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Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) wine as a novel potential functional food product

Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 513-522页

作者： Milena Terzić Tatjana Majkić Ivana Beara Gökhan Zengin uroš miljić Saša Đurović Adriano Mollica Marija Radojković Faculty of Technology Novi Sad University of Novi SadBulevar cara Lazara 121000Novi SadSerbia Faculty of Sciences University of Novi SadTrg Dositeja Obradovića 321000Novi SadSerbia Science Faculty Selcuk UniversityDepartment of BiologyCampus42130KonyaTurkey Institute of General and Physical Chemistry Studentski trg 12/V11158BelgradeSerbia Department of Pharmacy University “G.d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara66100ChietiItaly

Throughout human civilization, elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) has been used as a traditional drug and addition to various dishes. Although it is a widespread plant species, it is still being researched and rarely used to obtain new products. In this study, we focused on the chemical and phytochemical composition and biological and pharmacological effects of elderberry wine, obtained by applying different temperature treatments (without temperature treatment – W1;60 °C, 5 min – W2;60 °C, 10 min – W3;and 70 °C, 5 min – W4 ). HPLC-MS/MS and spectrophotometric techniques determined the chemical and phytochemical profiles of obtained wines. The main compounds in analyzed wines were p-Hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic and chlorogenic acids, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-hexoside, and rutin . To assess the biological potential, antioxidant, neuroprotective (acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition), antityrosinase, and antidiabetic (amylase inhibition and glucosidase inhibition) abilities were examined. Wine W4 showed the strongest antioxidant activity, which correlated well with the high phenol content. The best inhibitory effect of β-glucosidase was observed in wine W3 . However, the most potent tyrosinase inhibitor was wine W4 . The presented results prove elderberry wine's high biological and industrial potential and open new avenues for formulating new products that could be brought to market.

关键词： Sambucus nigra L. Elderberry wine Functional food Chemical composition Polyphenolic profile Biological activity

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Numerical optimisation and experimental validation of divided rail freight brake disc crown

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2019年第1期27卷 1-10页

作者： uro? Grivc David Derzi? Simon Muhi? KOVIS d.o.o. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Novo mesto SIMUTEH

In this study, numerical optimisation and experimental validation of a divided rail freight brake disc crown made of grey cast iron EN-GJL-250 is *** analysed brake disc is used in rail freight wagons and possesses a load capacity of 22.5 tons per axle. Two of the divided rail freight brake discs are mounted on each *** the aid of numerical analysis, the thermal dissipation properties of the brake disc were optimised and ventilation losses were reduced, and the numerical results were compared with experimental results. A one-way fluid–structure interaction analysis was performed. A computational fluid dynamic model of a divided rail freight brake disc, used to predict air flow properties and heat convection, was incorporated into a finite element model of the disc and used to evaluate the temperature of the disc. A numerical parametrical optimisation of cooling ribs of the brake disc was also performed, and novel optimised cooling ribs were developed. A transient thermal numerical analysis of the brake disc was validated using temperature measurements obtained during a braking test on a test bench. The ventilation losses of the brake disc were measured on a test bench specifically designed for the task, and the losses were compared to the simulation results. The experimentally obtained ventilation losses and temperature measurements compared favourably with the simulation results, confirming that this type of simulation process may be confidently applied in the future. Through systematic optimisation of the divided rail freight brake disc, ventilation losses were reduced by 37% and the mass was reduced by 21%, resulting in better thermal performance that will bring with it substantial energy savings.

关键词： Divided rail freight brake disc Computational fluid dynamics Finite element method Computer-aided engineering One-way fluid-structure interaction

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Magnetocontrollable droplet mobility on liquid crystal-infused porous surfaces

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5098-5107页

作者： Yang Xu Yuxing Yao Weichen Deng Jen-Chun Fang Robert LDupont Meng Zhang SimonČopar urošTkalec Xiaoguang Wang William G.Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of Ljubljana1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Institute of Biophysics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Ljubljana1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Physics Faculty of Natural Sciences and MathematicsUniversity of Maribor2000 MariborSlovenia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Jožef Stefan Institute1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Sustainability Institute The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Magnetocontrollable droplet mobility on surfaces of both solids and simple fluids have been widely used in a wide range of ***,little is understood about the effect of the magnetic field on the wettability and mobility of droplets on structured ***,we report the manipulation of the dynamic behaviors of water droplets on a film of thermotropic liquid crystals(LCs).We find that the static wetting behavior and static friction of water droplets on a 4’-octyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile(8CB)film strongly depend on the LC mesophases,and that a magnetic field caused no measurable change to these ***,we find that the droplet dynamics can be affected by a magnetic field as it slides on a nematic 8CB film,but not on isotropic 8CB,and is dependent on both the direction and strength of the magnetic *** measuring the dynamic friction of a droplet sliding on a nematic 8CB film,we find that a magnetic field alters the internal orientational ordering of the 8CB which in turn affects its *** support this interpretation with a scaling argument using the LC magnetic coherence length that includes(i)the elastic energy from the long-range orientational ordering of 8CB and(ii)the free energy from the interaction between 8CB and a magnetic ***,these results advance our understanding of droplet mobility on LC films and enable new designs for responsive surfaces that can manipulate the mobility of water droplets.

