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MADCR:Mobility Aware Dynamic Clustering-Based Routing Protocol in Internet of Vehicles

China Communications 2021年第7期18卷 69-85页

作者： sankar Sennan Somula Ramasubbareddy Sathiyabhama Balasubramaniyam Anand Nayyar Chaker Abdelaziz Kerrache Muhammad Bilal Deparment of of Computer Science and Engineering Sona College of TechnologySalem 636005India Deparment of Information Technology VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and TechnologyHyderabad 500090India. Graduate School Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang 550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang 550000Vietnam Laboratoire d’Informatique et de Mathématiques UniversitéAmar Telidji de LaghouatLaghouatAlgeria. Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign Studies17035Yongin-SiSouth Korea

Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is an evolution of the Internet of Things(IoT)to improve the capabilities of vehicular ad-hoc networks(VANETs)in intelligence transport *** network topology in IoV paradigm is highly *** is one of the promising solutions to maintain the route stability in the dynamic ***,existing algorithms consume a considerable amount of time in the cluster head(CH)selection ***,this study proposes a mobility aware dynamic clustering-based routing(MADCR)protocol in IoV to maximize the lifespan of networks and reduce the end-to-end delay of *** MADCR protocol consists of cluster formation and CH selection processes.A cluster is formed on the basis of Euclidean *** CH is then chosen using the mayfly optimization algorithm(MOA).The CH subsequently receives vehicle data and forwards such data to the Road Side Unit(RSU).The performance of the MADCR protocol is compared with that ofAnt Colony Optimization(ACO),Comprehensive Learning Particle Swarm Optimization(CLPSO),and Clustering Algorithm for Internet of Vehicles based on Dragonfly Optimizer(CAVDO).The proposed MADCR protocol decreases the end-toend delay by 5–80 ms and increases the packet delivery ratio by 5%–15%.

关键词： clustering protocol Internet of things Internet of vehicles optimization algorithm Mayfly algorithm

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Immersive 3D Visualization of the Collective Behavior of Particles and Crystal Dislocations Using Virtual Reality Technology

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2014年第3期4卷 79-93页

作者： Smruti R. Panigrahi sankar Jayaram uma Jayaram Hussein M. Zbib Sinisa Dj. Mesarovic Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing USA School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Pullman USA

In this article, we present a three-dimensional visualization technique that has been developed in order to establish an interactive immersive environment to visualize the particles in granular materials and dislocations in crystals. Simple elementary objects often exhibit complex collective behavior. Understanding of such behaviors and developments of coarse-scale theories, often requires insight into collective behavior that can only be obtained through immersive visualization. By displaying the computational results in a virtual environment with three-dimensional perception, one can immerse inside the model and analyze the intricate and very complex behavior of individual particles and dislocations. We built the stereographic images of the models using OpenGL rendering technique and then combine with the Virtual Reality technology in order to immerse in the three-dimensional model. A head mounted display has been used to allow the user to immerse inside the models and a flock of birds tracking device that allows the movements around and within the immersive environment.

关键词： Virtual Reality Telepresence 3D Stereographic Visualization OpenGL Rendering Grain Simulation Delaunay Network Dislocation Dynamics

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Characterization of municipal solid waste based on seasonal variations,source and socio-economic aspects

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2021年第4期3卷 275-288页

作者： Venkata Ravi sankar Cheela Sudha Goel Michele John Brajesh Dubey Environmental Engineering and Management Department of Civil EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpurWest Bengal 721302India Sustainable Engineering Group Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia

