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3D geo-cellular static virtual outcrop model and its implications for reservoir petro-physical characteristics and heterogeneities

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Petroleum Science 2021年第5期18卷 1357-1369页

作者： Muhammad usman Numair A.Siddiqui Shi-Qi Zhang Manoj J.Mathew Ya-Xuan Zhang Muhammad Jamil Xue-Liang Liu Nisar ahmed School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Department of Geosciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia Laboratoire Géosciences Océan IUEMUniversitéde BrestUMR 6538 CNRS/UBO/UBSRueDumont D'Urville29280PlouzaneFrance School of Geosciences The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Lukeqin Oil Producion Plant Petro China Tuha OilfieldShanshan838202XinjiangChina

Geostatistical data plays a vibrant role for surface-based reservoir modeling through outcrop analogues,which is used to understand three-dimensional(3D)variability of petrophysical *** main purpose of this study is to improvise the surface-based 3D geo-modeling to demonstrate petrophysical characteristics and heterogeneities of Sandakan reservoirs,NW *** used point cloud data from Light Detection and Ranging(Li DAR)to build high-resolution virtual outcrop modeling(VOM)onto which we mapped 6 different *** and permeability of core plugs were measured to determine the average variance of petrophysical properties for each *** utilizing the integration of VOMs analogues and petrophysical properties in Petrel^(TM),we demonstrated the distribution and associations of all lithofacies in pseudo wells that have inherent thin beds heterogeneities in 3D geocellular *** results concluded that the heterogeneity of thin beds in lithofacies is dependent on porosity and permeability with input *** to the final model,cross-bedding sandstone(CBS),hummocky cross-stratified sandstone(HCSS)and trough cross-bedding sandstone(TCBS)show good reservoir quality due to high porosity ranging from:25.6%to 20.4%and,19.3%-14.5%,and permeability ranging from:74.03 mD to 66.84 mD and,64.86 mD to 21.01 *** contrast,massive to weak laminae sandstone(MWLS)and bioturbated sandstone(BS)show fair to poor reservoir quality,caused baffling of surrounding mud sediments in the reservoir *** also revealed that Li DAR based VOM with petrophysical properties can significantly reduce the risk and minimize the cost of reservoir modeling in petroleum industry.

关键词： Virtual outcrop modeling Lithofacies 3D geo-cellular model Petrophysical properties Reservoir heterogeneities

K-Banhatti Sombor Invariants of Certain Computer Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 15-31页

作者： Khalid Hamid Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Abaid Ur Rehman Virk Muhammad usman Ashraf ahmed Mohammed Alghamdi Adel A.Bahaddad Khalid Ali Almarhabi Department of Computer Science Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of SialkotSialkot51013Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC Women UniversitySialkot53310Pakistan Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Jeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Information System Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing in Al-QunfudahUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24381Saudi Arabia

Any number that can be uniquely determined by a graph is called a graph *** the last twenty years’countless mathematical graph invariants have been characterized and utilized for correlation ***,no reliable examination has been embraced to decide,how much these invariants are related with a network graph or molecular *** this paper,it will discuss three different variants of bridge networks with good potential of prediction in the field of computer science,mathematics,chemistry,pharmacy,informatics and biology in context with physical and chemical structures and networks,because k-banhatti sombor invariants are freshly presented and have numerous prediction qualities for different variants of bridge graphs or *** study solved the topology of a bridge graph/networks of three different types with two invariants KBanhatti Sombor Indices and its reduced *** deduced results can be used for the modeling of computer networks like Local area network(LAN),Metropolitan area network(MAN),and Wide area network(WAN),backbone of internet and other networks/structures of computers,power generation,bio-informatics and chemical compounds synthesis.