关键词： liquid crystals lubricated surfaces magnetic field wettability droplet mobility

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N-Graphene Nanowalls via Plasma Nitrogen Incorporation and Substitution: The Experimental Evidence

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第4期12卷 92-108页

作者： Neelakandan MSanthosh Gregor Filipič Eva Kovacevic Andrea Jagodar Johannes Berndt Thomas Strunskus Hiroki Kondo Masaru Hori Elena Tatarova urošCvelbar Jožef Stefan Institute Jamova cesta 391000 LjubljanaSlovenia Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Jamova cesta 391000 LjubljanaSlovenia GREMI CNRS-University of Orleans 14 rue d’Issoudun45067 Orleans Cedex 2France Institute for Materials Science Christian Albrechts University KielKaiserstr224143 KielGermany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of NagoyaFuro‑cho Chikusa‑kuNagoyaAichi 464‑8603Japan Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa1049 LisbonPortugal

Incorporating nitrogen(N)atom in graphene is considered a key technique for tuning its electrical ***,this is still a great challenge,and it is unclear how to build N-graphene with desired nitrogen *** is a lack of experimental evidence to explain the influence and mechanism of structural defects for nitrogen incorporation into graphene compared to the derived DFT ***,this gap is bridged through a systematic study of different nitrogen-containing gaseous plasma post-treatments on graphene nanowalls(CNWs)to produce N-CNWs with incorporated and substituted *** structural and morphological analyses describe a remarkable difference in the plasma–surface interaction,nitrogen concentration and nitrogen incorporation mechanism in CNWs by using different nitrogen-containing *** conductivity measurements revealed that the conductivity of the N-graphene is strongly influenced by the position and concentration of C–N bonding *** findings open up a new pathway for the synthesis of N-graphene using plasma post-treatment to control the concentration and configuration of incorporated nitrogen for application-specific properties.

关键词： Graphene Graphene nanowalls Plasma post-treatment Nitrogen incorporation Raman spectroscopy Vacancy defects

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Advancing Li-ion storage performance with hybrid vertical carbon/Ni_(3)S_(2)-based electrodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 8-18页

作者： Neelakandan M.Santhosh Nitheesha Shaji d Petra Stražar Gregor Filipič Janez Zavašnik Chang Won Ho Murugan Nanthagopal Chang Woo Lee urošCvelbar Department of Gaseous Electronics(F6) Jožef Stefan InstituteJamova cesta 39SI-1000 LjubljanaEUSlovenia Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Jamova cesta 39SI-1000 LjubljanaEUSlovenia Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of LjubljanaJadranska cesta 19SI-1000 LjubljanaEUSlovenia Department of Chemical Engineering(Integrated Engineering) College of EngineeringKyung Hee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroGiheungYonginGyeonggi 17104South Korea Center for the SMART Energy Platform College of EngineeringKyung Hee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroGiheungYonginGyeonggi 17104South Korea

Conversion-reaction induced charge storage mechanisms of transition metal sulphides have received considerable interest in designing high-capacity electrodes for electrochemical energy storage ***,their low conductivity and structural degradation during cycling limit their applications as energy storage devices.A combination of different nickel sulphide phases tailored with carbon nanostructures is suggested to address these ***,a facile,two-step approach is demonstrated for fabricating a hybrid electrode,consisting of trinickel disulphide(Ni_(3)S_(2))formed on a metallic Ni nanoparticle supported by vertical carbon nanotubes(VCN)backbone in the form Ni_(3)S_(2)/Ni@***_(3)S_(2)/Ni@VCN electrodes were tested as anode for lithium-ion batteries,and the electrode featured outstanding lithiumstorage capabilities with a high reversible capacity(1113 m Ah g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 100 m A g^(-1)),excellent long-term cycling stability(770 m Ah g^(-1) after 500 cycles at 200 m A g^(-1)),and good rate *** resulting electrode performance is one of the best Li-ion storage capabilities in the Ni_(3)S_(2)-type anode materials described.A unique “broccoli-like”structure of polycrystalline Ni_(3)S_(2)capped on conductive VCN backbone helps the interface storage process and boosts lithium storage performance.

