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Effects of hooked-collar on the local scour around a lenticular bridge pier

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第1期38卷 1-11页

作者： Rashid farooq Amir Hossein Azimi Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq Afzal Ahmed Department of Civil Engineering International Islamic University Department of Civil Engineering Lakehead University College of Engineering and Science Victoria University Department of Civil Engineering University of Engineering and Technology James Watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow

This paper presents the results of comprehensive laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of hooked-collar on the scour development around a vertical pier with a lenticular cross section. The flow around the pier was uniform, steady, and under the clear-water condition. The axial scour profiles for cases without and with a lenticular hooked-collar were measured and the effects of hooked-collar dimensions and elevation from the bed were examined. To compute the efficiency of hooked-collar for scour prevention, the results of local scour for a bridge pier without a collar and a bridge pier with a plain collar, without a hooked wall, were used as benchmark data sets. A wide range of hooked-collar geometries such as the ratio of collar width to the pier width, Wc/Wp, ranging from 1.5 to 3.5, the ratio of hooked-collar wall height to the pier width, Hc/Wp, ranging from 0.15 to 0.6, and the ratio of collar elevation to the pier width, Ec/Wp, of-0.5, 0, and 0.5 were tested. The experimental results indicated that the equilibrium scour depth decreased with the ratio of hooked-collar to the pier width when Wcis twice the pier width, Wp. For Wc/Wp> 2, the scour depth was similar to the tests with an infinitely large pier width. In addition, the scour depth consistently reduced as the hooked-collar wall height, Hc, to the pier width, Wp, approached 0.3. The highest scour reduction efficiency was achieved when the hooked-collar being placed on the bed surface. Empirical models were developed for prediction of maximum scour depth near the lenticular bridge pier with a modified collar. The results showed that the volume of scour hole around a lenticular pier increased non-linearly with the maximum scour depth and it was independent of the hooked-collar geometry.

关键词： Local scour Erosion Collar Hooked-collar Lenticular pier Scour countermeasure Steady flow

Oxygen-incorporated MoS_(2) catalyst for remarkable enhancing piezocatalytic H_(2) evolution and degradation of organic pollutant

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Rare Metals 2023年第9期42卷 3034-3045页

作者： Xue-Er Ning Dian-Zeng Jia Shan-Hao Li Muhammad farooq Khan Ai-Ze Hao State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of ChemistryXinjiang UniversityUrumqi830017China Department of Electrical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Republic of Korea

A highly efficient piezocatalyst of oxygen-incorporated Mo S_(2)(O-Mo S_(2)) was designed and successfully synthesized via facile modulation of hydrothermal process temperature ***,a superior piezocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of 46.1μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)in pure water and921.0μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)in methanol solution is obtained on optimal O-MoS_(2)-180 (with a hydrothermal process temperature of 180℃),outperforming pristine Mo S_(2)and most of the reported other ***,piezocatalytic activity of O-MoS_(2) toward the degradation of organic pollutants depends on hydrothermal *** suitable temperature of O-Mo S_(2)-180 presents dramatically excellent piezocatalytic capacity compared with the pristine MoS_(2) for degradation of methylene blue (MB) *** reaction rate constant of O-Mo S_(2)-180 reaches to 54.6×10^(-3)min^(-1),which is nearly 18 and 4-folds in contrast with pristine MoS_(2) and O-Mo S_(2)-140 (with a hydrothermal process temperature of 140℃),***,it also manifests that O-MoS_(2)-180 endows relatively high degradation efficiency (84.6%within30 min) and excellent ***,it is also demonstrated that optimal O-MoS_(2) can dramatically promote charge carriers transport and ***,our theoretical calculation results suggest that the oxygenincorporated can modulate the surface electronic state,enhance active sites as well as optimize the hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy of MoS_(2),thus extremely boosting piezocatalytic ***,an innovative piezocatalytic mechanism is proposed to reveal and expound the relationship between piezocatalytic property and oxygen-incorporated role.