Municipal solid waste(MSW)generation and characterization are the basic inputs for waste handling and treatment systems *** present research,we performed waste characterization investigations in Visakhapatnam(India),using a waste characterization methodology by integrating two standard sampling and characterization *** characterization methodology was designed by combining seasonal variations,source,and socio-economic ***-based sampling was performed at household(s),dumpster(s),transfer station,and ***-economic-based sampling was performed based on the zone classification of the *** sampling campaigns were conducted to identify the waste composition based on seasonal *** aimed to perform stratified characterization of waste and assess chemical characteristics of the mixed waste fractions to evaluate waste-to-energy *** indicate that the amount of MSW generated in the city is 1250±100 tons/day,with a generation rate of 0.65 kg/capita/*** on source stratification,organic matter(45.5%±6.5%)is a major component followed by inert *** paper,plastic,and textile components amount to 25%of overall *** seasonal studies,organic matter was higher in pre-monsoon(42%)compared to winter(39%).The moisture content of MSW varied between 30%and 35%and volatile solids between 39%and 43%.The calorific value was determined to be between 5680-7110 kJ/*** the limitations and potential errors associated with sampling and waste *** and thermal conversion treatment alternatives for processing,treatment,and handling were *** findings of this research would assist regulatory bodies and city councils to formulate policy directives on waste sampling,characterization,segregation,education,and awareness campaigns.

关键词： Municipal solid waste Waste characterization Source segregation Socio-economic Seasonal variation Waste-to-energy

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Factors associated with coverage of praziquantel for schistosomiasis control in the communitydirect intervention (CDI) approach in Mali (West Africa)

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2013年第1期2卷 82-92页

作者： Abdoulaye Dabo Boubacar Bary Bourema Kouriba Oumar sankaré Ogobara Doumbo Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicinePharmacy and DentistryUMI 3189University of SciencesTechniques and Technologies of BamakoBox 1805BamakoMali High Institute for Training and Applied Research Box 475EBamakoMali

Background:Despite the progress made in the control of Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTD),schistosome and soil-transmitted helminth infections are far from being effectively managed in many parts of the ***,the key element of all control strategies,is faced with some difficulties in terms of access to *** study aims to describe the factors involved in the success or failure of the community-directed intervention(CDI)approach through control programmes,which aims to achieve consistent high coverage at affordable and sustainable costs in endemic ***:The CDI approach was carried out from December 2007 to October 2008 in ten villages of the district of Diéma,*** inclusion,each child part of the study’s sample was interviewed and submitted for a physical *** study focused on:data collection,treatment of the eligible population,evaluation of the treatment coverage,performance of community drug distributors(CDDs),and the involvement and perception of ***:A total of 8,022 eligible people were studied with a mean coverage rate of 76.7%.Using multiple regression,it was determined that receiving praziquantel as treatment was associated with five factors:belonging to the Fulani or Moorish ethnic minority versus the Bambara/Soninke,use of the central versus the house-to-house drug distribution mode,the ratio of the population to the number of CDDs,the lack of supervision and belonging to the age group of 15 years or above(p<0.05).As well as that,it was found that the presence of parallel community-based programmes(HIV,tuberculosis)that provide financial incentives for community members discouraged many CDDs(who in most cases are volunteers)to participate in the CDI approach due to a lack of ***:The findings indicate that the success of the CDI approach depends on,amongst other things,the personal characteristics of the respondents,as well as on community factors.

关键词： Schistosomiasis Praziquantel Community-directed intervention Coverage rate Diéma Mali

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负载型Pd基双金属催化剂的设计及其在环境领域的应用（英文）

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2018年第1期19卷 5-20页

作者： Ewa NOWICKA Meenakshisundaram sankar Faculty of Chemistry Technical University Berlin Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University

负载型双金属催化剂在很多催化反应中都有着十分重要的意义,包括选择性氧化、加氢/氢解、重整、生物质转化等反应。这一类催化剂的活性、选择性和稳定性取决于颗粒尺寸、组成和形貌等结构特性。针对Pd基负载型双金属催化剂体系,本文讨... 详细信息

