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Expression of multidrug resistance proteins in retinoblastoma

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第11期10卷 1655-1661页

作者： Swati Shukla Arpna Srivastava Sunil Kumar usha singh Sandeep Goswami Bhavna Chawla Mandeep singh Bajaj Seema Kashyap Jasbir Kaur Department of Ocular Biochemistry Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India Oculoplasty & Pediatric Opthalmology Services Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India Department of Ocular Pathology Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India

AIM： To elucidate the mechanism of multidrug resistance in retinoblastoma, and to acquire more insights into in vivo drug ***： Three anticancer drug resistant Y79 human RB cells were generated against vincristine, etoposide or carboplatin, which are used for conventional chemotherapy in RB. Primary cultures from enucleated eyes after chemotherapy（PCNC） were also prepared. Their chemosensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents（vincristine, etoposide and carboplatin） were measured using MTT assay. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of p53, Bcl-2 and various multidrug resistant proteins in retinoblastoma ***： Following exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs, PCNC showed less sensitivity to drugs. No significant changes observed in the p53 expression, whereas Bcl-2 expression was found to be increased in the drug resistant cells as well as in PCNC. Increased expression of P-glycoprotein（P-gp） was observed in drug resistant Y79 cells; however there was no significant change in the expression of P-gp found between primary cultures of primarily enucleated eyes and PCNC. Multidrug resistance protein 1（Mrp-1） expression was found to be elevated in the drug resistant Y79 cells as well as in PCNC. No significant change in the expression of lung resistance associatedprotein（Lrp） was observed in the drug resistant Y79 cells as well as in ***： Our results suggest that multidrug resistant proteins are intrinsically present in retinoblastoma which causes treatment failure in managing retinoblastoma with chemotherapy.

关键词： retinoblastoma chemotherapy multidrug resistance multidrug resistance associated proteins

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Damage in Peripheral Blood Cells of Rat

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第4期8卷 274-286页

作者： usha singh Gaharwar Paulraj R School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field that has elicited much concern due to a variety of applications in different fields such as industry, medicine, and cosmetics. These developments increase the concern among the general population. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore the possible human health effects of these nanomaterials. The present study is aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in-vivo. In order to study the toxic effects, Wistar rats were administered intravenously with various doses of IONPs (Fe2O3) through caudal vein once in a week for 28 days, and various biochemical assays such as antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD, CAT, and GSH), lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and hematological parameters were evaluated. Genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay and oxidative stress was measured by anti-oxidant enzymes. The results reveal that IONPs alter hematological factor such as RBC counts, WBC counts, neutrophils, monocytes and hemoglobin. A dose-dependent inhibition (p < 0.05) of antioxidant enzymes was found, and meanwhile the level of MDA elevated significantly (p < 0.05) in IONPs treated groups in dose-dependent manner;however comet assay results indicate that IONPs did not induce any significant DNA damage. The present study concluded that IONP affects inflammatory response, which induces the oxidative stress and may adversely affect the cellular function.

关键词： Oxidative Stress Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Antioxidant Enzymes Genotoxicity Peripheral Blood Cells

Merkel Cell Carcinoma of Eyelid: A Rare Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenge

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2013年第1期3卷 16-18页

作者： Manpreet singh Swati singh usha singh Zoramthara Zadeng Department of ophthalmology Advanced Eye Center Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India.

The purpose of this paper is to report a case of rare localised (limited to eyelid) malignant eyelid tumor in a 70 year old Indian male. Histopathology confirmed it to be a Merkel cell carcinoma. Surgical excision and eyelid reconstruction was done successfully. No local or systemic recurrence has been noted at a follow up of 2 years. The well defined nature of a highly malignant tumor, its localised presentation and management is being described in following report.