关键词： Bridge networks invariants k-banhatti sombor indices maple network graph molecular graph

A Weighted Spatially Constrained Finite Mixture Model for Image Segmentation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 171-185页

作者： Mohammad Masroor ahmed Saleh Al Shehri Jawad usman Arshed Mahmood Ul Hassan Muzammil Hussain Mehtab Afzal Department of Computer Science Capital University of Science&TechnologyIslamabad45730Pakistan Department of Computer Science Jubail University CollegeJubail31961Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of BaltistanSkardu16100Pakistan Department of Computer Skills Preparatory Year Najran University1988Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Management&TechnologyLahore54782Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of LahoreLahore54500Pakistan

Spatially Constrained Mixture Model(SCMM)is an image segmentation model that works over the framework of maximum a-posteriori and Markov Random Field(MAP-MRF).It developed its own maximization step to be used within this *** research has proposed an improvement in the SCMM’s maximization step for segmenting simulated brain Magnetic Resonance Images(MRIs).The improved model is named as the Weighted Spatially Constrained Finite Mixture Model(WSCFMM).To compare the performance of SCMM and WSCFMM,simulated T1-Weighted normal MRIs were segmented.A region of interest(ROI)was extracted from segmented *** similarity level between the extracted ROI and the ground truth(GT)was found by using the Jaccard and Dice similarity measuring *** to the Jaccard similarity measuring method,WSCFMM showed an overall improvement of 4.72%,whereas the Dice similarity measuring method provided an overall improvement of 2.65%against the ***,WSCFMM signicantly stabilized and reduced the execution time by showing an improvement of 83.71%.The study concludes that WSCFMM is a stable model and performs better as compared to the SCMM in noisy and noise-free environments.

关键词： Finite mixture model maximum aposteriori Markov random eld image segmentation

Large Scale Fish Images Classification and Localization using Transfer Learning and Localization Aware CNN Architecture

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第5期45卷 2125-2140页

作者： usman Ahmad Muhammad Junaid Ali Faizan ahmed Khan Arfat Ahmad Khan ArifUr Rehman Malik Muhammad Ali Shahid Mohd Anul Haq Ilyas Khan Zamil SAlzamil ahmed Alhussen Bahria University Islamabad45550Pakistan COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad45550Pakistan University of Central Punjab Lahore54000Pakistan College of Computing Khon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40000Thailand COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari61170Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Building an automatic fish recognition and detection system for largescale fish classes is helpful for marine researchers and marine scientists because there are large numbers of fish ***,it is quite difficult to build such systems owing to the lack of data imbalance problems and large number of *** solve these issues,we propose a transfer learning-based technique in which we use Efficient-Net,which is pre-trained on ImageNet dataset and fine-tuned on QuT Fish Database,which is a large scale ***,prior to the activation layer,we use Global Average Pooling(GAP)instead of dense layer with the aim of averaging the results of predictions along with having more information compared to the dense *** check the validity of our model,we validate our model on the validation set which achieves satisfactory ***,for the localization task,we propose an architecture that consists of localization aware block,which captures localization information for better prediction and residual connections to handle the over-fitting ***,the residual connections help the layer to combine missing information with the relevant *** addition,we use class weights and Focal Loss(FL)to handle class imbalance problems along with reducing false ***,class weights assign less weights to classes having fewer instances and large weights to classes having more number of *** the localization,the qualitative assessment shows that we achieve 57%Mean Intersection Over Union(IoU)on testing data,and the classification results show 75%precision,70%recall,78%accuracy and 74%F1-Score for 468 fish species.

关键词： Underwater species transfer learning k-nearest neighbors global average pooling efficientnet

Assessment of Diarrheal Disease Management Practice in Under-Five-Year Children According to WHO Guideline in Health Facilities of Hawassa City, SNNPR, Ethiopia

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Health 2020年第10期12卷 1345-1359页

作者： usman Abdurehman Huluka ahmed Hasan Dessiso College of Medicine Hawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia Faya General Hospital Shashamane Ethiopia Departments of Statistics College of Natural and Computational Science Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia

Objective: To explore the practice of management of diarrhea in under-5-year children at health facilities found in Hawassa town, and associated factors with malpractice in comparison. Methodology: Cross Sectional study was conducted in 2 hospitals, 2 health centers and 2 private clinics that are found in Hawassa city which is found in Southern Nations, Nationalities and peoples (SNNP), 275 KM to south from Addis Ababa, capital city of Ethiopia from august 2017-October 2017. Structured checklist was used to retrieve the required information from the patients on arrival and stay in pediatrics OPDs and wards. The data analysis carried out using SPSS version 20.0. Logistic regression was carried out to analyze the association between the independent and dependent variables. Statistically significant associations were declared at p-values of less than or equal to 0.05. Results: Out of 420, about 397 (94.5%) children with diarrheal disease between the ages of 3 - 59 months were studied. The study subjects were from governmental hospitals (35.5%), health centers (34.5%) and private clinics (30%) that are found in Hawassa City. Sign of dehydration was 66 (17%) of which majority 59 (83%) of them were rehydrated. As to Zink supplementation, only 180 (45%) received it;antibiotics were the commonly (59.1%) prescribed drugs. Only 43.3% of children were appropriately managed. Hospitals had higher odds of inappropriate management of diarrhea with AOR = 1.61 (95% CI: 1.04 - 2.5) and children one year or younger were more inappropriately managed for diarrhea at the health facilities with AOR of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.57 - 4.41). Conclusions: In the current study the management of diarrhea at the health facilities is unsatisfactory as only less than half of children with diarrhea were properly managed. Treatment of diarrhea at hospital level and the patient’s age being less than 1 year were found to significantly a

关键词： Antimicrobial Diarrhea Management Malpractice ORS Under-Five Children Zink Supplementation

Ontology Driven Testing Strategies for IoT Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5855-5869页

作者： Muhammad Raza Naqvi Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Muhammad usman Ashraf Shafiq Ahmad ahmed T.Soliman Shahzada Khurram Muhammad Shafiq Jin-Ghoo Choi INP-ENIT University of ToulouseTarbes65000France Department of Software Engineering Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan University of Management and Technology Sialkot CampusPakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Internet-of-Things(IoT)has attained a major share in embedded software *** new era of specialized intelligent systems requires adaptation of customized software engineering ***,software engineering has merged the development phases with the technologies provided by industrial *** improvements are still required in testing phase for the software developed to IoT *** research aims to assist in developing the testing strategies for IoT applications,therein ontology has been adopted as a knowledge representation technique to different software engineering *** proposed ontological model renders 101 methodology by using Protégé.After completion,the ontology was evaluated in three-dimensional view by the domain experts of software testing,IoT and ontology *** results of the research are showed in interest of the specialists regarding proposed ontology development and suggestions for *** Proposed reasoning-based ontological model for development of testing strategies in IoT application contributes to increase the general understanding of tests in addition to assisting for the development of testing strategies for different IoT devices.

关键词： Ontology software testing internet of things automation

Missing Data Imputations for Upper Air Temperature at 24 Standard Pressure Levels over Pakistan Collected from Aqua Satellite

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2016年第3期4卷 132-146页

作者： Muhammad usman Saleem Sajid Rashid ahmed Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Collage of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Center for Geographic Information System Punjab University Collage of Information Technology Lahore Pakistan

This research was an effort to select best imputation method for missing upper air temperature data over 24 standard pressure levels. We have implemented four imputation techniques like inverse distance weighting, Bilinear, Natural and Nearest interpolation for missing data imputations. Performance indicators for these techniques were the root mean square error (RMSE), absolute mean error (AME), correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination ( R2 ) adopted in this research. We randomly make 30% of total samples (total samples was 324) predictable from 70% remaining data. Although four interpolation methods seem good (producing 0.99) found between actual and predicted air temperature data through this method. The high value of the coefficient of determination (0.99) through bilinear interpolation method, tells us best fit to the surface. We have also found similar results for imputation with natural interpolation method in this research, but after investigating scatter plots over each month, imputations with this method seem to little obtuse in certain months than bilinear method.