负载型双金属催化剂在很多催化反应中都有着十分重要的意义,包括选择性氧化、加氢/氢解、重整、生物质转化等反应。这一类催化剂的活性、选择性和稳定性取决于颗粒尺寸、组成和形貌等结构特性。针对Pd基负载型双金属催化剂体系,本文讨论了其结构特性,并探讨了不同合成方法对结构性质的调控机制。同时,本文阐述了Pd基催化剂在环境催化反应中的应用,包括CO氧化、烃类氧化、加氢脱氯和NO_x分解等反应。尽管在这些领域的研究取得了一定的进展,然而还需要更先进的催化技术来应对一些重大的挑战,如环境修复等。最近,在材料、光谱、显微、催化化学以及工程领域的研究人员的共同努力下,通过先进表征方法、机理研究手段的采用以及构效关系的研究,针对双金属催化剂设计的研究取得了一些新的进展。本篇综述旨在激励相关领域科学家设计合理的新型催化剂体系,以用于未来的绿色及可持续发展。

关键词：钯钯合金双金属催化剂环境领域的应用

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Effect of photo-biodegradation and biodegradation on the biogeochemical cycling of dissolved organic matter across diverse surface water bodies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 130-147页

作者： M.S.sankar Padmanava Dash Shatrughan Singh YueHan Lu ANDrew E.Mercer Shuo Chen Department of Geosciences Mississippi State University Department of Geological Sciences University of Alabama Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology

The objective of this research was to quantify the temporal variation of dissolved organic matter(DOM) in five distinct waterbodies in watersheds with diverse types of land use and land cover in the presence and absence of sunlight. The water bodies were an agricultural pond, a lake in a forested watershed, a man-made reservoir, an estuary, and a bay. Two sets of samples were prepared by dispensing unfiltered samples into filtered samples in 1:10 ratio(V/V). The first set was exposed to sunlight(10 hr per day for 30 days) for examining the combined effect of photo-biodegradation, while the second set was stored in dark for examining biodegradation alone. Spectroscopic measurements in tandem with multivariate statistics were used to interpret DOM lability and composition. The results suggest that the agricultural pond behaved differently compared to other study locations during degradation experiments due to the presence of higher amount of microbial humic-like and protein-like components derived from microbial/anthropogenic sources. For all samples, a larger decrease in dissolved organic carbon(DOC) concentration(10.12% ±9.81% for photo-biodegradation and 6.65% ± 2.83% for biodegradation) and rapid transformation of DOM components(i.e., terrestrial humic-like components into microbial humic and protein-like components) were observed during photo-biodegradation *** suggest that sunlight facilitated DOM biodegradation, resulting in simpler recalcitrant molecules regardless of original composition. Overall, it was found that combined effects of light and bacteria are more efficient than bacterial effects alone in remineralizing and altering DOM, which highlights the crucial importance of sunlight in transforming aquatic DOM.

关键词： Photo-biodegradation Biodegradation Dissolved organic matter Land use and land cover Half-life EEM-PARAFAC

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Formulation and evaluation of Albendazole microcapsules for colon delivery using chitosan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第5期3卷 374-378页

作者： Simi SP Saraswathi R sankar C Krishnan PN Dilip C Ameena K Al Shifa College Of Pharmacy KizhatturPerinthalmannaKerala.Pin-679325India

Objective:To formulate and evaluate Albendazole microcapsules using chitosan,a natural polymer for colon-specific delivery for better treatment of helminthiasis,filariasis,colorectal cancer,avoiding the side ***:The Albendazole microcapsules were prepared by the use of different concentrations of sodium alginate,chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC).The polysaccharides chitosan reacted with sodium alginate in the presence of calcium chloride to form microcapsules with a polyelectrolyte complex membrane by electrostatic interactions between the two oppositely charged *** microcapsules were then studied for entrapment efficiency,drug-polymer compatibility and surface morphology. In vitro drug release study in presence and absence of cecal content were also ***, kinetic modellings were employed to find out release ***:Albendazole loaded microspheres showd high entrapment efficiency(72.8%) and the microcapsules were free flowing,non aggregated and spherical,between 600 and 1 000μm in *** surface of microcapsules were found to be porous and *** FT-IR spectrum showed that there is no interaction between the polymer and the *** in vitro drug release study found to be affected by change in chitosan,sodium alginate and HPMC *** microcapsules with 2.5% sodium alginate and 0.4% chitosan shown minimum release in gastrointestinal simulated condition but shows maximum drug release at the end of 24th hour in presence of cecal *** rate of drug release follows Korsmeyer-peppas model that was the drug release is by diffusion and ***:The study reveals that Albendazole loaded chitosanalginate based microsphere can be used effectively for the colon targeting.