关键词： Merkel Cell Carcinoma Eyelid Clinical Features Management

Identification, Quantification and <i>In-Vitro</i>Genotoxicity of Major Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons Produced by Sugarcane Fly Ash Emitted from Sugarmill

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第10期10卷 1244-1261页

作者： Akanksha Verma Ramovatar Meena Anurag Maurya usha singh Gaharwar Paulraj Rajamani School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India

Sugarcane burning during harvest and non-harvest season emits various pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs), alkanes, and PAHs (Polyaromatic hydrocarbons) in the surrounding environment. Among these pollutants, PAHs are of uttermost concern due to their high level of toxicity. Burning of sugarcane bagase in sugar mill results in the production of fly ash. Fly ash is produced as a result of sugarcane bagasse burning in sugar mills. In present study, fly ash that comes out from the sugar mill chimney was collected from Western Uttar Pradesh, India and used for further analysis. High temperature and incomplete combustion inside chimney lead to the formation of PAHs. Extraction of PAHs present in fly ash samples was done by ultrasonication method and was identified with GC-FID (gas chromatography-flame ionization detector). Results exhibit the presence of eight PAHs in fly ash samples where the Benzo(a)pyrene and Naphthalene were found to be in high concentration. Furthermore, we have evaluated toxic effects of fly ash and Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (Standard of BaP & Nap) through different methods i.e. MTT, ROS and comet assay. Significant reduction (p < 0.001) in cell viability was noted in cells treated with fly ash as compared to control. Fly ash samples were also found to induce significant oxidative stress in HeLa cells, which ultimately causes DNA damage. Therefore, it may be concluded that the fly ash samples are toxic to the environment due to the presence of PAHs. Hence, the present study plays an important role in determining the harmful effects of PAHs and their source of occurrence.

关键词： Sugarcane Fly Ash Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DNA Damage Environmental Toxicity

Insights into the interface of NiCo_(2)O_(4) spinel/LaCoO_(3) perovskite nano-composite for CO and soot oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 339-349页

作者： Neha Harshita singh Satya Vir singh Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi221005India Department of Botany Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India

In the quest for the development of thermally stable,highly active and low-cost catalysts for use in catalyzed diesel particulate filter,nano-composites are new areas of ***,we reported the easy synthesis of spinel NiCo_(2)O_(4)/perovskite LaCoO_(3) nano-composite,and its individual oxides NiCo_(2)O_(4)and LaCoO_(3) for *** detailed insights into the physio-chemical characteristics of formed NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) nano-composite were done based on various characterization analysis such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR),N_(2) physiosorption,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDX),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The characterization analysis of NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) revealed the successful formation of a chemical interface possessing strong interfacial interaction,resulting in desirable physicochemical characteristics such as small crystallite size,abundant mesoporosity,high specific surface area and activation of surface lattice *** to the desirable characteristics,the activity results over NiCo_(2)O_(4)/LaCoO_(3) nano-composite showed the excellent CO oxidation performance and high soot oxidation activity,recyclability and thermal *** work mainly attempts to emphasize the effectiveness of the facile,inexpensive and conventionally used precipitation method for the successful formation of highly efficient nano-composites.

关键词： LaCoO_(3) NiCo_(2)O_(4) Spinel/perovskite CO oxidation Soot oxidation Chemical interface

Snow and regolith albedo variations using CRISM data at McMurdo crater,Mars

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 338-355页

作者： Sehajpal singh Deepak singh Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

The cryosphere component provides the most reliable and insightful indications of any planet’s climate *** data from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars(CRISM),we develop a novel approach to determining the broadband Visible and Near Infrared(VNIR)albedo of the Martian *** study focuses on albedo changes in the McMurdo crater,part of Mars’s south polar layer *** compare seasonal and interannual variations of the McMurdo surface albedo before,during,and after the Global Dust Storm(GDS)of Martian Year(MY)*** the seasons progressed from spring to summer,the mean albedo in MY 32 and 34 plunged by over 40%,by about 35%in MY 33,and by slightly more than 30%in MY *** interannually,however,mean albedo values within both seasons(spring and summer)exhibited no significant differences in those same ***,interannual albedo difference maps reveal albedo variation of more than±0.3 in certain regions of the *** only snow-covered pixels,interannual albedo differences suggest that Mars dust had a pervasive impact on Mars’s *** in maximum and minimum albedo values as high as 0.5 were observed,depending upon differences in the dust levels in Martian snow/*** maximum and the minimum snow albedo values were lowest in MY 34,indicating the effect of the intense dust storm event that *** average snow albedo decreased from 0.45 in MY 32 to 0.40 in MY 33 and to 0.33 in MY 34,and then rose back to 0.40 in MY *** trajectory suggests a temporary deposition of dust,partially reversed after the GDS by self-cleaning mechanisms(local aeolian process and CO_(2)sublimation/deposition cycle).