关键词： Oxygen-incorporated MoS_(2) Piezocatalytic H_(2)evolution Piezocatalytic degradation Charge carriers separation Piezocatalytic mechanism

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Large-Scale Expensive Optimization with a Switching Strategy

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Complex System Modeling and Simulation 2022年第3期2卷 253-263页

作者： Mai Sun Chaoli Sun Xiaobo Li Guochen Zhang farooq Akhtar School of Computer Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Computer Sciences and Information Technology University of Kotli Azad Jammu and KashmirKotli 11100Pakistan

Some optimization problems in scientific research,such as the robustness optimization for the Internet of Things and the neural architecture search,are large-scale in decision space and expensive for objective *** order to get a good solution in a limited budget for the large-scale expensive optimization,a random grouping strategy is adopted to divide the problem into some low-dimensional sub-problems.A surrogate model is then trained for each sub-problem using different strategies to select training data *** that,a dynamic infill criterion is proposed corresponding to the models currently used in the surrogate-assisted sub-problem ***,an escape mechanism is proposed to keep the diversity of the *** performance of the method is evaluated on CEC’2013 benchmark *** results show that the algorithm has better performance in solving expensive large-scale optimization problems.

关键词： large-scale optimization problems computationally expensive problems random grouping surrogate models

Process Discovery and Refinement of an Enterprise Management System

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第3期44卷 2019-2032页

作者： Faizan Ahmed Khan farooq Ahmad Arfat Ahmad Khan Chitapong Wechtaisong COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore54000Pakistan Sunaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand

The need for the analysis of modern businesses is rapidly increasing as the supporting enterprise systems generate more and more *** data can be extremely valuable for executing organizations because the data allows constant monitoring,analyzing,and improving the underlying processes,which leads to the reduction of cost and the improvement of the *** mining is a useful technique for analyzing enterprise systems by using an event log that contains *** research focuses on the process discovery and refinement using real-life event log data collected from a large multinational organization that deals with coatings and *** investigating and analyzing their order handling pro-cesses,this study aims at learning a model that gives insight inspection of the processes and performance ***,the animation is also performed for the better inspection,diagnostics,and compliance-related questions to specify the *** configuration of the system and the conformance checking for further enhancement is also addressed in this *** achieve the objectives,this research uses process mining techniques,*** discovery in the form of formal Petri nets models with the help of process maps,and process refinement through conformance checking and ***,the identified executed process is reconstructed by using the process discovery *** the reconstruction,we perform a deep analysis for the underlying process to ensure the process improvement and ***,some recommendations are made to improve the enterprise management system processes.

关键词： Process mining enterprise management system business process management process discovery conformance analysis process enhancement

Real-Time Safety Helmet Detection Using Yolov5 at Construction Sites

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 911-927页

作者： Kisaezehra Muhammad Umer farooq Muhammad Aslam Bhutto Abdul Karim Kazi Department of Computer Science and Information Technology NED University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering NED University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan

The construction industry has always remained the economic and social backbone of any country in the world where occupational health and safety(OHS)is of prime *** in other developing countries,this industry pays very little,rather negligible attention to OHS practices in Pakistan,resulting in the occurrence of a wide variety of accidents,mishaps,and near-misses every *** of the major causes of such mishaps is the non-wearing of safety helmets(hard hats)at construction sites where falling objects from a height are *** most cases,this leads to serious brain injuries in people present at the site in general and the workers in *** is one of the leading causes of human fatalities at construction *** the United States,the Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA)requires construction companies through safety laws to ensure the use of well-deﬁned personal protective equipment(PPE).It has long been a problem to ensure the use of PPE because round-the-clock human monitoring is not ***,such monitoring through technological aids or automated tools is very much *** present study describes a systema-tic strategy based on deep learning(DL)models built on the You-Only-Look-Once(YOLOV5)architecture that could be used for monitoring workers’hard hats in *** can indicate whether a worker is wearing a hat or *** proposed system usesﬁve different models of the YOLOV5,namely YOLOV5n,YOLOv5s,YOLOv5 m,YOLOv5l,and YOLOv5x for object detection with the support of PyTorch,involving 7063 *** results of the study show that among the DL models,the YOLOV5x has a high performance of 95.8%in terms of the mAP,while the YOLOV5n has the fastest detection speed of 70.4 frames per second(FPS).The proposed model can be successfully used in practice to recognize the hard hat worn by a worker.