关键词： Ni_(3)S_(2) Vertical carbon nanostructures Hierarchical structures Binder-free electrode Lithium-ion batteries

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Graphene Flakes in Arc Plasma: Conditions for the Fast Single-Layer Growth

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Graphene 2016年第2期5卷 81-89页

作者： Igor Levchenko uroš Cvelbar Michael Keidar School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical Engineering Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia Jozef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia George Washington University Washington DC USA

The results of systematic numerical studies of graphene flakes growth in low-temperature arc discharge plasmas are presented. Diffusion-based growth model was developed, verified using the previously published experiments, and used to investigate the principal effects of the process parameters such as plasma density, electron temperature, surface temperature and time of growth on the size and structure of the plasma-grown graphene flakes. It was demonstrated that the higher growth temperatures result in larger graphene flakes reaching 5 μm, and simultaneously, lead to much lower density of the carbon atoms adsorbed on the flake surface. The low density of the carbon adatoms reduces the probability of the additional graphene layer nucleation on surface of growing flake, thus eventually resulting in the synthesis of the most valuable single-layered graphenes.

关键词： Graphene Flakes Arc Plasma Growth Few-Layer Graphene

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Plasma effects on the bacteria Escherichia coli via two evaluation methods

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第7期19卷 102-109页

作者： Danijela VUJO?EVI? uro? CVELBAR Ur?ka REPNIK Martina MODIC Sa?a LAZOVI? Tina ZAVA?NIK-BERGANT Nevena PUA? Boban MUGO?A Evangelos GOGOLIDES Zoran Lj PETROVI? Miran MOZETI? Institute of Public Health Jozef Stefan Institute Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INN) National Center for Scientific Research NCSR Demokritos

The degradation of Escherichia coli bacteria by treatment with cold, weakly ionised, highly dissociated oxygen plasma, with an electron temperature of 3 eV, a plasma density of 8 × 10^15 m^-3 and a neutral oxygen atom density of 3.5 × 10^21 m^-3 was studied. To determine the ＇real＇ plasma effects, two methods were used for evaluation and determination, as well as a comparison of the number of bacteria that had survived： the standard plate count technique （PCT） and advanced fluorescence-activated cell sorting （FACS）. Bacteria were deposited onto glass substrates and kept below 50 ℃ during the experiments with oxygen plasma. The results showed that the bacteria had fully degraded after about 2 min of plasma treatment, depending slightly on the amount of bacteria that had been deposited on the substrates. The very precise determination of the O flux on the substrates and the two-method comparison allowed for the determination of the critical dose of oxygen atoms required for the destruction of a bacterial cell wall--about 6 × 10^24 m^-2--as well as deactivation of the substrates--about 8 × 10^25 m^-2. These results were taken in order to discuss other results obtained by comparable studies and scientific method evaluations in the determination of plasma effects on bacteria.

关键词： oxygen plasma bacteria degradation PCT FACS

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饲料结构(颗粒粒度)和饲料形态(粉料对制粒)在猪营养中的重要性(综述)

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2017年第8期37卷 81-84页

作者：韩浩月 ?uro Vukmirovi? Radmilo ?olovi? Sla?ana Rakita 诺维萨德大学食品技术研究所食品技术和动物产品研究中心

猪是单胃动物,其胃的结构简单,为单室结构,所以猪需要易消化、高品质的饲料。决定猪饲料利用率最重要的因素之一是饲料中各颗粒粒度的分布情况。饲料的颗粒粒度减小可提高猪的生产性能,因为粒度减小增加了颗粒的比表面(specific surfac... 详细信息