关键词： Mars Martian ice albedo dust storm Mars surface Martian climate

Transfer Learning-Based Class Imbalance-Aware Shoulder Implant Classification from X-Ray Images

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 892-912页

作者： Marut Jindal Birmohan singh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and TechnologySangrur148106PunjabIndia

Total shoulder arthroplasty is a standard restorative procedure practiced by orthopedists to diagnose shoulder arthritis in which a prosthesis replaces the whole joint or a part of the *** is often challenging for doctors to identify the exact model and manufacturer of the prosthesis when it is *** paper proposes a transfer learning-based class imbalance-aware prosthesis detection method to detect the implant’s manufacturer automatically from shoulder X-ray *** framework of the method proposes a novel training approach and a new set of batch-normalization,dropout,and fully convolutional layers in the head *** employs cyclical learning rates and weighting-based loss calculation *** modifications aid in faster convergence,avoid local-minima stagnation,and remove the training bias caused by imbalanced *** proposed method is evaluated using seven well-known pre-trained models of VGGNet,ResNet,and DenseNet *** is performed on a shoulder implant benchmark dataset consisting of 597 shoulder X-ray *** proposed method improves the classification performance of all pre-trained models by 10–12%.The DenseNet-201-based variant has achieved the highest classification accuracy of 89.5%,which is 10%higher than existing ***,to validate and generalize the proposed method,the existing baseline dataset is supplemented to six classes,including samples of two more implant *** results have shown average accuracy of 86.7%for the extended dataset and show the preeminence of the proposed method.

关键词： Biomedical engineering Artificial intelligence Total shoulder arthroplasty Prosthesis identification Biomedical image classification

Effect of using borax decahydrate as nanoparticles additive in blends of spirulina biodiesel/diesel on combustion characteristics and knock intensity

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 62-78页

作者： Ajay Partap singh Puneet singh Gautam Mechanical Engineering Department IIMT University Meerut250001 Uttar PradeshIndia

In this extensive investigation,the impact of borax decahydrate as a fuel additive in a diesel single-cylinder engine was rigorously *** decahydrate was introduced at concentrations of 5,15,25 and 35 g in 500 ml of biodiesel,forming five unique fuel mixtures with conventional diesel:90%diesel+10%spirulina biodiesel(SB10),SB10+1 g borax decahydrate(SB10B1),SB10+3 g borax decahydrate(SB10B3),SB10+5 g borax decahydrate(SB10B5)and SB10+7 g borax decahydrate(SB10B7).The investigation encompassed four diverse loading conditions and yielded insightful ***,at full load,SB10B3 exhibited a higher cylinder peak pressure than diesel,reaching 69.25 *** release rate profiles demonstrated superior efficiency for SB10 at 50%load,with a cumulative heat release rate of 950 J/°CA,which is lower than the 1050 J/°CA of *** intensity(KI)evaluations revealed that,although SB10 and SB10B1 exhibited higher KI than diesel at full load due to elevated peak pressure,SB10B7 showed no knocking across all loads,indicative of reduced in-cylinder *** meticulous numerical analysis emphasizes the potential of borax decahydrate as a catalyst and enhancer,providing valuable insights into the combustion dynamics of these alternative fuel blends and their viability for sustainable and efficient engine *** summary,out of all the blends,SB10B3 could be a potential diesel fuel replacement fuel for compression-ignition engines.

关键词： spirulina biodiesel borax decahydrate diesel engine combustion knock intensity HRR in-cylinder pressure

Long-term fertilizer nitrogen management—Soil health conundrum

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 23-25页

作者： BIJAY-singh Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana 141004India

The mental model that fertilizer nitrogen (N) acts as a replacement for N mineralized from soil organic matter (SOM) needs to be revisited. Soil organic matter, the storehouse of N in soil, is one of the most important indicators of soil health. It supplies more N to crop plants than the current-year fertilizer N even when applied at high rates. Limited research shows that the application of fertilizer N above the optimum levels on a long-term basis deteriorates soil health by mineralizing SOM and depleting the soil N pool. Because soil N includes portions of fertilizer N applied in several previous years, year after year application of fertilizer N below the optimum levels will also lead to a gradual decline in soil N pool or soil health. To sustain high crop yield levels, fertilizer N needs to be applied on a long-term basis neither above nor below the optimum levels to ensure that soil health in terms of sustaining supply of soil N is maintained, if not enhanced.

关键词： soil Soil optimum