recognition model based on local tetra patterns and spatial pyramid *** technique is based on a procedure where the input image is passed through an algorithm that extracts local features by using spatial pyramid matching ***,the input image is recognized using a robust kernel representation method using extracted *** qualitative and quantitative analysis of the proposed method is carried on benchmark image *** results showed that the proposed method performs better in terms of standard performance evaluation parameters as compared to state-of-the-art methods on AR,ORL,LFW,and FERET face recognition datasets.

关键词： Face recognition local tetra patterns spatial pyramid matching robust kernel representation max-pooling

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Circulating tumor DNA and its role in detection, prognosis and therapeutics of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第2期36卷 195-214页

作者： Sana Rashid Yingchuan Sun Umair Ali Khan Saddozai Sikandar Hayyat muhammad usman Munir muhammad usman Akbar muhammad Babar Khawar Zhiguang Ren Xinying Ji Malik Ihsan Ullah Khan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of LahoreLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Internal Oncology(Section Ⅰ) Xuchang Municipal Central HospitalXuchang 461000China Institute of Translational Medicine Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001China Australian Institute for Bioengineering&Nanotechnology the University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Gomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan 29111Pakistan Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowal Punjab 51600Pakistan Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory for Infection and Biosafety Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects Shu-Qing Medical College of ZhengzhouZhengzhou 450064China Department of Medicine Huaxian County People's HospitalHuaxian 456400China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is considered the fifth most prevalent cancer among all types of cancers and has the third most morbidity value. It has the most frequent duplication time and a high recurrence rate. Recently, the most unique technique used is liquid biopsies, which carry many markers;the most prominent is circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA). Varied methods are used to investigate ctDNA, including various forms of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) [emulsion PCR(ePCR), digital PCR(dPCR), and bead, emulsion, amplification, magnetic(BEAMing) PCR]. Hence ctDNA is being recognized as a potential biomarker that permits early cancer detection,treatment monitoring, and predictive data on tumor burden are subjective to therapy or surgery. Numerous ctDNA biomarkers have been investigated based on their alterations such as 1) single nucleotide variations(either insertion or deletion of a nucleotide) markers including TP53, KRAS, and CCND1;2) copy number variations which include markers such as CDK6, EFGR, MYC and BRAF;3) DNA methylation(RASSF1A, SEPT9, KMT2C and CCNA2);4) homozygous mutation includes ctDNA markers as CDKN2A, AXIN1;and 5) gain or loss of function of the genes, particularly for HCC. Various researchers have conducted many studies and gotten fruitful ***, there are some drawbacks to ctDNA namely low quantity, fragment heterogeneity, less stability, limited mutant copies and standards, and differential sensitivity. However, plenty of investigations demonstrate ctDNA's significance as a polyvalent biomarker for cancer and can be viewed as a future diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic agent. This article overviews many conditions in genetic changes linked to the onset and development of HCC, such as dysregulated signaling pathways, somatic mutations, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and genomic instability. Additionally, efforts are also made to develop treatments for HCC that are molecularly targeted and to unravel some of the genetic pathways that f

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers single nucleotide variations diagnosis prognosis

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Two-Stream Deep Learning Architecture-Based Human Action Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5931-5949页

作者： Faheem Shehzad muhammad Attique Khan muhammad Asfand E.Yar muhammad Sharif Majed Alhaisoni usman Tariq Arnab Majumdar Orawit Thinnukool Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusPakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science Bahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan Computer Sciences Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia College of Computer Engineering and Science Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharaj11942Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUK College of Arts Mediaand TechnologyChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200Thailand

Human action recognition(HAR)based on Artificial intelligence reasoning is the most important research area in computer *** breakthroughs in this field have been observed in the last few years;additionally,the interest in research in this field is evolving,such as understanding of actions and scenes,studying human joints,and human posture *** HAR techniques are introduced in the ***,the challenge of redundant and irrelevant features reduces recognition *** also faced a few other challenges,such as differing perspectives,environmental conditions,and temporal variations,among *** this work,a deep learning and improved whale optimization algorithm based framework is proposed for *** proposed framework consists of a few core stages i.e.,frames initial preprocessing,fine-tuned pre-trained deep learning models through transfer learning(TL),features fusion using modified serial based approach,and improved whale optimization based best features selection for final *** pre-trained deep learning models such as InceptionV3 and Resnet101 are fine-tuned and TL is employed to train on action recognition *** fusion process increases the length of feature vectors;therefore,improved whale optimization algorithm is proposed and selects the best *** best selected features are finally classified usingmachine learning(ML)*** publicly accessible datasets such as Ut-interaction,Hollywood,Free Viewpoint Action Recognition usingMotion History Volumes(IXMAS),and centre of computer vision(UCF)Sports,are employed and achieved the testing accuracy of 100%,99.9%,99.1%,and 100%*** with state of the art techniques(SOTA),the proposed method showed the improved accuracy.

关键词： Human action recognition deep learning transfer learning fusion of multiple features features optimization

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Security Requirement Management for Cloud-Assisted and Internet of Things—Enabled Smart City

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 625-639页

作者： muhammad usman Tariq muhammad Babar Mian Ahmad Jan Akmal Saeed Khattak Mohammad Dahman Alshehri Abid Yahya Abu Dhabi School of Management Abu Dhabi6844United Arab Emirates Department of Computing and Technology Iqra UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam The Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam Department of Computer Sciences Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan Department of Computer Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Botswana International University of Science and Technology Palapye016Botswana

The world is rapidly changing with the advance of information *** expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT)is a huge step in the development of the smart *** IoT consists of connected devices that transfer *** IoT architecture permits on-demand services to a public pool of *** computing plays a vital role in developing IoT-enabled smart *** integration of cloud computing enhances the offering of distributed resources in the smart *** management of security requirements of cloud-assisted IoT systems can bring about risks to availability,security,performance,condentiality,and *** key reason for cloud-and IoT-enabled smart city application failure is improper security practices at the early stages of *** article proposes a framework to collect security requirements during the initial development phase of cloud-assisted IoT-enabled smart city *** three-layered architecture includes privacy preserved stakeholder analysis(PPSA),security requirement modeling and validation(SRMV),and secure cloud-assistance(SCA).A case study highlights the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed framework.A hybrid survey enables the identication and evaluation of signicant challenges.

关键词： Security privacy smart city Internet of Things cloud computing

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