猪是单胃动物,其胃的结构简单,为单室结构,所以猪需要易消化、高品质的饲料。决定猪饲料利用率最重要的因素之一是饲料中各颗粒粒度的分布情况。饲料的颗粒粒度减小可提高猪的生产性能,因为粒度减小增加了颗粒的比表面(specific surface),使其能够更好地与消化酶接触。如果从这方面来说,生产猪的饲料建议用细小的饲料颗粒。此外,在现代猪生产中,干料主要以颗粒料的形式使用,这主要是由于饲喂颗粒料的猪有较好的饲料转化率(Feed Conversion Ratio,FCR),但是也有颗粒料优于粉料的其他原因。饲料的颗粒大小在制粒过程中会显著减小,因此饲料中的营养物质消化率可能会提高。另一方面,猪饲料(粉状和颗粒状)中含有的大量细小颗粒会对胃肠道(Gastro-Intestinal Tract,GIT)的健康产生不利的影响,导致胃溃疡发病率的提高和胃黏膜的其他不良改变(角化、糜烂)。胃溃疡是导致农场中猪猝死的最重要原因之一,可以对养猪生产造成重大的经济损失。考虑到动物的治疗成本高、劳动强度大以及由于对溃疡的确诊过晚而使治疗大多无效,因此这种疾病建议注重预防。根据文献资料,减少猪饲料中细小颗粒的比例是强烈推荐的预防方法。猪饲料中各类大小的粒度分布对胃肠道中致病菌的存在有明显的影响。与饲喂细小粉碎的粉状饲料和饲喂颗粒料的猪相比,饲喂粗糙粉碎的粉状饲料的猪胃食糜的pH较低。这可能是采食粗糙粉碎的粉状饲料的猪,饲料在胃肠道中的流通速率较低、干物质含量增加,胃内食糜密度更大的缘故。因此,饲料在胃中的酸化作用更佳,乳酸菌和有机酸的浓度较高,胃内食糜的pH更低。这种条件为抵抗致病菌的入侵构建了额外的"壁垒"。现有的数据显示,猪日粮颗粒的适宜大小为500μm^1 600μm,饲料粒度小于400μm被认为不可取,具有高度的致溃疡性。适宜的粒度可以在饲料粉碎过程中进行设置,研究发现,大多数常规的粉碎方法采用滚筒式粉碎机和锤片式粉碎机相结合的方式进行。考虑到现代猪主要饲喂颗粒饲料,同时制粒会对饲料颗粒产生更进一步的粉碎,因此经此粉碎后获得的粒度分布(Particle Size Distribution,PSD)会在制粒过程中发生显著的改变。由于制粒过程中参数的变化,降低制粒过程中颗粒粉碎强度的可能性极低。文献资料建议,改进压铸工艺(即使用膨化机进行加工)然后指定成形元件,作为制粒的另一种选择,以便获得所需PSD的成形猪饲料,但是这种工艺目前尚未得到广泛的研究。

关键词：猪饲料粒度粉料粉碎制粒溃疡沙门氏菌

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饲料结构(颗粒粒度)和饲料形态(粉料对制粒)在猪营养中的重要性(综述)(续)

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2017年第9期37卷 77-80页

作者：韩浩月 ?uro Vukmirovi? Radmilo ?olovi? Sla?ana Rakita 诺维萨德大学食品技术研究所食品技术和动物产品研究中心

在现代化养猪生产中，饲料很少以粉状（粉末状）形式饲喂。按惯例来说，在饲料的所有组分混合后再进行制粒（Fahrenholz，2012）。

关键词：饲料形态养猪生产颗粒粒度饲料结构制粒综述营养粉料

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饲料结构(颗粒粒度)和饲料形态(粉料对制粒)在猪营养中的重要性(综述)(续完)

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2017年第11期37卷 71-73页

作者：韩浩月陈建康 ?uro Vukmirovi? Radmilo ?olovi? Sla?ana Rakita 诺维萨德大学食品技术研究所食品技术和动物产品研究中心

4后续加工对猪饲料颗粒大小的影响正如上文所述,日粮中的饲料颗粒大小通过粉碎可以调整至最佳状态,但若猪饲料生产还有后续处理步骤,如制粒、挤压或膨化,饲料颗粒大小则可能会发生显著的变化。制粒是将饲料颗粒凝聚成更大的块状体,它同... 详细信息

4后续加工对猪饲料颗粒大小的影响正如上文所述,日粮中的饲料颗粒大小通过粉碎可以调整至最佳状态,但若猪饲料生产还有后续处理步骤,如制粒、挤压或膨化,饲料颗粒大小则可能会发生显著的变化。制粒是将饲料颗粒凝聚成更大的块状体,它同时会减小饲料颗粒的大小（Svihus等,2004;Grosse Liesner等,2009）。在Vukmirovi？（2015）的研究中,

关键词：制粒饲料颗粒锤片式粉碎机颗粒粒度滚筒式饲料生产粉料膨化机环模粉碎加工

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