关键词： Missing Data Imputations Spatial Interpolation AQUA Satellite Upper Level Air Temperature AIRX3STML

Leaching Fraction (LF) of Irrigation Water for Saline Soils Using Machine Learning

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1915-1930页

作者： Rab Nawaz Bashir Imran Sarwar Bajwa Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Muhammad usman Ashraf ahmed Mohammed Alghamdi Adel ABahaddad Khalid Ali Almarhabi Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Department of Computer Science and IT Islamia University BahawalpurPakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC Women UniversitySialkot53310Pakistan Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Jeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Information System Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing in Al-QunfudahUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24381Saudi Arabia

Soil salinity is a serious land degradation issue in *** is a major threat to agriculture *** irrigation water is applied to leach down the salts from the root zone of the plants in the form of a Leaching fraction(LF)of irrigation *** the leaching process to be effective,the LF of irriga-tion water needs to be adjusted according to the environmental conditions and soil salinity level in the form of Evapotranspiration(ET)*** relationship between environmental conditions and ET rate is hard to be deﬁned by a linear relationship and data-driven Machine learning(ML)based decisions are required to determine the calibrated Evapotranspiration(ETc)***-assisted ETc is pro-posed to adjust the LF according to the ETc and soil salinity level.A regression model is proposed to determine the ETc rate according to the prevailing tempera-ture,humidity,and sunshine,which would be used to determine the smart LF according to the ETc and soil salinity *** proposed model is trained and tested against the Blaney Criddle method of Reference evapotranspiration(ETo)*** validation of the model from the test dataset reveals the accu-racy of the ML model in terms of Root mean squared errors(RMSE)are 0.41,Mean absolute errors(MAE)are 0.34,and Mean squared errors(MSE)are 0.28 mm *** applications of the proposed solution in a real-time environ-ment show that the LF by the proposed solution is more effective in reducing the soil salinity as compared to the traditional process of leaching.

关键词： Leaching fraction saline soil evapotranspiration machine learning calibrated evapotranspiration artiﬁcial intelligence blaney criddle method

Patients with Clostridium difficile infection and prior appendectomy may be prone to worse outcomes

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第11期13卷 1436-1447页

作者： Danial Haris Shaikh Harish Patel Rezwan Munshi Haozhe Sun Shehriyar Mehershahi ahmed Baiomi ahmed Alemam usman Pirzada Iqra Nawaz Kamrun Naher Siddarth Hanumanthu Suresh Nayudu Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineBronxCare Health SystemBronxNY 10457United States Department of Medicine Nassau University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 11554United States Department of Medicine BronxCare Health SystemBronxNY 10457United States

BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile infection(CDI)occurs due to a dysbiosis in the *** appendix is considered a‘safe house’for gut microbiota and may help repopulate gut flora of patients with *** To study the impact of prior appendectomy on the severity and outcomes of *** We retrospectively reviewed data of 1580 patients with CDI,admitted to our hospital between 2008 to *** were grouped based on the presence or absence of the *** primary aim was to(1)assess all-cause mortality and(2)the severity of *** was defined as per the Infectious Diseases Society of America *** regression,and propensity score analysis using inverse probability of treatment weights(IPTW)was *** Of the 1580 patients,12.5%had a history of *** was no statistical difference in mortality between patients with a prior appendectomy or without(13.7%vs 14%,P=0.877).However,a history of appendectomy affected the severity of CDI[odds ratio(OR)=1.32,95%confidence interval:1.01-1.75].On IPTW,this association remained significant(OR=1.59,P<0.05).On multivariable toxic megacolon(OR=5.37,P<0.05)and colectomy(OR=2.77,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Prior appendectomy may affect the severity of CDI,development of toxic megacolon and the eventual need for *** treatment of CDI is governed by its severity,stronger antibiotic regimens or earlier use of fecal microbiota transplant may be a viable option for patients with prior appendectomy.

关键词： Appendectomy Clostridium difficile Toxic megacolon Colectomy Gut microbiome