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The amazing potential of fungi:50 ways we can exploit fungi industrially

Fungal Diversity 2019年第4期97卷 1-136页

作者： Kevin D.Hyde Jianchu Xu Sylvie Rapior Rajesh Jeewon Saisamorn Lumyong Allen Grace T.Niego Pranami D.Abeywickrama Janith V.S.Aluthmuhandiram Rashika S.Brahamanage Siraprapa Brooks Amornrat Chaiyasen K.W.Thilini Chethana Putarak Chomnunti Clara Chepkirui Boontiya Chuankid Nimali I.de Silva Mingkwan Doilom Craig Faulds Eleni Gentekaki Venkat Gopalan Pattana Kakumyan Dulanjalee Harishchandra Hridya Hemachandran Sinang Hongsanan Anuruddha Karunarathna Samantha C.Karunarathna Sehroon Khan Jaturong Kumla Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Jian-Kui Liu Ningguo Liu Thatsanee Luangharn Allan Patrick G.Macabeo Diana S.Marasinghe Dan Meeks Peter E.Mortimer Peter Mueller Sadia Nadir Karaba N.Nataraja Sureeporn Nontachaiyapoom Meghan O’Brien Watsana Penkhrue Chayanard Phukhamsakda uma shaanker ramanan Achala R.Rathnayaka Resurreccion B.Sadaba Birthe Sandargo Binu C.Samarakoon Danushka S.Tennakoon Ramamoorthy Siva Wasan Sriprom T.S.Suryanarayanan Kanaporn Sujarit Nakarin Suwannarach Thitipone Suwunwong Benjarong Thongbai Naritsada Thongklang Deping Wei S.Nuwanthika Wijesinghe Jake Winiski Jiye Yan Erandi Yasanthika Marc Stadler Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.PaPaeA.Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand Aix Marseille Université INRAUMR1163 BBF13288 Marseille Cedex 09France Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China Center of Plant and Environment ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People’s Republic of China Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability Mae Fah Luang UniversityTasudMuangChiang Rai 57100Thailand Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Center for Mountain Ecosystem Studies Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Fungal Research School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Researchand German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)partner site Hannover-BraunschweigInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Chemistry University of Science and TechnologyBannuKhyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Crop Physiology University of Agricultural SciencesGKVKBengaluruKarnataka 560065India Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai Univers

Fungi are an understudied,biotechnologically valuable group of *** to the immense range of habitats that fungi inhabit,and the consequent need to compete against a diverse array of other fungi,bacteria,and animals,fungi have developed numerous survival *** unique attributes of fungi thus herald great promise for their application in biotechnology and ***,fungi can be grown with relative ease,making production at scale *** search for fungal biodiversity,and the construction of a living fungi collection,both have incredible economic potential in locating organisms with novel industrial uses that will lead to novel *** manuscript reviews fifty ways in which fungi can potentially be utilized as *** provide notes and examples for each potential exploitation and give examples from our own work and the work of other notable *** also provide a flow chart that can be used to convince funding bodies of the importance of fungi for biotechnological research and as potential *** have provided the world with penicillin,lovastatin,and other globally significant medicines,and they remain an untapped resource with enormous industrial potential.

关键词： Biocontrol Biodiversity Biotechnology Food Fungi Mushrooms

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Morphological parameters and genetic diversity of progenies from seed production areas and unimproved stands of teak(Tectona grandis L.f.)in India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 653-658页

作者： N.Lyngdoh Geeta Joshi G.Ravikanth R.Vasudeva R.uma shaanker Tree Improvement and Propagation Division Institute of Wood Sciences and Technology 18th Cross MalleswaramBangalore School of Ecology and Conservation University of Agricultural Sciences Banga- lore 560065India Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment Royal Enclave SrirampuraJakkur PostBangalore- 560064India Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement College of Forestry Sirsi581401KarnatakaIndia Department of Crop Physiology University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore 560065India

We compared morphological and genetic attributes of prog- eny obtained from three seed production areas （SPAs） and three corre- sponding unimproved stands （UIS） of teak （Tectona grandis L.f） at three broad teak growing regions in the state of Karnataka, India. In general, seed morphological parameters such as seed weight, seed size and seed emptiness were significantly superior in SPAs compared to UISs. Seed germination percentage was also higher in seeds from SPAs. Seedling performance measured at two monthly intervals for six months was ob- served to be superior in SPAs at two of the three regions compared. Although the genetic diversity of progeny of SPAs was lower than UIS at all regions, the values were moderately high. Germination percent was positively correlated with fruit weight and kernel weight per seed, while diversity indices were negatively correlated with fruit weight, fruit di- ameter and kernel weight per seed. SPAs proved important as a source of moderately improved planting material with no severe threat to the ge- netic diversity of future plantations.

关键词： ISSR tree improvement Shannon index teak plantations percent polymorphism

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Floral resources, pollinators and fruiting in a threatened tropical deciduous tree

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第4期4卷 259-267页

作者： Manju V.Sharma R.uma shaanker Simon R.Leather R.Vasudeva Kundaranahalli R.Shivanna Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment Royal EnclaveSrirampuraJakkur POBangalore 560064India Division of Biology Imperial College LondonSilwood Park CampusAscotBerkshire SL57PYUK Department of Crop Physiology University of Agricultural SciencesGKVKBangalore 560065India Department of Forest Biology College of ForestrySirsiUttara Kannada DistrictIndia

Nothapodytes nimmoniana(Family Icacinaceae)is a deciduous tree species distributed in Asia facing severe population *** chips from the tree are a source of camptothecin,a globally soughtafter alkaloid with cancer-treating properties,and are harvested unsustainably in natural *** studied the pollination ecology of the species and asked if there are constraints in pollination and fruiting success in its natural *** also discuss the potential effects of wood extraction on pollinators and reproductive success in the *** The study was carried out during the flowering season in two populations with varying exploitation levels,both located in the Protected Area Network in the Western Ghats of Karnataka *** assessed floral resource availability and measured pollinator diversity and activity in the canopy from the perspective of the biology of the *** quantified pollinator abundance and percent fruit set as a function of population *** Findings Flowers belong to the fly pollination syndrome and are open to visits by generalists such as Apis dorsata and Trigona *** success did not vary between exploited and unexploited sites,but there was a significant difference in pollinator *** a lean male flowering year,fruit set was low,suggesting pollen limitation in the *** fruiting was recorded in the second year at the site where trees were felled soon after the flowering *** argue that when male floral resources are altered in exploited populations,pollinators of generalist nature may show a shift in foraging ***,generalist plants may be as susceptible to pollination loss as are specialist *** need for outcrossing in the species would probably exacerbate this vulnerability.

关键词： fruit set generalist over-harvest pollen limitation pollinator assemblage

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