关键词： Object detection computer-vision personal protective equipment(PPE) deep learning industry revolution(IR)4.0 safety helmet detection

Bacteroides-derived isovaleric acid enhances mucosal immunity by facilitating intestinal IgA response in broilers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1252-1273页

作者： Xinkai Wang Yifan Hu Xiaoyan Zhu Liyuan Cai Muhammad Zahid farooq Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Department of Animal Sciences University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences(Jhang Campus)Lahore 54000Pakistan

Background:The interaction between nutrition and immunity plays a vital role in nutrient digestion,absorption,and metabolism during poultry *** studies showed that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of intestinal mucosal ***,the mechanisms by which gut microbes regulate this process remain ***:We compared the intestinal mucosal immunity and gut microbiota of Arbor Acre broilers AA(lower mucosal immunity)and Chinese native Wuliang Mountain Black-bone chickens(WLMB)(higher mucosal immunity)using 16S rDNA sequencing,transcriptomic analysis,and immunoglobulin A(IgA)antibody repertoire *** then combined 16S rDNA sequencing with transcriptomics to identify the key microbes and found that they were positively correlated with IgA ***,we transplanted candidate microbes into 1-day-old broiler to explore their role in intestinal mucosal ***,we verified the function of candidate microbial metabolites in regulating the immune function of macrophages and the intestinal-epithelial cells(IECs)using in vitro ***:WLMB performs stronger mucosal immunity than AA,including higher IgA levels,more diverse IgA antibody repertoire,and higher bacterial *** was identified as the key microbes related to the intestinal IgA *** transplantation could increase IgA concentration in the duodenal contents by enhancing the expression of IgA,polymeric immunoglobin receptor(PIgR),B cell-activating factor of the TNF family(BAFF),and activation-induced cytidine deaminase(AID)in the ***,Bacteroides-derived isovaleric acid promoted M2 macrophage polarization of macrophage via mTOR/PPAR-γ/STAT3 signaling pathways and regulated the immunologic function of IECs to produce cytokines,including interleukin(IL)-10,IL-4,BAFF,and transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),thus promoting IgA production in B cells by facilitating AID ***:Our study re

关键词： Bacteroides Chicken IgA Intestinal health Isovaleric acid Macrophage

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Genetic variability predicting breeding potential of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)for high temperature tolerance

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Journal of Cotton Research 2023年第2期6卷 81-97页

作者： farooq Amjad SHAKEEL Amir SAEED Asif farooq Jehanzeb RIZWAN Muhammad CHATTHA Waqas Shafqat SARWAR Ghulam RAMZAN Yasir Cotton Research Station Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

Background High temperature stress at peak flowering stage of cotton is a major hindrance for crop *** study aimed to increase genetic divergence regarding heat tolerance in newly developed cultivars and *** cotton genotypes and 40 F1(hybrids)were tested under field conditions following the treatments,viz.,high temperature stress and control at peak flowering stage in August and October under April and June sowing,*** The mean squares revealed significant differences among genotypes,treatments,genotype×treatment for relative cell injury,chlorophyll contents,canopy temperature,boll retention and seed cotton yield per *** genetic diversity among 50 genotypes was analyzed through cluster analysis and heat susceptibility index(HSI).The heat tolerant genotypes including FH-Noor,NIAB-545,FH-466,FH-Lalazar,FH-458,NIAB-878,IR-NIBGE-8,Weal-AGShahkar,and heat sensitive,i.e.,CIM-602,Silky-3,FH-326,SLH-12 and FH-442 were hybridized in line×tester fashion to produce F1 *** breeding materials’populations(40 F1)revealed higher specific combining ability variances along with dominance variances,decided the non-additive type gene action for all the *** best general combining ability effects for most of the traits were displayed by the lines,i.e.,FH-Lalazar,NIAB-878 along with testers FH-326 and *** combining ability effects and better-parent heterosis were showed by the crosses,viz.,FH-Lalazar×Silky-3,FH-Lalazar×FH-326,NIAB-878×Silky-3,and NIAB-878×FH-326 for seed cotton yield and yield contributing traits under high temperature *** Heterosis breeding should be carried out in the presence of non-additive type gene action for all the studied *** best combiner parents with better-parent heterosis may be used in crossing program to develop high yielding cultivars,and hybrids for high temperature stress tolerance.