关键词： Colon drug delivery Albendazole Chitosan Sodium alginate Microcapsule

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Isolation of the mucilages from Hibiscus rosasinensis *** Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus linn.) and studies of the binding effects of the mucilages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第7期3卷 539-543页

作者： Ameena K Dilip C Saraswathi R Krishnan PN sankar C Simi SP Al Shifa College of Pharmacy KizhatturPerinthalmanna.Kerala679325India

Objective:To isolate and evaluate comparatively the binding efficacy of the mucilages obtained from the plants of Hibiscus rosasinensis and Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus).Methods:Extraction of mucilages from the leaves of Hibiscus and pods of Okra(Ladies finger) was carried out by a cold maceration *** extracted mucilages were subjected to various physicochemical properties for its suitability as an excipient in the formulation of tablet dosage *** concentrations(10,8,5,2 and 1%w/v) of binder solutions of Hibiscus and Okra were used for the formulation of tablets and the formulated tablets were evaluated by studying the standard parameters like diameter,thickness,weight variation,hardness,friability,disintegration and in vitro *** studies of the formulated tablets were conducted for four weeks. Results:The formulated tablets prepared using the mucilages of both Hibiscus and Okra had good *** in vitro drug release profile of the tablets prepared using Okra mucilage had an optimum of 90%at a mucilage concentration of 1%w/v concentration mucilage itself within 4 ***:According to the observations,the lower concentration levels of Okra can be used as an alternative binder to *** higher concentration levels of Okra mucilage show a slow and sustained release,and can be considered as an alternative natural excipient in the modified drug delivery *** the same time,the above natural excipient of Hibiscus mucilage could be used as a platform for prolonged release if its binder concentrations are increased.

关键词： Formulation Hibiscus Tablets

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同步X射线衍射与分子模拟研究AlPO_4-18骨架中N,N-二异丙基乙胺模板分子的位置和取向（英文）

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催化学报 2015年第6期36卷 874-879页

作者： Christiana Zenonos Dewi W.Lewis Gopinathan sankar Department of Chemistry University College London

Phase pure AlP O4 with the AlP O4-18(AEI) structure was synthesised using N,N- diisopropylethylamine as a template. Using a combination of X-ray powder diffraction and computational methods, the location and orientation of the N,N-diisopropylethylamine molecules inside the cages of the AEI structure were determined. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that the number of template molecules per unit cell was consistent with the diffraction study. We unequivocally show that only one template molecule is present in each cage of the crystalline AEI material. Our work demonstrates that a combined approach enables accurate structure resolution of such complex materials.

关键词： X射线粉末衍射模板分子分子模拟二异丙基同步加速器位置取向框架

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First record of three giant marine Bathynomids(Crustacea,Isopoda,Cirolanidae) from India

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第1期30卷 113-117页

作者： sankar R Rajkumar M SUN Jun Gopalakrishnan A Vasanthan T M Ananthan G Trilles J p Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Annamalai University Parangipettai 608502 India Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Equipe Adaptation Ecophysiologique et Ontogenese Universit6 de Montpellier II Montpellier34095 France

Three species, Bathynomus decemspinosus, B. doederleini and B. kensleyi （Crustacea, Isopoda, Cirolanidae）, are reported for the first time from the Parangipettai coastal waters, Southeast coast of India. Several Trilasmis （Temnaspis） tridens （Cirripedia Thoracica, Lepadomorpha） were attached to the pleopods of some individuals. So, five bathynomid species are currently reported from India.

关键词： giant marine isopods Bathynomus first record India

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