关键词： High temperature Upland cotton Peak flowering Heterosis Gene action Combining ability

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A 37 GHz Millimeter-Wave Antenna Array for 5G Communication Terminals

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1317-1330页

作者： Jalal Khan Sadiq Ullah Usman Ali Ladislau Matekovits farooq Ahmad Tahir Muhammad Inam Abbasi Telecommunication Engineering Department University of Engineering and TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Politecnico di TorinoTurin10129Italy Istituto di Elettronica e di Ingegneria Dell’Informazione e Delle Telecomunicazioni National Research Council of ItalyTurin10129Italy Department of Measurements and Optical Electronics Politehnica University TimisoaraTimisoara300006Romania Research Institute for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Studies(RIMMS) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Technology(JTKEK) Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology(FTKEE)Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka(UTeM)Hang Tuah JayaDurian TunggalMelaka76100Malaysia

This work presents,design and specific absorption rate(SAR)analysis of a 37GHz antenna,for 5th Generation(5G)*** proposed antenna comprises of 4-elements of rectangular patch and an even *** radiating element is composed of copper material supported by Rogers RT5880 substrate of thickness,0.254 mm,dielectric constant(εr),2.2,and loss tangent,*** 4-elements array antenna is compact in size with a dimension of 8mm×20mm in length and *** radiating patch is excited with a 50 ohms connector i.e.,*** antenna resonates in the frequency band of 37 GHz,that covers the 5G *** antenna behavior is studied both in free space and in the proximity of the human *** models of the human body,i.e.,belly,hand,and head(contain skin,fat,muscles,and bone)are considered for on-body *** resonant frequency,the antenna gives a boresight gain of 11.6 *** antenna radiates efficiently with a radiated efficiency of more than 90%.Also,it is observed that the antenna detunes to the lowest in the proximity of the human body,but still a good impedance matching is achieved considering the−10 dB ***,SAR is also being *** safe limit of 2 W/kg for any 10 g of biological tissue,specified by the European International Electro Technical Commission(IEC)has been *** calculated values of SAR for human body models,i.e.,belly,hand and head are 1.82,1.81 and 1.09 W/kg,*** SAR values are less than the international recommendations for the three ***,the simulated and measured results of the antenna are in close agreement,which makes it,a potential candidate for the fifth-generation smart phones and other handheld devices.

关键词： 5G antenna array SAR millimeter-wave smart phones

The role of 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)in skeletal muscle atrophy

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BIOCELL 2023年第2期47卷 269-281页

作者： KAI DANG HAFIZ MUHAMMAD UMER farooq YUAN GAO XIAONI DENG AIRONG QIAN Laboratory for Bone Metabolism Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health EngineeringKey Laboratory for Space Biosciences and BiotechnologyResearch Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems EngineeringNPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

As a key coordinator of metabolism,AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)is vitally involved in skeletal muscle *** exerts its cellular effects through its function as a serine/threonine protein kinase by regulating many downstream targets and plays important roles in the development and growth of skeletal *** is activated by phosphorylation and exerts its function as a kinase in many processes,including synthesis and degradation of proteins,mitochondrial biogenesis,glucose uptake,and fatty acid and cholesterol *** muscle atrophy is a result of various diseases or disorders and is characterized by a decrease in muscle *** pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of skeletal muscle atrophy are still under *** this review,we discuss the role of AMPK in skeletal muscle metabolism and *** also discuss targeting AMPK for skeletal muscle treatment,including exercise,AMPK activators including 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside and metformin,and low-level *** studies show the important roles of AMPK in regulating muscle metabolism and function;thus,the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy needs to take into account the roles of AMPK.

关键词： AMPK,Autophagy Protein degradation,Protein synthesis,Skeletal muscle atrophy,Ubiquitin